The Critical Care Science (Crit Care Sci), ISSN 2965-2774 (formerly Revista Brasileira de Terapia Intensiva) is a continuous publication of the Associação de Medicina Intensiva Brasileira and the Sociedade Portuguesa de Cuidados Intensivos. Its short title, Crit Care Sci should be used in bibliographies, footnotes, and bibliographic references and legends.

Objective: The goals of the journal are to disseminate high-quality clinical, epidemiological, translational, and health services research related to Adult and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine.
Frequency: Continuous.

Areas of interest: As an international online journal, Critical Care Science covers all Clinical and Translational areas and topics of Adult and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine.

Indexing sources: Medline, PubMed Central, Scopus, Embase, Lilacs, SciELO.
The journal has open and free access. No fees are required for readers and there are no article processing charges for authors.

Sponsors: Associação Brasileira de Medicina Intensiva (AMIB) and the Sociedade Portuguesa de Cuidados Intensivos (SPCI) maintains Critical Care Science.

Critical Care Science follows the Open Access model, providing virtual access to all scientific texts published by the journal, excepted when specified.

Open Access is the condition where the copyright holder of a scholarly work grants usage rights to others using an open license (Creative Commons Attribution, CC-BY ) allowing for immediate free access to the work and permitting any user to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of articles, crawl them for indexing, pass them as data to software, or use them for any other lawful purpose

As a good practice, following Open Science to ensure security and transparency, the Critical Care Science encourages the ‘sharing of the data, codes, methods and other materials used and resulting from research that generally underlie the texts of articles published by journals’.

All authors must complete the Open Science Compliance Form, in which authors share with the journal information about the manuscript in accordance with Open Science communication practices.

Critical Care Science adheres to the ICMJE guidelines (Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals) and expects authors to disclose conflicts of interest. All content is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC-BY 4.0) license.

Authors retain copyright and can grant usage rights under the CC BY license.

According to this recommendation and the guidelines of the Latin American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences Information (Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) / WHO) for journals indexed in the Latin American and Caribbean Literature databases (Lilacs) and the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Critical Care Science will only accept the publication of clinical trials that have been registered in clinical trials registries that meet the WHO and ICMJE requirements. Authors are strongly encouraged to follow EQUATOR guidelines for their study type.

The journal upholds the highest ethical standards using COPE principles and established policies.

Critical Care Science publishes high-quality research on adult and pediatric critical care medicine, including clinical trials, epidemiology, translational research, and health services research.

The journal follows SciELO Program Digital Preservation Policy and has been indexed on the platform since 2006.

Medline, PubMed Central, Scopus, Embase, Lilacs, SciELO.

Journal title: Critical Care Science
Abreviation: Crit. Care Sci.
Publisher: Associação de Medicina Intensiva Brasileira
Periodicidade: Continuous
Initial year: 2023

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The manuscripts previously submitted to preprint repositories will be accepted and will undergo the same Peer Review Process adopted by the journal.

All manuscripts submitted to Critical Care Science are subject to a rigorous review process. Initial submissions are reviewed by the editorial team to ensure adherence to Critical Care Science guidelines and policies, including ethical requirements for human and animal experimentation. Once the initial evaluation is complete, the article may be returned to the authors for adjustment.

Subsequently, the submitted manuscripts will be evaluated by the Editor-in-Chief. Manuscripts without merit, with significant methodological errors or that do not fit the editorial policy of the journal will be rejected, without the formal process of peer review. The average turnaround time for this immediate rejection is one week.

Manuscripts approved by the Editor-in-Chief (or a designated editor) will be sent to two or more reviewers. Reviewers will always be from institutions other than the institution of origin of the manuscript. There is no blinding of authors and institutions. However, authors may suggest preferred and non-preferred reviewers in the cover letter. All reviewers must disclose potential conflicts of interest before formally accepting to participate in the process.

Our average turnaround time for the first response to the authors is 30 days, although a longer period may be needed. After this evaluation, the editors will decide on acceptance, minor review, major review, rejection and resubmission or rejection.

After receiving the reviewers’ feedback, the authors must submit the revised version within 60 days, including the suggested changes and a point-by-point response to each reviewer suggestion.  The authors may contact Critical Care Science (ccs@amib.org.br) if they need an extension. If the manuscript is not submitted within six months, it will be removed from the database, and any resubmission will follow the process of an initial submission. After resubmission, editors may choose to send the manuscript to external reviewers or make a decision based on their expertise.

The opinions expressed in the articles, including the changes requested by the reviewers, will solely be the responsibility of the authors.

In all approved manuscripts the journal will declare the name of the Associate Editor responsible for the evaluation process.

After final approval all manuscripts receive a persistent identification number – DOI.

Although Critical Care Science supports open science communication practices, the journal will continue to use its current double-blind peer review model. Authors may be asked to provide the raw data related to an article for editorial review, and they should be prepared to provide public access to such data.

When submitting the manuscript, the authors must attach a copy of the Open Science Compliance Form .

The journal is completely free to access, with no article processing charges. There are no fees for submission, processing, or publishing.

Associação de Medicina Intensiva Brasileira (AMIB) maintains Critical Care Science and will retain the responsibility for the maintenance of the journal. Grants from governmental funding agencies partially fund the journal (i.e., Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico [CNPq] - Brasil).  This journal has no other financial support.

Regarding ethical issues, misconduct, and responsibility, the journal recommends adhering to ethical standards and responsibilities in academic communication as established by national and international institutions, such as:

• FAPESP https://fapesp.br/boaspraticas/2014/FAPESP-Codigo_de_Boas_Praticas_Cientificas.pdf,
• SciELO  https://wp.scielo.org/wp-content/uploads/Guide-to-Best-Practices-for-Strengthening-Ethics-in-Scientific-Publishing.pdf,
• COPE  https://publicationethics.org/, 
• CSE (https://www.councilscienceeditors.org/, 
• Equator Network (https://www.equator-network.org/,
• ICMJE https://www.icmje.org/

Correction

For erratum the journal issues only in the case of reconsideration of information related to the methods and results of the published article. Errata are not issued in the case of adjustments to the title, authors' names, institutional affiliations, authors' abbreviations, Orcid ID, or acknowledgements and collaborations. This information should be checked by the authors when they receive the editorial decision and the final PDF of the article.

Retraction Policy

Retractions will be used in cases of redundant publication, plagiarism, peer review manipulation, reuse of material or data without authorization, copyright infringement or some other legal issue (eg, libel, privacy, illegality), unethical research or a failure to disclose a major competing interest (https://publicationethics.org/guidance/guideline/retraction-guidelines ). 

Retraction will be partial when the misconduct applies to a specific part of the article, without, however, compromising the set of published research.

If only a small part of an article reports flawed data or content, will be rectified by a correction.

Ethical issues and/or issues that may the reputation of the journal will be evaluated and addressed by the Editorial Board.

Declaration of conflict of interest - The conflicts of interest of all authors must be disclosed on the title page of the manuscript. Authors should download the appropriate form download it at https://criticalcarescience.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2025/07/Disclosure-25.06.pdf and, after signing, the authors should upload it during the submission process.

Any contributions submitted to Critical Care Science must be original, and the manuscript, nor any part of it, must not be under consideration by any other journal. In addition, authors should not submit the same manuscript in different languages to different journals. Authors must declare any publications that may coincide at the time of submission for appreciation and evaluation by the editor. All manuscripts, after peer review process, are submitted to the manuscripts plagiarism detection tools (Turnitin) to detect any duplication, redundant publication or misconduct. All text that is similar or does not indicate the respective citation/reference will be evaluated regardless of the percentage of similarity or plagiarism. Whenever any of these situations are detected, the Editor-in-Chief will contact the authors and their institutions. If the editor identifies a situation of plagiarism, the authors will be subject to immediate rejection of the submitted manuscript. If the editor is unaware of the situation when accepting the manuscript, there will be a retraction in subsequent edition of the journal.

The submission and publication of content created by artificial intelligence, language models, machine learning, or similar technologies is discouraged, unless part of the formal research design or methods.

Authors should disclose the use of AI-assisted technologies in the writing process by adding a statement at the end of the manuscript. The statement should be in the following format: “During the preparation of this manuscript, the authors used [Name of the tool] for [Reason of use]. After using this tool, the authors have reviewed and edited the content and take full responsibility for the content of the publication”.

Critical Care Science supports the recommendations of the World Association of Medical Editors (WAME, https://wame.org/page3.php?id=106) on the ethical considerations related to the use of these technologies.

There is no need to make this declaration for the use of basic tools for checking grammar, spelling and bibliographical references.

The editorial team of Critical Care Science, as well as the authors who publish in the journal, must always comply with the Sex and Gender Equity in Research (SAGER) guidelines (https://ease.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/EASE-SAGER-Checklist-2022.pdf).

The SAGER guidelines comprise a set of guidelines that guide the reporting of sex and gender information in study design, data analysis, results and interpretation of findings. In addition, the Archives of Gastroenterology observes the policy of gender equity in the formation of its editorial board.

Critical Care Science strives for gender equity in its editorial board, acknowledging the male predominance in the field.

When reporting a study involving humans, their data or biological material, the authors must include a statement confirming that the study was approved (or that approval exemption was granted) by the institution’s Research Ethics Committee and/or the Ethics Committee for National Research, including the name of the committee, and certify that the study was conducted according to the ethical standards established in the Declaration of Helsinki of 1964nd its subsequent amendments or equivalent ethical standards. For studies conducted in Brazil, registration on the Plataforma Brasil and the Certificate of Presentation of Ethical Assessment (CAAE - Certificado de Apresentação de Apreciação Ética) is mandatory (https://www.gov.br/conselho-nacional-de-saude/pt-br/camaras-tecnicas-e-comissoes/conep/plataforma-brasil ).

When reporting experiments on animals, the authors must indicate whether the institutional and national guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals were followed and whether the experiments were approved by the competent Ethics Committee. In any clinical or experimental study, human or animal, this information should be included in the Methods section.

The ethics statements of Critical Care Science can be found on https://ccsci.publy.science/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2024/03/CCS-Declaracao-etica-en-12.03.pdf  

All content of the journal, except where identified, is licensed under a Creative Commons attribution-type CC-BY 4.0.

The authors of articles published in the journal are the copyright owners of the article and may grant any third party the right to use, reproduce or disclose their article under the terms of the CC-BY adopted by the journal.

The author must declare that the manuscript has not been and will not be submitted to another journal, nor published in any other media or repository.

The journal has open and free access.

Site response - Copyright by the Associação de Medicina Intensiva Brasileira and Sociedade Portuguesa de Cuidados Intensivos. Responsible for website design:  Caboverde Design Digital.

Author response - The authors of articles published in the journal are the copyright owners of the article and may grant any third party the right to use, reproduce or disclose their article under the terms of the CC-BY adopted by the journal.

License adopted by the journal - All contents published by Critical Care Science are licensed under a Creative Commons attribution-type CC-BY 4.0.

Associação de Medicina Intensiva Brasileira (AMIB) maintains Critical Care Science. This journal has no financial support or sponsorship.

Jorge Ibrain Figueira Salluh, Instituto D’Or de Pesquisa e Ensino - Rio de Janeiro, (RJ), Brazil, and Postgraduate Program in Clinical Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/7977255003651847, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8164-1453, E-mail: jorgesalluh@gmail.com

Alexandre Biasi Cavalcanti, Instituto de Pesquisa, HCor-Hospital do Coração, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/5896571955216852, ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2798-6263, E-mail:  abiasi@hcor.com.br

Ary Serpa Neto, Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Intensive Care, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Critical Care, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/0254664157557375, ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1520-9387,  E-mail: serpanetoary@gmail.com

Daniela Carla de Souza, Universidade de São Paulo, Hospital Universitário, Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Latin American Sepsis Institute - São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Instituto Sírio-Libanês de Ensino e Pesquisa, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/6599763369310104, ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1968-6773, E-mail: daniela@hu.usp.br

Flávia Ribeiro Machado, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Pain and Intensive Care, Discipline of Anesthesiology, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/1160079071166685, ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2356-4867, E-mail: frmachado@unifesp.br

Pedro Póvoa, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Hospital de São Francisco Xavier, Intensive Care Unit, Lisboa, Portugal; Universidade NOVA Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Nova Medical School, Lisboa, Portugal; Odense University Hospital, Center for Clinical and Research Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, Odense, Dinamarca. ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7069-7304, E-mail: pedrorpovoa@gmail.com

Wangari Siika, Aga Khan University, Department of Anaesthesia, Nairobi, Kenya. ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3045-3372, E-mail: wangari.siika@aku.edu.

Epidemiology, Research Methods, and Artificial Intelligence

Bruno Adler Maccagnan Pinheiro Besen, Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas, Discipline of Emergency Medicine, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas, Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Hospital A. C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Instituto D’Or de Pesquisa e Ensino, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/4035453966348800, ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3516-9696, E-mail: brunobesen@yahoo.com.br  

Fernando Godinho Zampieri, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/5936586025491494, ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9315-6386, E-mail: fzampier@ualberta.ca

Cardiovascular and Hemodynamics

Gilberto Friedman, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Medicina, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul,RS, Brazil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/4055402467214156, ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9369-2488, E-mail: beto_gremio@hotmail.com

Vanina Edul,  Hospital General de Agudos "Juan A. Fernández", División de Terapia Intensiva, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4961-6733, E-mail: vaninaedul@gmail.com

Intensive Care Unit Organization and Management
Otavio Tavares Ranzani, Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto do Coração, Hospital das Clínicas, Pulmonary Division, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Espanha. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/9197437564372461, ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4677-6862, E-mail: otavioranzani@yahoo.com.br

Mechanical Ventilation and Acute Respiratory Failure

Irene Aragão, Universitário do Porto, Centro Hospitalar, Hospital de Santo Antonio, Porto, Portugal; Universidade do Porto, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Porto, Portugal. ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5750-2739, E-mail: irene.aragao@gmail.com

Neonatology and Pediatrics

Vanessa Soares Lanziotti, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Pediatrics, Pediatric Intensive Care Unit & Research and Education Division and Postgraduate Program in Maternal and Child Health, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/5344581675105116, ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0406-1495, E-mail: vslanziotti@gmail.com

Neurointensive Care

Viviane Cordeiro Veiga, A Beneficência Portuguesa de São Paulo, Critical Care Department, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/4326352239448843, ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0287-3601, E-mail:  viviane.veiga@bp.org.br

Post-Intensive Care Unit Care, Quality of Life, and Humanization

Regis Goulart Rosa, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Internal Medicine Department, Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul/RS, Brazil; Brazilian Research in Intensive Care Network, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Latin American Sepsis Institute, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/5047175130077041, ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7881-9866, E-mail: regisgoulartrosa@gmail.com

Principles, Processes and Practices of Critical Care

Renata Eloah de Lucena Ferretti-Rebustini, Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem, Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing and  Research Group on Ageing, Intensive Care and Cardiology, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/4049473460911945, ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6159-5787, E-mail: reloah@usp.br

Sedation, Analgesia and Delirium

Dimitri Gusmão-Flores, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Department of Internal Medicine, Salvador, Bahia/BA, Brazil; Hospital da Cidade, Intensive Care Unit, Salvador, Bahia/BA, Brazil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/3815324983308362, ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1973-6099, E-mail: dimitrigusmao@gmail.com

Sepsis and Infection

Thiago Costa Lisboa, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Department of Intensive Medicine and Postgraduate Program in Pneumological Sciences, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul/RS, Brazil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/2810241443058705, ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4306-2212, E-mail:  tlisboa@hcpa.edu.br

Susana Mendes Fernandes, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina, Clínica Universitária de Medicina Intensiva, Lisboa, Portugal; ULS Santa Maria, Hospital Santa Maria, Serviço de Medicina Intensiva, Lisboa, Portugal. ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7468-9141, E-mail:  susanamfernandes@fm.ul.pt  

Social Media & Scientific Communication

Filipe Souza Amado, Instituto D’Or de Pesquisa e Ensino, Department of Critical Care and Postgraduate Program in Translational Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/0949630294602422, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5091-4072, E-mail: filipesamado@gmail.com

Pedro Henrique Rigotti Soares, Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceição, Department of Intensive Care, Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Department of Intensive Care, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul/RS, Brazil and Universidade Vale do Rio do Sinos, School of Health,  São Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul/RS, Brazil. Lattes:  http://lattes.cnpq.br/6910857493580751, ORCID ID:  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1504-2396, E-mail: phrigotti@gmail.com

Translational and Experimental Medicine

Felipe Dal-Pizzol, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Faculdade de Medicina, Criciúma, Santa Catarina/SC, Brazil; Hospital São José, Criciúma, Santa Catarina/SC, Brazil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/7913451338414184, ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3003-8977, E-mail: fdpizzol@gmail.com

Trauma and Surgical Critical Care

Roberta Muriel Longo Roepke, Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas, Trauma and Acute Care Surgery Intensive Care Unit, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/0993688551616263, ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2214-5166, E-mail: robertaroepke@gmail.com

Editorial Board, Statistics, Data Science, Evidence-based Medicine and Epidemiology

Leandro Utino Taniguchi, Universidade de São Paulo, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Discipline of Clinical Emergencies, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Brazilian Research in Intensive Care Network, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/4593923869573481, ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4384-0408, E-mail: leandro.taniguchi@gmail.com

Leonardo dos Santos Lourenço Bastos, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Department of Industrial Engineering, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/3058855079996406, ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7833-0403, E-mail: lslbastos@puc-rio.br

Guest Editor (2026)

Sheila Myatra, Tata Memorial Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain, - Mumbai, India. ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6761-163X, E-mail: sheila150@hotmail.com

Africa, Asia, Australia

Ary Serpa Neto, Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Intensive Care, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Critical Care, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/0254664157557375, ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1520-9387,  E-mail: serpanetoary@gmail.com

David Pilcher, Alfred Health, Department of Intensive Care, Prahran, Australia; The Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society Centre for Outcome and Resources Evaluation - Prahran, Australia; Monash University,  School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, The Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Prahran, Australia.  ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8939-7985, E-mail: d.pilcher@alfred.org.au;

Diptesh Aryal, Nepal Intensive Care Research Foundation, Nepal and Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Bangkok, Thailand.ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1431-8293, E-mail: diptesharyal@gmail.com

Madiha Hashimi, Ziauddin University, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Karachi, Pakistan. ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7332-0692, E-mail: madiha.hashmi@zu.edu.pk

Mervyn Mer, University of the Witwatersrand, Department of Medicine, Divisions of Critical Care and Pulmonology, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, Johannesburg, South Africa. ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3338-8251, E-mail: mervyn.mer@wits.ac.za

Naomi Hammond, The George Institute for Global Health, UNSW,  Critical Care Program, - Sydney, Australia; Royal North Shore Hospital, Malcolm Fisher Department of Intensive Care Medicine, St Leonards, Australia. ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6559-7747 , Email: nhammond@georgeinstitute.org.au

Sheila Myatra, Tata Memorial Hospital, Critical Care and Pain, Department of Anesthesiology, - Mumbai, India. ​ ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6761-163X, E-mail: sheila150@hotmail.com

Suchitra Ranjit, Apollo Childrens Hospital, Pediatric Intensive Care, Chennai, India. ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2943-2670, E-mail: suchitraranjit@yahoo.co.in

Tomoko Fujii, Jikei University Hospital, Department of Intensive Care, Tokyo, Japan. ORCID  ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3854-4081, E-mail: tomoko1109@gmail.com

Europe

Bjorn Weiss, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Campus Charité Mitte and Campus Virchow, Klinikum, Berlin, Germany. ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3139-595X, E-mail: bjoern.weiss@charite.de

Geert Meyfroidt, University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4259-3935, E-mail: geert.meyfroidt@uzleuven.be

Ignacio Martin-Loeches, St James's Hospital, Multidisciplinary Intensive Care Research Organization, Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Dublin, Ireland. ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5834-4063, E-mail: drmartinloeches@gmail.com

Kathryn Puxty, University of Glasgow; Consultant in Intensive Care Medicine, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK. ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5742-6171, E-mail: kathryn.puxty@ggc.scot.nhs.uk

Luigi Pisani, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Department of Precision-Regenerative Medicine and Jonic Area, Section of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Bari, Italy; and Mahidol Oxford Tropical Research Unit - Bangkok, Thailand. ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7177-3594, E-mail: luigipisani@gmail.com               

Saad Nseir,  Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Médecine Intensive-Réanimation, Lille, France; and Université de Lille - Lille, France. ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7618-0357, E-mail: s-nseir@chru-lille.fr

North America

Alexandre Tellechea Rotta, Duke Children’s Hospital, Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Durham, North Caroline, United States; Duke Children’s Pediatric and Congenital Heart Center, Durham, North Caroline, United States; Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Caroline, United States. ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4406-2276, E-mail: alex.rotta@duke.edu

Andre Kalil, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Transplant ID Program, Nebraska, United States. ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6489-6294, E-mail: akalil@unmc.edu

Jan Bakker, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA; Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, USA; Erasmus University Medical Center,  Rotterdam, Netherlands; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile. ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2236-7391, E-mail: jan.bakker@erasmusmc.nl

Laveena Munshi, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Canada. ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0551-9533, E-mail: Laveena.munshi@sinaihealth.ca

Leo Anthony Celi, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Pulmonary Care, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States. ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6712-6626, E-mail:  lceli@mit.eduaculty

Lisa Burry, Sinai Health, Departments of Pharmacy and Medicine, Toronto, Canada; University of Toronto, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy and Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, Toronto, Canada. ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6545-3890, E-mail: lisa.burry@sinaihealth.ca

Sangeeta Mehta, University of Toronto, Department of Medicine, Toronto, Canada; Mount Sinai Hospital. Medical Surgical Intensive Carre Unit, Toronto, Canada. ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7073-4769, E-mail: geeta.mehta@utoronto.ca

South America

Alberto Biestro, Universidad de la República, Faculdade de Medicina, Montevideo, Uruguay. ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5147-0027, E-mail: mapibies@adinet.com.uy

Alejandro Bruhn, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Santiago, Chile. ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8034-1937, E-mail: alejandrobruhn@gmail.com

Alvaro Réa-Neto, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Department of Internal Medicine, Curitiba, Paraná/PR, Brazil; Centro de Estudos e Pesquisa em Terapia Intensiva, Curitiba, Paraná/PR, Brazil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/1274153769965094,ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5524-0907, E-mail: reaneto@gmail.com

Anibal Basile Filho, Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Intensive Care Medicine Division, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/1188601717818991, ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6547-0615, E-mail: abasile@fmrp.usp.br

Arnaldo Dubin, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Cátedras de Terapia Intensiva y Farmacología Aplicada, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Servicio de Terapia Intensiva, Sanatorio Otamendi, Buenos Aires, Argentina. ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3349-5447. E-mail: arnaldodubin@gmail.com

Arnaldo Prata Barbosa, Instituto D’Or de Pesquisa e Ensino, Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/0957109003322672, ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4726-9782, E-mail:  arnaldo.prata@idor.org

Ederlon Alves de Carvalho Rezende, Instituto de Assistência Médica ao Servidor Público Estadual, Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual, Department of Intensive Care, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/9753273246657286,  ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3398-5611, E-mail: eacrezende@gmail.com

Elisa Estenssoro, Ministerio de Salud de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Escuela de Gobierno en Salud, Buenos Aires, Argentina. ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8896-5688, E-mail: estenssoro.elisa@gmail.com

Flávia Ribeiro Machado, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Pain and Intensive Care, Discipline of Anesthesiology, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/1160079071166685, ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2356-4867, E-mail: frmachado@unifesp.br

Felipe Dal-Pizzol, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Faculdade de Medicina, Criciúma (SC), Brazil; Hospital São José, Criciúma, Santa Catarina/SC, Brazil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/7913451338414184, ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3003-8977, E-mail: fdpizzol@gmail.com

Gaston Burghi, Universidad de la República, Hospital de Clínicas de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay. ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9856-2305, E-mail: burghig@gmail.com

Gilberto Friedman, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Medicina, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul/RS, Brazil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/4055402467214156, ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9369-2488, E-mail: beto_gremio@hotmail.com

Glauco Adrieno Westphal, Centro Hospitalar Unimed, Department of Intensive Care, Joinville (SC), Brazil; Hospital São José, Department of Intensive Care, Joinville, Santa Catarina/SC, Brazil;  Organ Procurement Organization of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina/SC, Brazil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/6149458374616691, ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9581-7141, E-mail: glauco.ww@gmail.com 

Guillermo Bugedo, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Training Program in Intensive Medicine, Santiago, Chile. ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7527-6202, E-mail: gbugedo@gmail.com

Juliana Carvalho Ferreira, Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas, Instituto do Coração, Pneumology Division, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; AC Camargo Cancer Center, Intensive Care Unit, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Lattes:  http://lattes.cnpq.br/5888969497931011, ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6548-1384, E-mail: juliana.ferreira@hc.fm.usp.br

Leticia Kawano-Dourado, HCor-Hospital do Coração, Research Institute, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas, Instituto do Coração, Pulmonary Division, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Lattes:  http://lattes.cnpq.br/7157881285239271, ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0784-1331, E-mail: ldourado@hcor.com.br

Luciano César Pontes de Azevedo. Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Academic Research Organization, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Faculty of Health Sciences, Santiago, Chile. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/5136945141059977, ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6759-3910, E-mail: luciano.azevedo@einstein.br

Luis Felipe Reyes, Universidad de La Sabana, Unisabana Center for Translational Science, Chia, Colombia; Clinica Universidad de La Sabana - Chia, Colombia; Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of Oxford - Oxford, UK. ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1172-6539, E-mail: luis.reyes5@unisabana.edu.co

Marcio Soares, Instituto D’Or de Pesquisa e Ensino, Department of Intensive Care and Postgraduate Program, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Epimed Solutions, Department of Research and Product Development, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/5645795215515495, ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2503-6088, Email: marciosoaresms@gmail.com

Maria del Pilar Arias Lopez, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Critical Care Department, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Comité de Gestión Calidad y Datos, Sociedad Argentina de Terapia Intensiva, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and Programa Sati-Q. Sociedad Argentina de Terapia Intensiva, Buenos Aires, Argentina. ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4881-4743, E-mail: satiq@hardineros.com

Patricia Rocco, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. Lattes: https://lattes.cnpq.br/1800482670266921, ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1412-7136, E-mail: prmrocco@biof.ufrj.br

Sebastián González-Dambrauskas, Red Colaborativa Pediátrica de Latinoamérica - Montevideo, Uruguay; Universidad de la República, Facultad de Medicina, Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell, Departamento de Pediatría y Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos de Niños, Montevideo, Uruguay. ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4775-227X, E-mail: sgdambrauskas@gmail.com

Suzana Margareth Ajeje Lobo, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, Hospital de Base, Department of Intensive Care, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil. Lattes:  http://lattes.cnpq.br/6950690076607456, ORCID ID  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2726-2441, E-email: suzanaalobo@gmail.com

Thiago Costa Lisboa, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Department of Intensive Medicine and Postgraduate Program in Pneumological Sciences, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul/RS, Brazil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/2810241443058705, ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4306-2212, E-mail:  tlisboa@hcpa.edu.br

Before you submit: Please read carefully the instructions below and be sure your manuscript is compliant. This will save you time and expedite the peer-review process.

Studies on Covid-19, Narrative Reviews, Viewpoints, and Editorials:  should only be submitted if invited by the editor-in-chief. If you believe you have a manuscript in one of these formats that deserves to be evaluated by the journal, please send an e-mail to: editor.ccs@amib.org.br. We do not publish case reports.

Manuscripts must be submitted in English.

No fees are charged for the submission, evaluation or publication of manuscripts.

All articles must be submitted electronically to: http://mc04.manuscriptcentral.com/ccs-scielo

In addition to following the general manuscript preparation instructions, authors should refer to the specific instructions for the type of article they are submitting.

Editorial

After the editor's invitation, editorials should provide evidence-based comments on articles published in the journal with up to 1,000 words (excluding references), 1 figure or table, 5 authors and 15 references.

Guidelines and Consensus Statements

The purpose of a guideline is to provide evidence-based recommendations for clinicians and other relevant stakeholders. Guidelines should follow recommendations for trustworthy guideline development to be considered for publication, including, but not limited to: (1) diversity in panel development; (2) conflict-of-interest management; (3) prioritization of answerable guideline questions (with avoidance of too many best practice statements); (4) being informed by systematic reviews; (5) certainty of evidence assessment (e.g., with GRADE); and (6) clear statements of judgements made to arrive at recommendations (i.e., following evidence-to-decision frameworks). Up to 5,000 words; up to 6 tables or figures; and up to 120 references. Unstructured abstract up to 350 words.

Original Article

Full-length reports of original research, including systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Systematic reviews will be assessed for duplication before being considered for revision. Maximum 3,000 words (excluding abstracts, references, and legends). Structured abstracts up to 350 words and up to 60 references.

Clinical Report (protocol papers and statistical analysis plans)

Articles describing the objectives and experimental design of clinical and epidemiological research studies in critical care medicine. Up to 3,000 words, 60 references (excluding abstract, references, and legends); an unstructured abstract up to 350 words.

Research Letter

Brief research reports usually suited to convey a single, main, message.  Up to 600 words (excluding references and legends), with headings (Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion). Up to 1 figure and/or 1 table, and up to 10 references. Supplemental files are allowed to present additional methods.

Narrative Review

Only after invitation by the editor-in-chief; evidence-based, narrative reviews that offer a tightly focused synthesis of current knowledge regarding a clinical problem or disease. The review will include up to 4,000 words; and unstructured abstract up to 350 words; 5 figures and/or tables; and 80 references.

Viewpoint

After invitation by the editor-in-chief. A viewpoint is a short evidence-based commentary provided by internationally recognized experts, on a topic relating to critical care medicine of up to 1,000 words; 5 authors; only 1 figure or table; and up to 15 references.

Correspondence

Comments or responses to articles recently published in Critical Care Science of up to 500 words (excluding references); up to 5 authors; and up to 5 references. No figures or tables.

Preprints

Manuscripts submitted to preprint repositories will be published only after the peer review process.

The journal assumes that all authors have agreed upon the content of the manuscript, given tacit consent to its submission, and obtained the consent of the responsible authorities of the institute/organization where the study was conducted before submission.

The authors are advised to adhere to the authorship guidelines applicable to their specific field of research. In the absence of specific guidelines, it is recommended that authors whose names appear on the submission have:

Contributed substantially to the conception or design of the work; the collection, analysis or interpretation of data; or the creation of new software used in the work.

Written or revised the work critically regarding the relevant intellectual content.

Approved the version to be published.

Agreed to be responsible for all aspects of the publication to ensure that issues related to the accuracy or completeness of any part of the manuscript are properly investigated and resolved.

There is no need to make this declaration for the use of basic tools for checking grammar, spelling and bibliographical references.

Authorship criteria must be included considering the CREDIT criteria as below:

CRediT Classification:

Conceptualization: Ideas; formulation or evolution of overarching research goals and aims.

Data Curation: Management activities to annotate (produce metadata), scrub data and maintain research data (including software code, where it is necessary for interpreting the data itself) for initial use and later reuse.

Formal Analysis: Application of statistical, mathematical, computational, or other formal techniques to analyze or synthesize study data.

Funding Acquisition: Acquisition of financial support for the project leading to this publication.

Investigation: Conducting research and investigation process, specifically performing the experiments, or data/evidence collection.

Methodology: Development or design of methodology; creation of models.

Project Administration: Management and coordination responsibility for research activity planning and execution.

Resources: Provision of study materials, reagents, materials, patients, laboratory samples, animals, instrumentation, computing resources, or other analysis tools.

Software: Programming, software development; designing computer programs; implementation of the computer code and supporting algorithms; testing of existing code components.

Supervision: Oversight and leadership responsibility for research activity planning and execution, including external mentorship to the core team.

Validation: Verification, whether as a part of the activity or separate, of the overall replication/reproducibility of results/experiments and other research outputs

Visualization: Preparation, creation and/or presentation of the published work, specifically visualization/data presentation.

Writing – Original Draft Preparation: Creation and/or presentation of the published work, specifically writing the initial draft (including substantive translation).

Writing – Review & Editing: Preparation, creation and/or presentation of the published work by those from the original research group, specifically critical review, commentary or revision – including pre- or post-publication stages.

An example of an Authors’ Contribution statement using CRediT with degree of contribution: Pierro Asara: review and editing (equal); Kerys Jones: conceptualization (lead); writing – original draft (lead); formal analysis (lead); writing – review and editing (equal);Elisha Roberto: software (lead); writing – review and editing (equal); Hebei Wang: methodology (lead); writing – review and editing (equal); Jinnie Wu: conceptualization (supporting), Writing – original draft (supporting) and  Writing – review and editing (equal).

Number of authors: There is no limit on the number of authors, as long as they all meet the contribution criteria (CREdiT). In cases of articles where the number of authors is greater than 20 (multicenter studies, for example), the authors must be grouped into a Study Group. At the end of the manuscript text, the name of the group and all its components and institutions will be indicated.

All research, both clinical and experimental, must have been conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (https://www.wma.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/DoH-Oct2008.pdf). 

Authors should always observe the guidelines on Sex and Gender Equity in Research with human participants (SAGER - https://ease.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/EASE-SAGER-Checklist-2022.pdf),  The SAGE comprise a set of guidelines that guide the  reporting on sex and gender in study design, data analysis, and the results and interpretation of findings. 

In order to ensure the integrity and reliability of the results and conclusions presented in manuscripts in which chatbots were used  and to maintain readers' confidence in the findings and advances presented, authors should observe the recommendations of the World Association of Medical Editors on ethical considerations related to the use of these technologies: (WAME - https://wame.org/page3.php?id=106 ). 

When submitting the manuscript, the authors must attach a copy of the Open Science Compliance Form.

Critical Care Science requires a specific format for submission of manuscripts. The requirements include a title page, author names with their affiliations, ORCIDs, and contact information for the corresponding author; abstract in English with its keywords; funding sources, if any; approval by the Institutional Review Board.

All articles must include the following:

Title page: The title page must contain the full title of the article, full names of all authors, institutional affiliation of all authors (only the main affiliation, i.e., the affiliation with the institution where the study was developed), ORCIDs, the corresponding author’s full address for correspondence (including telephone and e-mail), and the source of funding for the project. A “Take-home message” (two sentences) that summarizes how the manuscript adds to current literature must be submitted. This will appear in the final published version of the paper.

Abstracts: Abstracts must be in English. Abstracts are limited to 350 words. The use of abbreviations should be avoided as much as possible. The abstract must be structured (objective, methods, results and conclusion) and accurately reflect the main content of the text. In the case of a brief Clinical Report and Review, a structured abstract is not required. Editorial, Research Letter, Correspondence and Viewpoint don't need an abstract

Keywords: Six terms defining the subject of the work must be provided. The authors should base their approach on the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)of the National Library of Medicines, or in the Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS) of the Virtual Health Library.

Body of text: The articles must be submitted in an MS Word® file, double spaced, including tables, legends and references. In all categories of articles, citations must be numerical, superscripted and sequential (Vancouver style- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7256/.

Acknowledgments: Authors should use this section to recognize possible research funding and support from academic organizations, funding agencies, colleagues and other collaborators who are not part of the authorship.

References: References should be updated, preferably containing the articles published on the subject in the past 5 years. They must not contain articles that are not mentioned in the text, unpublished work or work deposited in prepress repositories. They must be numbered consecutively according to the citation sequence in the text and identified with Arabic numerals. The presentation must follow the Vancouver style format.

Abbreviations: The use of acronyms should be avoided in the title of the article, abstract and titles of tables and figures.

The use of acronyms should be minimized throughout the text. They must be preceded by the full name when mentioned for the first time in the text. Abbreviations, symbols and other meanings of signs must be provided in the footnotes of figures and tables.

The manuscript must include:

Figures and Tables

All figures and tables must be numbered according to the order mentioned in the text. Tables and figures should be inserted after the references, only one on each page, and the figures should preferably be prepared in MS Excel® or editable format in 300 DPI files. They must also have a title. Figures that require higher resolution should be sent in separate files. Figures with text must be provided in open files for translation. If this is not possible, the author must provide a translation.

The quantities, units and symbols used must comply with the rules in force in the country. Figures should have captions explaining the results, allowing for understanding without consulting the text. The legends of tables and figures should be concise but self-explanatory, allowing comprehension without consulting the text. The units must be within the table, and the statistical tests must be indicated in the legend.

Figures that have already been published must be accompanied by the authorization of the author/editor.

The reproduction of figures, graphs, diagrams or tables that do not originally belong to the article must refer to the source.

References should be updated. They must not contain articles that are not mentioned in the text, unpublished work or work deposited in preprint repositories. They must be numbered consecutively according to the citation sequence in the text and identified with Arabic numerals. Please use a reference manager (i.e Zotero, Mendeley or other) to ensure the adequate formatting of references. The presentation must follow the Vancouver Style format, as in the following templates. The titles of journals should be abbreviated according to the National Library of Medicine, available in the  NLM Title Abbreviation (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog/journals).

For all references, cite up to six authors. In the case of more than six authors, mention the first six followed by the expression “et al.”

Printed articles

Emanuel EJ, Persad G, Upshur R, Thome B, Parker M, Glickman A, et al. Fair allocation of scarce medical resources in the time of Covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(21):2049-55.

Zhou F, Yu T, Du R, Fan G, Liu Y, Liu Z, et al. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet. 2020;395(10229):1054-62.

Electronic articles

World Health Organization (WHO). Conceptual framework for the international classification for patient safety version 1.1: final technical report January 2009. Geneva: WHO; 2009 [cited 2022 Dec 12]. Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/7088212

São Paulo. Government of the State of São Paulo. Secretary of State for Health. Clinical Hospital, University of São Paulo School of Medicine. Activity report. Management Result Brightness in the Eyes. Years 2015 and 2016. [cited 2022 Jul 30]. Available in: https://www.hc.fm.usp.br/images/pdf/superintendencia/relatorios/Relatorio_Atividades_2015_2016_1.pdf

Supplements

Chawla R, Dixit SB, Zirpe KG, Chaudhry D, Khilnani GC, Mehta Y, et al. ISCCM Guidelines for the Use of Non-invasive Ventilation in Acute Respiratory Failure in Adult ICUs. Indian J Crit Care Med. 2020;24(Suppl 1):S61-S81.

Books

Hall JE. Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology. 13th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016.

Book chapters

Ricci Z, Romagnoli S. Technical complications of continuous renal replacement therapy. In: Bellomo R, Kellum JA, La Manna G, Ronco C, Editors. 40 years of continuous renal replacement therapy. Contributions to Nephrology. Basel: Karger; 2018. vol. 194, p. 99-108.

Supplementary Materials

The authors may submit materials supporting the manuscript for publication as a Data Supplement to a Critical Care Science manuscript.

Videos, audio files, spreadsheets, and PowerPoint files (as well as other file types) may be included in this section. Additional text, tables (and supporting information), and figures (and supporting information) may also be included.

The supplementary material must be submitted simultaneously with the rest of the manuscript and will undergo peer review and be judged by the same criteria as the rest of the manuscript. The cover sheet of the material being submitted as supplementary material should give only the manuscript title, list the authors (not affiliations), and include the title “Supplementary Material.”

The Editorial Office staff is not responsible for extracting supplementary material from the main manuscript for publication as supplementary material. The information included in the Data Supplement will not be copy edited or proofread by the journal staff.

The figures and tables in the Supplementary Material should be labeled Figure 1S, Table 1S, and so on. To indicate the presence of these items, the author must make a statement in the main manuscript, such as “see Figure 1S in the Supplementary Material.”

File Types: Authors can submit supplementary text (PDF, DOC), images (JPEG, TIFF), datasets (XLS, CSV), and videos (MP4). They also accept audio files for interviews or sound-based data.

File Limits: Each file should be no larger than 10 MB to ensure accessibility, and larger files should be compressed or submitted in smaller segments.

Referencing and Labeling: All supplementary materials must be numbered (e.g., "Supplementary Table 1S" or "Supplementary Figure 3S") and referenced in the corresponding place within the manuscript. A brief description of each file must also be provided.

Utility: The journal stresses that supplementary material should only include data directly relevant to the article's conclusions and accessible for readers who may wish to replicate the study. Therefore, a maximum of 20 pages (including 10 tables and 10 Figures) is warranted

Information on possible sources of funding for the research is required during the submission process, as on the title page of the manuscript.

Authors must submit to the journal:

Cover letter - Must contain a statement attesting that the article is original and that it has not been and is not being submitted for publication in another journal. When applying, authors must declare that the study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB). If necessary, during the peer review process, authors may be asked to send a copy of the IRB approval.

Declaration of conflicts of interest - The conflicts of interest of all authors must be disclosed on the title page. Authors should download the appropriate form download  - https://criticalcarescience.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2025/07/Disclosure-25.06.pdf) and after signing, the corresponding author should upload it during the submission process.

Funding - Information on possible sources of funding for the research is required during the submission process, as on the title page of the manuscript.

Patient information - The written consent signed by the patient(s) or their guardians must be sent in the case of manuscripts that include clinical information or photographs, in which the patients may be individually identified.

Clinical Trials - Submission of the clinicaltrials.gov registration number (NCT) is mandatory.

Critical Care Science 
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Zip code: 04545-100 - São Paulo (SP), Brazil
https://www.amib.org.br/
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E-mail: ccs@amib.org.br