Overview of illiteracy in Amazonas and Manaus: regional disparities and sociodemographic challenges

This article examines illiteracy in Brazil, particularly in populations in the state of Amazonas and the city of Manaus, using documentary research based on data from the 2022 Census and the 2023 National Household Sample Survey conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The study aims to understand how sociodemographic factors such as age, race, and sex influence illiteracy rates, showing regional disparities and the challenges faced by vulnerable groups. Adopting a qualitative and descriptive approach, the study analyzes secondary data from official surveys, providing a comparison between national illiteracy rates and the unique characteristics of the Amazonian population. The results show that, despite the country's overall reduced illiteracy rates, a significant "debt" remains among older adults, due to limited access to education in past generations. Additionally, it was observed that black and brown populations—particularly in Amazonas—exhibit higher illiteracy rates, reflecting historical inequalities. Manaus has a 2% illiteracy rate, representing approximately 43,000 people, with a higher prevalence among women and older adults. These findings underscore the need for inclusive public policies geared toward reducing such disparities, focused on providing literacy for older adults and addressing racial and regional inequalities.

Keywords
illiteracy; documentary research; inequalities; Amazon