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Presenting your work in well-written English offers the best opportunity for editors and reviewers to understand and evaluate it fairly.
Help with writing in English
If you need help writing in English, you can:
-
Watch our English language tutorial , which addresses common mistakes when writing in English.
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Ask a colleague whose native language is English to review your manuscript and check if it is clear.
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Use a professional language editing service.
Prepare your manuscript: Research Article
Criteria: Research articles should report original primary investigations. Advances in Rheumatology strongly encourages that all datasets on which the work's conclusions are based be made available to readers.
We encourage authors to ensure that their data are deposited in public repositories, presented in the main manuscript, or in additional supplementary files. When there is a consolidated expectation from the research community for data archiving in public repositories, submission to a community-endorsed repository is mandatory.
ORCID: It is mandatory to include the corresponding author's ORCID iD in the manuscript file for indexing purposes in SciELO. We recommend that all co-authors include their ORCIDs. It is the submitting author's responsibility to ensure that the IDs are included before publication.
Manuscript Preparation:
Declarations section with all sub-items.
Title Page
Title: Should include the study design (e.g., "A versus B in the treatment of C: a randomized clinical trial"). For non-clinical studies, a description of what the article reports.
Authors: Full names and institutional addresses of all authors.
AI (LLMs): Language models like ChatGPT do not meet the authorship criteria (since authorship implies responsibility for the work). The use of AI must be documented in the Methods section.
Corresponding Author: Must be clearly indicated.
Summary
Limit of 350 words. Do not use excessive abbreviations or cite references. Clinical trials should follow the CONSORT format.
It must contain:
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Rationale: Context and objective.
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Methods: How the study was conducted and statistical tests used.
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Results: Main findings.
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Conclusions: Brief summary and potential implications.
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Trial Registration Number: Registration number and date for human interventions. If registration occurred after the start of the trial, use the term 'registered retrospectively'.
Keywords
Use 3 to 10 keywords that represent the main content.
Body of the Text
Background (Foundation): Explains the context, objectives, literature review, and contribution of the study.
Methods
The methods section should include:
-
The objective, design, and context of the study.
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The characteristics of the participants or a description of the materials.
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A clear description of all processes, interventions, and comparisons. In general, generic drug names should be used. When trademarks are used in the research, include the brand names in parentheses.
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The type of statistical analysis used, including a power calculation, if appropriate.
Results
This should include the study findings, including, if appropriate, results of statistical analysis, which should be included in the text or as tables and figures.
Discussion
This section should discuss the implications of the findings in the context of existing research and highlight the limitations of the study.
Conclusions
This should clearly state the main conclusions and provide an explanation of the importance and relevance of the reported study.
List of abbreviations
If abbreviations are used in the text, they must be defined in the text upon first use, and a list of abbreviations must be provided.
Statements
All manuscripts must contain the following sections under the heading 'Statements':
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Ethics, approval, and consent to participate.
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Consent for publication
-
Availability of data and materials
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competing interests
-
Financing
-
Authors' contributions
-
Acknowledgments
-
Information about authors (optional)
See below for details on the information to be included in these sections.
If any of the sections are not relevant to your manuscript, please include the title and write 'Not applicable' for that section.
Ethics, approval, and consent to participate.
Manuscripts reporting studies involving human participants, human data, or human tissue should:
-
Include a statement regarding ethics, approval, and consent (even when the need for approval has been waived).
-
Include the name of the ethics committee that approved the study and the committee's reference number, if appropriate.
Studies involving animals should include a statement regarding ethical approval, and for experimental studies involving animals owned by the client, authors should also include a statement regarding informed consent from the client or owner.
See our editorial policies for more information.
If your manuscript does not report or involve the use of any animal or human data or tissue, please indicate "Not applicable" in this section.
Consent for publication
If your manuscript contains data from any individual in any form (including individual details, images, or videos), consent for publication must be obtained from that person or, in the case of children, from their parent or legal guardian. All case report submissions must have consent for publication.
You can use your institutional consent form or our Consent Form . If you prefer, you don't have to send us the form, but we can request to see a copy at any time (including after publication).
Please see our editorial policies for more information regarding publication consent.
If your manuscript does not contain data on any individual, please indicate "Not applicable" in this section.
Availability of data and materials
All manuscripts must include a 'Data and Materials Availability' statement. Data availability statements should include information on where data supporting the results reported in the article can be found, including, where applicable, hyperlinks to publicly archived datasets analyzed or generated during the study. By data, we mean the minimum dataset necessary to interpret, replicate, and build upon the findings reported in the article. We recognize that it is not always possible to share research data publicly, for example, when individual privacy may be compromised, and in such cases the availability of the data should still be stated in the manuscript along with any access conditions.
Authors are also encouraged to preserve search strings in searchRxiv https://searchrxiv.org/ , an archive that supports researchers in consistently reporting, storing, and sharing their searches, as well as allowing them to review and reuse existing searches. searchRxiv allows researchers to obtain a Digital Object Identifier (DOI) for their search, enabling it to be cited.
Data availability instructions can take one of the following forms (or a combination of more than one, if necessary for multiple datasets):
-
The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are available in the repository [NAME], [PERSISTENT LINK TO DATASETS]
-
The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
-
All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article [and its supplementary information files].
-
The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available due to [REASON WHY THE DATA IS NOT PUBLIC], but are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
-
Data sharing is not applicable to this article, as no datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study.
-
The data supporting the conclusions of this study are available at [third party name], but restrictions apply to the availability of this data, which were used under license for the current study and are therefore not publicly available. However, the data are available from the authors upon reasonable request and with permission from [third party name].
-
Not applicable. If your manuscript contains no data, please indicate 'Not applicable' in this section.
More examples of model data availability statements, including examples of open and restricted access datasets, are available here .
BioMed Central strongly encourages citing any publicly available data on which the article's conclusions are based. Data citations should include a persistent identifier (such as a DOI) and ideally should be included in the reference list. Dataset citations, when appearing in the reference list, should include the minimum information recommended by DataCite and follow journal style . Dataset identifiers, including DOIs, should be expressed as full URLs. For example:
Hao Z, AghaKouchak A, Nakhjiri N, Farahmand A. Data sets from the Global Integrated Drought Monitoring and Forecasting System ( GIDMaPS ). FigShare . 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.853801
With the corresponding text in the statement "Availability of data and materials":
The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available in the repository [NAME], [PERSISTENT LINK TO DATASETS]. [Reference number]
If you wish to co-submit a data note describing your data to be published in BMC Research Notes , you can do so by visiting our Submission Portal . Data Note Support DataOpen data and help authors comply with funder policies on data sharing. Co-published data notes will be linked to the research article that the data supports ( Example ).
competing interests
All competing financial and non-financial interests must be declared in this section.
See our editorial policies for a full explanation of competing interests. If you are unsure whether you or any of your co-authors have competing interests, please contact the editorial office.
Please use the authors' initials to refer to each author's competing interests in this section.
If you have no competing interests, please indicate "The authors declare that they have no competing interests" in this section.
Financing
All funding sources for the reported research must be declared. If the funder has a specific role in the conceptualization, design, data collection, analysis, publication decision, or manuscript preparation, this should be stated.
Authors' contributions
Individual author contributions to the manuscript should be specified in this section. Guidelines and criteria for authorship can be found in our editorial policies .
Please use initials to refer to each author's contribution in this section, for example: "FC analyzed and interpreted patient data on hematological disease and transplantation. RH performed the histological examination of the kidney and was a major contributor to the manuscript's writing. All authors read and approved the final manuscript."
Acknowledgments
Please acknowledge anyone who contributed to the article but does not meet the authorship criteria, including anyone who provided professional writing services or materials.
Authors must obtain permission to acknowledge all those mentioned in the Acknowledgments section.
Please refer to our editorial policies for a full explanation of acknowledgments and authorship criteria.
If you have no one to acknowledge, please write "Not applicable" in this section.
Group authorship (for manuscripts involving a collaborative group): If you want the names of individual members of a collaborative group to be searchable in their individual PubMed records, please ensure that the collaborative group title is included on the title page and in the submission system, and include the names of the collaborating authors in the last paragraph of the "Acknowledgments" section. Please add authors in the format First Name, Middle Initial( s ) (optional), Last Name. You may add institution or country information for each author if you wish, but this must be consistent for all authors.
Please note that individual names may not be present in the PubMed record when a published article is initially included in PubMed, as PubMed takes longer to encode this information.
Information from the authors
This section is optional.
You may choose to use this section to include any relevant information about the author(s) that may aid the reader's interpretation of the article and understanding of the author(s)' point of view. This may include details about the authors' qualifications, current positions held in institutions or societies, or any other relevant contextual information. Please refer to the authors using their initials. Note that this section should not be used to describe competing interests.
Footnotes
Footnotes can be used to provide additional information, which may include citing a reference included in the reference list. They should not consist solely of a reference citation, and should never include bibliographic details of a reference. They should also not contain figures or tables.
Footnotes in the text are numbered consecutively; these tables should be indicated by lowercase superscript letters (or asterisks for significance values and other statistical data). Footnotes in the title or authors' names do not receive reference symbols.
Always use footnotes instead of endnotes.
References
Examples of Vancouver style references are shown below.
Please consult our editorial policies for author guidance on best citation practices.
Links and URLs: All web links and URLs, including links to the authors' own websites, should be referenced and included in the reference list, rather than within the manuscript text. They should be provided in full, including both the website title and URL, as well as the access date, in the following format: The Mouse Tumor Biology Database. http://tumor.informatics.jax.org/mtbwi/index.do . Accessed May 20, 2013. If an author or group of authors can be clearly associated with a web link, such as to blogs, then they should be included in the reference.
Example of a reference style:
Article within a journal
Smith, JJ. The world of science. Am J Sci . 1999;36:234-5.
Article within a journal (without page numbers)
Rohrmann S, Overvad K, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Jakobsen MU, Egeberg R, Tjønneland A, et al. Meat consumption and mortality - results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. BMC Medicina. 2013;11:63.
Article within a journal with DOI
Slifka MK, Whitton JL. Clinical implications of dysregulated cytokine production. Dig J Mol Med. 2000; doi:10.1007/s801090000086.
Supplement to an article within a magazine.
Frumin AM, Nussbaum J, Esposito M. Functional asplania : demonstration of splenic activity by bone marrow ultrasound. Blood 1979; 59 Suppl 1:26-32.
A book chapter, or an article within a book.
Wyllie AH, Kerr JFR, Currie AR. Cell death: the importance of apoptosis. In: Bourne GH, Danielli JF, Jeon KW, editors. International Review of Cytology. London: Academic ; 1980. p. 251-306.
Online: First chapter of a series (no volume designation, but with a DOI)
Saito Y, Hyuga H. Rate equation approaches to enantiomeric excess amplification and chiral symmetry breaking. Top Curr Chem . 2007. doi:10.1007/128_2006_108.
Complete book, written
Blenkinsopp A, Paxton P. Symptoms in the pharmacy: a guide to the management of common illnesses. 3rd ed. Oxford: Blackwell Science; 1998.
Online document
Doe J. Subordinate document title. In: The Dictionary of Substances and Their Effects. Royal Chemical Society. 1999. http://www.rsc.org/dose/subordinate document title. Accessed January 15, 1999.
Online database
Healthwise Knowledge Base . U.S. Pharmacopoeia, Rockville . 1998. http://www.healthwise.org. Accessed September 21, 1998.
Supplementary material/private homepage
Doe J. Title of supplementary material. 2000. http://www.privatehomepage.com. Accessed February 22, 2000.
University website
Doe, J: Title of the preprint . http://www.uni-heidelberg.de/mydata.html (1999). Accessed December 25, 1999.
FTP site
Doe, J: HTTP trivial, RFC2169. ftp://ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc2169.txt (1999). Accessed November 12, 1999.
Organization's website
ISSN International Centre: ISSN registration. http://www.issn.org (2006). Accessed February 20, 2007.
Dataset with persistent identifier
Zheng LY, Guo XS, He B, Sun LJ, Peng Y, Dong SS, et al. Genomic data of sweet and grain sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor). GigaScience Database . 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5524/100012 .
Figures, tables and additional files
Consult the General Formatting Guidelines for information on how to format figures, tables, and additional files.
Prepare your manuscript: Review Articles
Criteria
Narrative reviews provide comprehensive and authoritative coverage of a subject area.
The main objectives of the reviews are to provide systematic and substantial coverage of mature topics, assessments of progress in specific areas, and/or critical evaluations of emerging technologies.
Reviews should be approximately 4000 words (including the abstract) with 75 references. Please do not include titles in your abstract. The Editorial Office reserves the right to request a reduction in the length of a review. Please also consult the commissioning letter or contact the Editorial Office for further guidance.
Please note that systematic reviews should be submitted as Research.
Advances in Rheumatology strongly encourages that all datasets on which the article's conclusions are based be made available to readers. We encourage authors to ensure that their datasets are deposited in public repositories (when available and appropriate) or presented in the main manuscript or in additional supporting files whenever possible. Please see Springer Nature's Information on recommended repositories . When there is a widely established expectation from the research community for archiving data in public repositories, submission to a community-endorsed public repository is mandatory. A list of data where deposition is required, with the appropriate repositories, can be found at [link to repository]. Editorial Policies Page .
Please include the corresponding author's ORCID iD in your manuscript file, as required for SciELO indexing. We recommend that all co-authors include an ORCID iD ; it is the submitting author's responsibility to ensure that ORCID iDs are included before publication.
Preparing your manuscript
The information below details the section titles you should include in your manuscript and what information should be in each section.
Please note that your manuscript must include a 'Statements' section with all subheadings (see below for more information).
Title page
The title page should:
-
Provide a title that includes, if appropriate, the study design, for example:
-
"A versus B in the treatment of C: a randomized clinical trial", "X is a risk factor for Y: a case-control study", "What is the impact of factor X on subject Y: a systematic review"
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Or, for non-clinical or non-research studies: a description of what the article reports.
-
List the full names and institutional addresses of all authors.
-
If a collaboration group should be listed as an author, please indicate the group name as the author. If you want the names of the individual group members to be searchable in their individual PubMed records, please include this information in the "Acknowledgments" section according to the instructions below.
-
Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT , currently do not meet our authorship criteria . Notably, an attribution of authorship brings with it responsibility for the work, which cannot be effectively applied to LLMs. The use of an LLM must be properly documented in the Methods section (and, if a Methods section is not available, in a suitable alternative section) of the manuscript.
-
Please indicate the corresponding author.
Summary
The abstract should not exceed 350 words and should be structured with context, main body of the abstract, and a short conclusion. Please minimize the use of abbreviations and do not cite references in the abstract.
Keywords
Three to ten keywords representing the main content of the article.
Context
The Context section should explain the context of the article, its objectives, a summary of a search of existing literature, and the topic under discussion.
Main text
It should contain the body of the article and can also be divided into subsections with short, informative titles.
Conclusions
This should clearly state the main conclusions and include an explanation of their relevance or importance to the field.
List of abbreviations
If abbreviations are used in the text, they must be defined in the text upon first use, and a list of abbreviations must be provided.
Statements
All manuscripts must contain the following sections under the heading 'Statements':
-
Ethics, approval, and consent to participate.
-
Consent for publication
-
Availability of data and materials
-
competing interests
-
Financing
-
Authors' contributions
-
Acknowledgments
-
Information about authors (optional)
See below for details on the information to be included in these sections.
If any of the sections are not relevant to your manuscript, please include the title and write 'Not applicable' for that section.
Ethics, approval, and consent to participate.
Manuscripts reporting studies involving human participants, human data, or human tissue should:
-
Include a statement regarding ethics, approval, and consent (even when the need for approval has been waived).
-
Include the name of the ethics committee that approved the study and the committee's reference number, if appropriate.
Studies involving animals should include a statement regarding ethical approval, and for experimental studies involving animals owned by the client, authors should also include a statement regarding informed consent from the client or owner.
See our editorial policies for more information.
If your manuscript does not report or involve the use of any animal or human data or tissue, please indicate "Not applicable" in this section.
Consent for publication
If your manuscript contains data from any individual in any form (including individual details, images, or videos), consent for publication must be obtained from that person or, in the case of children, from their parent or legal guardian. All case report submissions must have consent for publication.
You can use your institutional consent form or our Consent Form if you prefer. You do not need to send the form to us when submitting the manuscript, but we may request to view a copy at any time (including after publication).
Please see our editorial policies for more information regarding publication consent.
If your manuscript does not contain data on any individual, please indicate "Not applicable" in this section.
Availability of data and materials
All manuscripts must include a 'Data and Materials Availability' statement. Data availability statements should include information on where data supporting the results reported in the article can be found, including, where applicable, hyperlinks to publicly archived datasets analyzed or generated during the study. By data, we mean the minimum dataset necessary to interpret, replicate, and build upon the findings reported in the article. We recognize that it is not always possible to share research data publicly, for example, when individual privacy may be compromised, and in such cases the availability of the data should still be stated in the manuscript along with any access conditions.
Authors are also encouraged to preserve search strings in searchRxiv https://searchrxiv.org/ , an archive that supports researchers in consistently reporting, storing, and sharing their searches, as well as allowing them to review and reuse existing searches. SearchRxiv allows researchers to obtain a Digital Object Identifier (DOI) for their search, enabling it to be cited.
Data availability instructions can take one of the following forms (or a combination of more than one, if necessary for multiple datasets):
-
The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are available in the repository [NAME], [PERSISTENT LINK TO DATASETS]
-
The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
-
All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article [and its supplementary information files].
-
The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available due to [REASON WHY THE DATA IS NOT PUBLIC], but are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
-
Data sharing is not applicable to this article, as no datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study.
-
The data supporting the conclusions of this study are available at [third party name], but restrictions apply to the availability of this data, which were used under license for the current study and are therefore not publicly available. However, the data are available from the authors upon reasonable request and with permission from [third party name].
-
Not applicable. If your manuscript contains no data, please indicate 'Not applicable' in this section.
More examples of model data availability statements, including examples of open and restricted access datasets, are available here .
BioMed Central strongly encourages citing any publicly available data on which the article's conclusions are based. Data citations should include a persistent identifier (such as a DOI) and ideally should be included in the reference list. Dataset citations, when appearing in the reference list, should include the minimum information recommended by DataCite and follow journal style. Dataset identifiers, including DOIs, should be expressed as full URLs. For example:
Hao Z, AghaKouchak A, Nakhjiri N, Farahmand A. Data sets from the Global Integrated Drought Monitoring and Forecasting System ( GIDMaPS ). FigShare . 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.853801
With the corresponding text in the statement "Availability of data and materials":
The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available in the repository [NAME], [PERSISTENT LINK TO DATASETS]. [Reference number]
If you wish to co-submit a data note describing your data to be published in BMC Research Notes , you can do so by visiting our Submission Portal . Data Note Support DataOpen data and help authors comply with funder policies on data sharing. Co-published data notes will be linked to the research article that the data supports ( Example ).
competing interests
All competing financial and non-financial interests must be declared in this section.
See our editorial policies for a full explanation of competing interests. If you are unsure whether you or any of your co-authors have competing interests, please contact the editorial office.
Please use the authors' initials to refer to each author's competing interests in this section.
If you have no competing interests, please indicate "The authors declare that they have no competing interests" in this section.
Financing
All funding sources for the reported research must be declared. If the funder has a specific role in the conceptualization, design, data collection, analysis, publication decision, or manuscript preparation, this should be stated.
Authors' contributions
Individual author contributions to the manuscript should be specified in this section. Guidelines and criteria for authorship can be found in our editorial policies .
Please use initials to refer to each author's contribution in this section, for example: "FC analyzed and interpreted patient data on hematological disease and transplantation. RH performed the histological examination of the kidney and was a major contributor to the manuscript's writing. All authors read and approved the final manuscript."
Acknowledgments
Please acknowledge anyone who contributed to the article but does not meet the authorship criteria, including anyone who provided professional writing services or materials.
Authors must obtain permission to acknowledge all those mentioned in the Acknowledgments section.
Please refer to our editorial policies for a full explanation of acknowledgments and authorship criteria.
If you have no one to acknowledge, please write "Not applicable" in this section.
Group authorship (for manuscripts involving a collaborative group): If you want the names of individual members of a collaborative group to be searchable in their individual PubMed records, please ensure that the collaborative group title is included on the title page and in the submission system, and also include the names of the collaborating authors in the last paragraph of the "Acknowledgments" section. Please add authors in the format First Name, Middle Initials (optional), Last Name. You may add institution or country information for each author if you wish, but this must be consistent for all authors.
Please note that individual names may not be present in the PubMed record at the time a published article is initially included in PubMed, as PubMed takes longer to encode this information.
Information from the authors
This section is optional.
You may choose to use this section to include any relevant information about the author(s) that may aid the reader's interpretation of the article and understanding of the author(s)' point of view. This may include details about the authors' qualifications, current positions held in institutions or societies, or any other relevant contextual information. Please refer to the authors using their initials. Note that this section should not be used to describe competing interests.
Footnotes
Footnotes can be used to provide additional information, which may include citing a reference included in the reference list. They should not consist solely of a reference citation, and should never include bibliographic details of a reference. They should also not contain figures or tables.
Footnotes in the text are numbered consecutively; these tables should be indicated by lowercase superscript letters (or asterisks for significance values and other statistical data). Footnotes in the title or authors' names do not receive reference symbols.
Always use footnotes instead of endnotes.
References
Examples of Vancouver style references are shown below.
Please consult our editorial policies for author guidance on best citation practices.
Links and URLs: All web links and URLs, including links to the authors' own websites, should be referenced and included in the reference list, rather than within the manuscript text. They should be provided in full, including both the website title and URL, as well as the access date, in the following format: The Mouse Tumor Biology Database. http://tumor.informatics.jax.org/mtbwi/index.do . Accessed May 20, 2013. If an author or group of authors can be clearly associated with a web link, such as to blogs, then they should be included in the reference.
Example of a reference style:
Article within a journal
Smith, JJ. The world of science. Am J Sci . 1999;36:234-5.
Article within a journal (without page numbers)
Rohrmann S, Overvad K, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Jakobsen MU, Egeberg R, Tjønneland A, et al. Meat consumption and mortality - results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. BMC Medicina. 2013;11:63.
Article within a journal with DOI
Slifka MK, Whitton JL. Clinical implications of dysregulated cytokine production. Dig J Mol Med. 2000; doi:10.1007/s801090000086.
Supplement to an article within a magazine.
Frumin AM, Nussbaum J, Esposito M. Functional asplania : demonstration of splenic activity by bone marrow ultrasound. Blood 1979; 59 Suppl 1:26-32.
A book chapter, or an article within a book.
Wyllie AH, Kerr JFR, Currie AR. Cell death: the importance of apoptosis. In: Bourne GH, Danielli JF, Jeon KW, editors. International Review of Cytology. London: Academic ; 1980. p. 251-306.
Online: First chapter of a series (no volume designation, but with a DOI)
Saito Y, Hyuga H. Rate equation approaches to enantiomeric excess amplification and chiral symmetry breaking. Top Curr Chem . 2007. doi:10.1007/128_2006_108.
Complete book, written
Blenkinsopp A, Paxton P. Symptoms in the pharmacy: a guide to the management of common illnesses. 3rd ed. Oxford: Blackwell Science; 1998.
Online document
Doe J. Subordinate document title. In: The Dictionary of Substances and Their Effects. Royal Chemical Society. 1999. http://www.rsc.org/dose/subordinate document title. Accessed January 15, 1999.
Online database
Healthwise Knowledge Base . U.S. Pharmacopoeia, Rockville . 1998. http://www.healthwise.org. Accessed September 21, 1998.
Supplementary material/private homepage
Doe J. Title of supplementary material. 2000. http://www.privatehomepage.com. Accessed February 22, 2000.
University website
Doe, J: Title of the preprint . http://www.uni-heidelberg.de/mydata.html (1999). Accessed December 25, 1999.
FTP site
Doe, J: HTTP trivial, RFC2169. ftp://ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc2169.txt (1999). Accessed November 12, 1999.
Organization's website
ISSN International Centre: ISSN registration. http://www.issn.org (2006). Accessed February 20, 2007.
Dataset with persistent identifier
Zheng LY, Guo XS, He B, Sun LJ, Peng Y, Dong SS, et al. Genomic data of sweet and grain sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor). GigaScience Database . 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5524/100012 .
Figures, tables and additional files
Consult the General Formatting Guidelines for information on how to format figures, tables, and additional files.
Prepare your manuscript: Position paper and guidelines
Criteria
These articles highlight current or evolving clinical practice guidelines and consensus statements, as well as providing guidance to improve clinical decision-making in the field of rheumatology.
Please include the corresponding author's ORCID iD in your manuscript file, as required for SciELO indexing. We recommend that all co-authors include an ORCID iD ; it is the submitting author's responsibility to ensure that ORCID iDs are included before publication.
Preparing your manuscript
The information below details the appropriate section titles for manuscripts and the information that should be included in each section.
In the case of extensive contributions from authors as part of a group of equally contributing authors, a group statement may be used in place of, and/or in addition to, initials.
-
For example: "All authors provided critical review, relevant edits, and feedback to guide the content during multiple rounds of review. Furthermore, all authors read and approved the final version of this manuscript." All authors should still be listed independently in the author list/acknowledgments. (More details below in the 'Author Contributions' section.)
Please note that your manuscript must include a 'Statements' section with all subheadings (see below for more information).
Title page
The title page should:
-
Provide a title that includes, if appropriate, the scientific field under consideration and the group that developed the consensus, for example:
-
"Consensus statement of the Cancer Immunotherapy Society on immunotherapy for the treatment of prostate cancer"
-
List the full names, institutional addresses, and email addresses of all authors.
-
If a collaborative group is listed as an author, please indicate the group name as the author (e.g., Drs. A, B, and C, on behalf of Committee XYZ). If you want the names of individual group members to be searchable in their individual PubMed records, please include this information in the "Acknowledgments" section according to the instructions below.
-
Please indicate the corresponding author.
Summary
The abstract should not exceed 350 words and should be structured with context, the main body of the abstract, and a short conclusion. Please minimize the use of abbreviations and do not cite references.
Keywords
Three to ten keywords representing the main content of the article.
Context
The Context section should explain the context of the article, its objectives, a summary of the existing literature, and the topic under discussion.
Methods
The methods section should include:
-
A clear description of all recommendation and comparison processes. Generic drug names should generally be used. When proprietary brands are used in research, include the brand names in parentheses.
-
the type of statistical analysis used, including a power calculation, if appropriate.
-
Scale for reviewing literature
-
Procedure for Managing Conflicts of Interest
-
the characteristics of the participants or a description of the materials
Recommendations
This section contains the body of the article and should be divided into subsections with short, informative titles, such as the following:
-
Questions to Explore
-
Literature review and analysis
-
Recommendations
Conclusions
This should clearly state the main conclusions and include an explanation of their relevance or importance to the field. Additionally, it should provide a brief statement acknowledging the potential future implications of the consensus topic.
List of abbreviations
If abbreviations are used in the text, they must be defined in the text upon first use, and a list of abbreviations must be provided.
Statements
All manuscripts must contain the following sections under the heading 'Statements':
-
Ethics, approval, and consent to participate.
-
Consent for publication
-
Availability of data and materials
-
competing interests
-
Financing
-
Authors' contributions
-
Acknowledgments
-
Information about authors (optional)
See below for details on the information to be included in these sections.
If any of the sections are not relevant to your manuscript, please include the title and write 'Not applicable' for that section.
Ethics, approval, and consent to participate.
Manuscripts reporting studies involving human participants, human data, or human tissue should:
-
Include a statement regarding ethics, approval, and consent (even when the need for approval has been waived).
-
Include the name of the ethics committee that approved the study and the committee's reference number, if appropriate.
Studies involving animals should include a statement regarding ethical approval, and for experimental studies involving animals owned by the client, authors should also include a statement regarding informed consent from the client or owner.
See our editorial policies for more information.
If your manuscript does not report or involve the use of any animal or human data or tissue, please indicate "Not applicable" in this section.
Consent for publication
If your manuscript contains data from any individual in any form (including individual details, images, or videos), consent for publication must be obtained from that person or, in the case of children, from their parent or legal guardian. All case report submissions must have consent for publication.
You can use your institutional consent form or our Consent Form , if you prefer. You don't have to send the form to us, but we can request to see a copy at any time (including after publication).
Please see our editorial policies for more information regarding publication consent.
If your manuscript does not contain data on any individual, please indicate "Not applicable" in this section.
Availability of data and materials
All manuscripts must include a 'Data and Materials Availability' statement. Data availability statements should include information on where data supporting the results reported in the article can be found, including, where applicable, hyperlinks to publicly archived datasets analyzed or generated during the study. By data, we mean the minimum dataset necessary to interpret, replicate, and build upon the findings reported in the article. We recognize that it is not always possible to share research data publicly, for example, when individual privacy may be compromised, and in such cases the availability of the data should still be stated in the manuscript along with any access conditions.
Authors are also encouraged to preserve search strings in searchRxiv https://searchrxiv.org/ , an archive that supports researchers in consistently reporting, storing, and sharing their searches, as well as allowing them to review and reuse existing searches. SearchRxiv allows researchers to obtain a Digital Object Identifier (DOI) for their search, enabling it to be cited.
Data availability instructions can take one of the following forms (or a combination of more than one, if necessary for multiple datasets):
-
The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are available in the repository [NAME], [PERSISTENT LINK TO DATASETS]
-
The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
-
All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article [and its supplementary information files].
-
The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available due to [REASON WHY THE DATA IS NOT PUBLIC], but are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
-
Data sharing is not applicable to this article, as no datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study.
-
The data supporting the conclusions of this study are available at [third party name], but restrictions apply to the availability of this data, which were used under license for the current study and are therefore not publicly available. However, the data are available from the authors upon reasonable request and with permission from [third party name].
-
Not applicable. If your manuscript contains no data, please indicate 'Not applicable' in this section.
More examples of model data availability statements, including examples of open and restricted access datasets, are available here .
BioMed Central strongly encourages citing any publicly available data on which the manuscript's conclusions are based. Data citations should include a persistent identifier (such as a DOI) and ideally should be included in the reference list. Dataset citations, when appearing in the reference list, should include the minimum information recommended by DataCite and follow journal style. Dataset identifiers, including DOIs, should be expressed as full URLs.
For example:
Hao Z, AghaKouchak A, Nakhjiri N, Farahmand A. Data sets from the Global Integrated Drought Monitoring and Forecasting System ( GIDMaPS ). FigShare . 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.853801
With the corresponding text in the statement "Availability of data and materials":
The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available in the repository [NAME], [PERSISTENT LINK TO DATASETS]. [Reference number]
If you wish to co-submit a data note describing your data to be published in BMC Research Notes , you can do so by visiting our Submission Portal . Data Note Support DataOpen data and help authors comply with funder policies on data sharing. Co-published data notes will be linked to the research article that the data supports ( Example ).
competing interests
All competing financial and non-financial interests must be declared in this section.
See our editorial policies for a full explanation of competing interests. If you are unsure whether you or any of your co-authors have competing interests, please contact the editorial office.
Please use the authors' initials to refer to each author's competing interests in this section.
If you have no competing interests, please indicate "The authors declare that they have no competing interests" in this section.
Financing
All funding sources for the reported research must be declared. If the funder has a specific role in the conceptualization, design, data collection, analysis, publication decision, or manuscript preparation, this should be stated.
Authors' contributions
Individual author contributions to the manuscript should be specified in this section. Guidelines and criteria for authorship can be found in our editorial policies .
Please use initials to refer to each author's contribution in this section, for example: "FC analyzed and interpreted patient data on hematological disease and transplantation. RH performed the histological examination of the kidney and was a major contributor to the manuscript's writing. All authors read and approved the final manuscript."
Acknowledgments
Please acknowledge anyone who contributed to the article but does not meet the authorship criteria, including anyone who provided professional writing services or materials.
Authors must obtain permission to acknowledge all those mentioned in the Acknowledgments section.
Please refer to our editorial policies for a full explanation of acknowledgments and authorship criteria.
If you have no one to acknowledge, please write "Not applicable" in this section.
Group authorship (for manuscripts involving a collaborative group): If you want the names of individual members of a collaborative group to be searchable in their individual PubMed records, please ensure that the collaborative group title is included on the title page and in the submission system, and also include the names of the collaborating authors in the last paragraph of the "Acknowledgments" section. Please add authors in the format First Name, Middle Initials (optional), Last Name. You may add institution or country information for each author if you wish, but this must be consistent for all authors.
Please note that individual names may not be present in the PubMed record at the time a published article is initially included in PubMed, as PubMed takes longer to encode this information.
Information from the authors
This section is optional.
You may choose to use this section to include any relevant information about the author(s) that may aid the reader's interpretation of the article and understanding of the author(s)' point of view. This may include details about the authors' qualifications, current positions held in institutions or societies, or any other relevant contextual information. Please refer to the authors using their initials. Note that this section should not be used to describe competing interests.
Footnotes
Footnotes can be used to provide additional information, which may include citing a reference included in the reference list. They should not consist solely of a reference citation, and should never include bibliographic details of a reference. They should also not contain figures or tables.
Footnotes in the text are numbered consecutively; these tables should be indicated by lowercase superscript letters (or asterisks for significance values and other statistical data). Footnotes in the title or authors' names do not receive reference symbols.
Always use footnotes instead of endnotes.
References
Examples of Vancouver style references are shown below.
Please consult our editorial policies for author guidance on best citation practices.
Links and URLs: All web links and URLs, including links to the authors' own websites, should be referenced and included in the reference list, rather than within the manuscript text. They should be provided in full, including both the website title and URL, as well as the access date, in the following format: The Mouse Tumor Biology Database. http://tumor.informatics.jax.org/mtbwi/index.do . Accessed May 20, 2013. If an author or group of authors can be clearly associated with a web link, such as to blogs, then they should be included in the reference.
Example of a reference style:
Article within a journal
Smith, JJ. The world of science. Am J Sci . 1999;36:234-5.
Article within a journal (without page numbers)
Rohrmann S, Overvad K, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Jakobsen MU, Egeberg R, Tjønneland A, et al. Meat consumption and mortality - results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. BMC Medicina. 2013;11:63.
Article within a journal with a DOI.
Slifka MK, Whitton JL. Clinical implications of dysregulated cytokine production. Dig J Mol Med. 2000; doi:10.1007/s801090000086.
Supplement to an article within a magazine.
Frumin AM, Nussbaum J, Esposito M. Functional asplania : demonstration of splenic activity by bone marrow ultrasound. Blood 1979; 59 Suppl 1:26-32.
A book chapter, or an article within a book.
Wyllie AH, Kerr JFR, Currie AR. Cell death: the importance of apoptosis. In: Bourne GH, Danielli JF, Jeon KW, editors. International Review of Cytology. London: Academic ; 1980. p. 251-306.
Online: First chapter of a series (no volume designation, but with a DOI)
Saito Y, Hyuga H. Rate equation approaches to enantiomeric excess amplification and chiral symmetry breaking. Top Curr Chem . 2007. doi:10.1007/128_2006_108.
Complete book, written
Blenkinsopp A, Paxton P. Symptoms in the pharmacy: a guide to the management of common illnesses. 3rd ed. Oxford: Blackwell Science; 1998.
Online document
Doe J. Subordinate document title. In: The Dictionary of Substances and Their Effects. Royal Chemical Society. 1999. http://www.rsc.org/dose/subordinate document title. Accessed January 15, 1999.
Online database
Healthwise Knowledge Base . U.S. Pharmacopoeia, Rockville . 1998. http://www.healthwise.org. Accessed September 21, 1998.
Supplementary material/private homepage
Doe J. Title of supplementary material. 2000. http://www.privatehomepage.com. Accessed February 22, 2000.
University website
Doe, J: Title of the preprint . http://www.uni-heidelberg.de/mydata.html (1999). Accessed December 25, 1999.
FTP site
Doe, J: HTTP trivial, RFC2169. ftp://ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc2169.txt (1999). Accessed November 12, 1999.
Organization's website
ISSN International Centre: ISSN registration. http://www.issn.org (2006). Accessed February 20, 2007.
Dataset with persistent identifier
Zheng LY, Guo XS, He B, Sun LJ, Peng Y, Dong SS, et al. Genomic data of sweet and grain sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor). GigaScience Database . 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5524/100012 .
Figures, tables and additional files
Consult the General Formatting Guidelines for information on how to format figures, tables, and additional files.
Prepare your manuscript: Correspondence
Criteria
A letter to the editor generally takes one of the following forms:
-
A substantial reanalysis of an article previously published in Advances in Rheumatology or another journal.
-
An article that addresses topics of general interest to the broad audience of Advances in Rheumatology.
Correspondence to the Editor may be edited for clarity or length and may be subject to peer review at the editors' discretion.
Correspondence submitted to Advances in Rheumatology may be up to 400 words with 5 or fewer references.
Please note that the Correspondence section does not require keywords or an abstract.
Please include the corresponding author's ORCID iD in your manuscript file, as required for SciELO indexing. We recommend that all co-authors include an ORCID iD ; it is the submitting author's responsibility to ensure that ORCID iDs are included before publication.
Preparing your manuscript
The information below details the section titles you should include in your manuscript and what information should be in each section.
Please note that your manuscript must include a 'Statements' section with all subheadings (see below for more information).
Title page
The title page should:
-
Provide a title that includes, if appropriate, the study design, for example:
-
"A versus B in the treatment of C: a randomized clinical trial", "X is a risk factor for Y: a case-control study", "What is the impact of factor X on subject Y: a systematic review"
-
Or, for non-clinical or non-research studies: a description of what the article reports.
-
List the full names and institutional addresses of all authors.
-
If a collaboration group should be listed as an author, please indicate the group name as the author. If you want the names of individual group members to be searchable in their individual PubMed records, please include this information in the "Acknowledgments" section according to the instructions below.
-
Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT , currently do not meet our authorship criteria . Notably, an attribution of authorship brings with it responsibility for the work, which cannot be effectively applied to LLMs. The use of an LLM must be properly documented in the Methods section (and, if a Methods section is not available, in a suitable alternative section) of the manuscript.
-
Please indicate the corresponding author.
Summary
Please minimize the use of abbreviations and do not cite references in the abstract. The abstract should briefly summarize the objective, conclusions, or purpose of the article. The abstract should not exceed 250 words.
Keywords
Three to ten keywords representing the main content of the article.
Main text
It should contain the body of the article and can also be divided into subsections with short, informative titles.
List of abbreviations
If abbreviations are used in the text, they must be defined in the text upon first use, and a list of abbreviations must be provided.
Statements
All manuscripts must contain the following sections under the heading 'Statements':
-
Ethics, approval, and consent to participate.
-
Consent for publication
-
Availability of data and materials
-
competing interests
-
Financing
-
Authors' contributions
-
Acknowledgments
-
Information about authors (optional)
See below for details on the information to be included in these sections.
If any of the sections are not relevant to your manuscript, please include the title and write 'Not applicable' for that section.
Ethics, approval, and consent to participate.
Manuscripts reporting studies involving human participants, human data, or human tissue should:
-
Include a statement regarding ethics, approval, and consent (even when the need for approval has been waived).
-
Include the name of the ethics committee that approved the study and the committee's reference number, if appropriate.
Studies involving animals should include a statement regarding ethical approval, and for experimental studies involving animals owned by the client, authors should also include a statement regarding informed consent from the client or owner.
See our editorial policies for more information.
If your manuscript does not report or involve the use of any animal or human data or tissue, please indicate "Not applicable" in this section.
Consent for publication
If your manuscript contains data from any individual in any form (including individual details, images, or videos), consent for publication must be obtained from that person or, in the case of children, from their parent or legal guardian. All case report submissions must have consent for publication.
You can use your institutional consent form or our Consent Form , if you prefer. You don't have to send the form to us, but we can request to see a copy at any time (including after publication).
Please see our editorial policies for more information regarding publication consent.
If your manuscript does not contain data on any individual, please indicate "Not applicable" in this section.
Availability of data and materials
All manuscripts must include a 'Data and Materials Availability' statement. Data availability statements should include information on where data supporting the results reported in the article can be found, including, where applicable, hyperlinks to publicly archived datasets analyzed or generated during the study. By data, we mean the minimum dataset necessary to interpret, replicate, and build upon the findings reported in the article. We recognize that it is not always possible to share research data publicly, for example, when individual privacy may be compromised, and in such cases the availability of the data should still be stated in the manuscript along with any access conditions.
Authors are also encouraged to preserve search strings in searchRxiv https://searchrxiv.org/ , an archive that supports researchers in consistently reporting, storing, and sharing their searches, as well as allowing them to review and reuse existing searches. searchRxiv allows researchers to obtain a Digital Object Identifier (DOI) for their search, enabling it to be cited.
Data availability instructions can take one of the following forms (or a combination of more than one, if necessary for multiple datasets):
-
The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are available in the repository [NAME], [PERSISTENT LINK TO DATASETS]
-
The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
-
All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article [and its supplementary information files].
-
The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available due to [REASON WHY THE DATA IS NOT PUBLIC], but are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
-
Data sharing is not applicable to this article, as no datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study.
-
The data supporting the conclusions of this study are available at [third party name], but restrictions apply to the availability of this data, which were used under license for the current study and are therefore not publicly available. However, the data are available from the authors upon reasonable request and with permission from [third party name].
-
Not applicable. If your manuscript contains no data, please indicate 'Not applicable' in this section.
More examples of model data availability statements, including examples of open and restricted access datasets, are available here .
BioMed Central strongly encourages citing any publicly available data on which the article's conclusions are based. Data citations should include a persistent identifier (such as a DOI) and ideally should be included in the reference list. Dataset citations, when appearing in the reference list, should include the minimum information recommended by DataCite and follow journal style. Dataset identifiers, including DOIs, should be expressed as full URLs. For example:
Hao Z, AghaKouchak A, Nakhjiri N, Farahmand A. Data sets from the Global Integrated Drought Monitoring and Forecasting System ( GIDMaPS ). FigShare . 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.853801
With the corresponding text in the statement "Availability of data and materials":
The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available in the repository [NAME], [PERSISTENT LINK TO DATASETS]. [Reference number]
If you wish to co-submit a data note describing your data to be published in BMC Research Notes , you can do so by visiting our Submission Portal . Data Note Support DataOpen data and help authors comply with funder policies on data sharing . Co-published data notes will be linked to the research article that the data supports ( Example ).
competing interests
All competing financial and non-financial interests must be declared in this section.
See our editorial policies for a full explanation of competing interests. If you are unsure whether you or any of your co-authors have competing interests, please contact the editorial office.
Please use the authors' initials to refer to each author's competing interests in this section.
If you have no competing interests, please indicate "The authors declare that they have no competing interests" in this section.
Financing
All funding sources for the reported research must be declared. If the funder has a specific role in the conceptualization, design, data collection, analysis, publication decision, or manuscript preparation, this should be stated.
Authors' contributions
Individual author contributions to the manuscript should be specified in this section. Guidelines and criteria for authorship can be found in our editorial policies .
Please use initials to refer to each author's contribution in this section, for example: "FC analyzed and interpreted patient data on hematological disease and transplantation. RH performed the histological examination of the kidney and was a major contributor to the manuscript's writing. All authors read and approved the final manuscript."
Acknowledgments
Please acknowledge anyone who contributed to the article but does not meet the authorship criteria, including anyone who provided professional writing services or materials.
Authors must obtain permission to acknowledge all those mentioned in the Acknowledgments section.
Please refer to our editorial policies for a full explanation of acknowledgments and authorship criteria.
If you have no one to acknowledge, please write "Not applicable" in this section.
Group authorship (for manuscripts involving a collaborative group): If you want the names of individual members of a collaborative group to be searchable in their individual PubMed records, please ensure that the collaborative group title is included on the title page and in the submission system, and also include the names of the collaborating authors in the last paragraph of the "Acknowledgments" section. Please add authors in the format First Name, Middle Initials (optional), Last Name. You may add institution or country information for each author if you wish, but this must be consistent for all authors.
Please note that individual names may not be present in the PubMed record at the time a published article is initially included in PubMed, as PubMed takes longer to encode this information.
Information from the authors
This section is optional.
You may choose to use this section to include any relevant information about the author(s) that may aid the reader's interpretation of the article and understanding of the author(s)' point of view. This may include details about the authors' qualifications, current positions held in institutions or societies, or any other relevant contextual information. Please refer to the authors using their initials. Note that this section should not be used to describe competing interests.
Footnotes
Footnotes can be used to provide additional information, which may include citing a reference included in the reference list. They should not consist solely of a reference citation, and should never include bibliographic details of a reference. They should also not contain figures or tables.
Footnotes in the text are numbered consecutively; these tables should be indicated by lowercase superscript letters (or asterisks for significance values and other statistical data). Footnotes in the title or authors' names do not receive reference symbols.
Always use footnotes instead of endnotes.
References
Examples of Vancouver style references are shown below.
Please consult our editorial policies for author guidance on best citation practices.
Links and URLs: All web links and URLs, including links to the authors' own websites, should be referenced and included in the reference list, rather than within the manuscript text. They should be provided in full, including both the website title and URL, as well as the access date, in the following format: The Mouse Tumor Biology Database. http://tumor.informatics.jax.org/mtbwi/index.do . Accessed May 20, 2013. If an author or group of authors can be clearly associated with a web link, such as to blogs, then they should be included in the reference.
Example of a reference style:
Article within a journal
Smith, JJ. The world of science. Am J Sci . 1999;36:234-5.
Article within a journal (without page numbers)
Rohrmann S, Overvad K, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Jakobsen MU, Egeberg R, Tjønneland A, et al. Meat consumption and mortality - results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. BMC Medicina. 2013;11:63.
Article within a journal with a DOI.
Slifka MK, Whitton JL. Clinical implications of dysregulated cytokine production. Dig J Mol Med. 2000; doi:10.1007/s801090000086.
Supplement to an article within a magazine.
Frumin AM, Nussbaum J, Esposito M. Functional asplania : demonstration of splenic activity by bone marrow ultrasound. Blood 1979; 59 Suppl 1:26-32.
A book chapter, or an article within a book.
Wyllie AH, Kerr JFR, Currie AR. Cell death: the importance of apoptosis. In: Bourne GH, Danielli JF, Jeon KW, editors. International Review of Cytology. London: Academic ; 1980. p. 251-306.
Online: First chapter of a series (no volume designation, but with a DOI)
Saito Y, Hyuga H. Rate equation approaches to enantiomeric excess amplification and chiral symmetry breaking. Top Curr Chem . 2007. doi:10.1007/128_2006_108.
Complete book, written
Blenkinsopp A, Paxton P. Symptoms in the pharmacy: a guide to the management of common illnesses. 3rd ed. Oxford: Blackwell Science; 1998.
Online document
Doe J. Subordinate document title. In: The Dictionary of Substances and Their Effects. Royal Chemical Society. 1999. http://www.rsc.org/dose/subordinate document title. Accessed January 15, 1999.
Online database
Healthwise Knowledge Base . U.S. Pharmacopoeia, Rockville . 1998. http://www.healthwise.org. Accessed September 21, 1998.
Supplementary material/private homepage
Doe J. Title of supplementary material. 2000. http://www.privatehomepage.com. Accessed February 22, 2000.
University website
Doe, J: Title of the preprint . http://www.uni-heidelberg.de/mydata.html (1999). Accessed December 25, 1999.
FTP site
Doe, J: HTTP trivial, RFC2169. ftp://ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc2169.txt (1999). Accessed November 12, 1999.
Organization's website
ISSN International Centre: ISSN registration. http://www.issn.org (2006). Accessed February 20, 2007.
Dataset with persistent identifier
Zheng LY, Guo XS, He B, Sun LJ, Peng Y, Dong SS, et al. Genomic data of sweet and grain sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor). GigaScience Database . 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5524/100012 .
Figures, tables and additional files
Consult the General Formatting Guidelines for information on how to format figures, tables, and additional files.
Prepare your manuscript: Editorial
Editorials address relevant issues, changes, or news related to the journal and its management or editorial policies. They are typically written by staff members and the Editorial Board.
Editorials are also commissioned in response to articles published in Advances in Rheumatology . In this case, the editorial should be a short, opinion-based article that discusses the research paper and places it in a broader context, taking into account any recent developments in the field.
Editorials can be up to 1000 words long with a maximum of 10 references, the first of which is the article being discussed.
Please note that editorials do not require keywords or an abstract.
Please include the corresponding author's ORCID iD in your manuscript file, as required for SciELO indexing. We recommend that all co-authors include an ORCID iD ; it is the submitting author's responsibility to ensure that ORCID iDs are included before publication.
Preparing your manuscript
The information below details the section titles you should include in your manuscript and what information should be in each section.
Please note that your manuscript must include a 'Statements' section with all subheadings (see below for more information).
Title page
The title page should:
-
Provide a title that includes, if appropriate, the study design, for example:
-
"A versus B in the treatment of C: a randomized clinical trial", "X is a risk factor for Y: a case-control study", "What is the impact of factor X on subject Y: a systematic review"
-
Or, for non-clinical or non-research studies: a description of what the article reports.
-
List the full names and institutional addresses of all authors.
-
If a collaboration group should be listed as an author, please indicate the group name as the author. If you want the names of individual group members to be searchable in their individual PubMed records, please include this information in the "Acknowledgments" section according to the instructions below.
-
Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT , currently do not meet our authorship criteria . Notably, an attribution of authorship brings with it responsibility for the work, which cannot be effectively applied to LLMs. The use of an LLM must be properly documented in the Methods section (and, if a Methods section is not available, in a suitable alternative section) of the manuscript.
-
Please indicate the corresponding author.
Summary
Please minimize the use of abbreviations and do not cite references in the abstract. The abstract should briefly summarize the objective, conclusions, or purpose of the article. The abstract should not exceed 250 words.
Keywords
Three to ten keywords representing the main content of the article.
Main text
It should contain the body of the article and can be divided into subsections with short, informative titles.
List of abbreviations
If abbreviations are used in the text, they must be defined in the text upon first use, and a list of abbreviations must be provided.
Statements
All manuscripts must contain the following sections under the heading 'Statements':
-
Ethics, approval, and consent to participate.
-
Consent for publication
-
Availability of data and materials
-
competing interests
-
Financing
-
Authors' contributions
-
Acknowledgments
-
Information about authors (optional)
See below for details on the information to be included in these sections.
If any of the sections are not relevant to your manuscript, please include the title and write 'Not applicable' for that section.
Ethics, approval, and consent to participate.
Manuscripts reporting studies involving human participants, human data, or human tissue should:
-
Include a statement regarding ethics, approval, and consent (even when the need for approval has been waived).
-
Include the name of the ethics committee that approved the study and the committee's reference number, if appropriate.
Studies involving animals should include a statement regarding ethical approval, and for experimental studies involving animals owned by the client, authors should also include a statement regarding informed consent from the client or owner.
See our editorial policies for more information.
If your manuscript does not report or involve the use of any animal or human data or tissue, please indicate "Not applicable" in this section.
Consent for publication
If your manuscript contains data from any individual in any form (including individual details, images, or videos), consent for publication must be obtained from that person or, in the case of children, from their parent or legal guardian. All case report submissions must have consent for publication.
You can use your institutional consent form or ours. Consent form , if you prefer. You do not have to send the form to us, but we may request to view a copy at any time (including after publication).
Please see our editorial policies for more information regarding publication consent.
If your manuscript does not contain data on any individual, please indicate "Not applicable" in this section.
Availability of data and materials
All manuscripts must include a 'Data and Materials Availability' statement. Data availability statements should include information on where data supporting the results reported in the article can be found, including, where applicable, hyperlinks to publicly archived datasets analyzed or generated during the study. By data, we mean the minimum dataset necessary to interpret, replicate, and build upon the findings reported in the article. We recognize that it is not always possible to share research data publicly, for example, when individual privacy may be compromised, and in such cases the availability of the data should still be stated in the manuscript along with any access conditions.
Authors are also encouraged to preserve search strings in searchRxiv https://searchrxiv.org/ , an archive that supports researchers in consistently reporting, storing, and sharing their searches, as well as allowing them to review and reuse existing searches. searchRxiv allows researchers to obtain a Digital Object Identifier (DOI) for their search, enabling it to be cited.
Data availability instructions can take one of the following forms (or a combination of more than one, if necessary for multiple datasets):
-
The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are available in the repository [NAME], [PERSISTENT LINK TO DATASETS]
-
The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
-
All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article [and its supplementary information files].
-
The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available due to [REASON WHY THE DATA IS NOT PUBLIC], but are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
-
Data sharing is not applicable to this article, as no datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study.
-
The data supporting the conclusions of this study are available at [third party name], but restrictions apply to the availability of this data, which were used under license for the current study and are therefore not publicly available. However, the data are available from the authors upon reasonable request and with permission from [third party name].
-
Not applicable. If your manuscript contains no data, please indicate 'Not applicable' in this section.
More examples of model data availability statements, including examples of open and restricted access datasets, are available here .
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For example:
Hao Z, AghaKouchak A, Nakhjiri N, Farahmand A. Data sets from the Global Integrated Drought Monitoring and Forecasting System ( GIDMaPS ). FigShare . 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.853801
With the corresponding text in the statement "Availability of data and materials":
The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available in the repository [NAME], [PERSISTENT LINK TO DATASETS]. [Reference number]
If you wish to co-submit a data note describing your data to be published in BMC Research Notes , you can do so by visiting our Submission Portal . Data Note Support DataOpen data and help authors comply with funder policies on data sharing. Co-published data notes will be linked to the research article that the data supports ( Example ).
competing interests
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Financing
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References
Examples of Vancouver style references are shown below.
Please consult our editorial policies for author guidance on best citation practices.
Links and URLs: All web links and URLs, including links to the authors' own websites, should be referenced and included in the reference list, rather than within the manuscript text. They should be provided in full, including both the website title and URL, as well as the access date, in the following format: The Mouse Tumor Biology Database. http://tumor.informatics.jax.org/mtbwi/index.do . Accessed May 20, 2013. If an author or group of authors can be clearly associated with a web link, such as to blogs, then they should be included in the reference.
Example of a reference style:
Article within a journal
Smith, JJ. The world of science. Am J Sci . 1999;36:234-5.
Article within a journal (without page numbers)
Rohrmann S, Overvad K, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Jakobsen MU, Egeberg R, Tjønneland A, et al. Meat consumption and mortality - results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. BMC Medicina. 2013;11:63.
Article within a journal with DOI
Slifka MK, Whitton JL. Clinical implications of dysregulated cytokine production. Dig J Mol Med. 2000; doi:10.1007/s801090000086.
Supplement to an article within a magazine.
Frumin AM, Nussbaum J, Esposito M. Functional asplania : demonstration of splenic activity by bone marrow ultrasound. Blood 1979; 59 Suppl 1:26-32.
A book chapter, or an article within a book.
Wyllie AH, Kerr JFR, Currie AR. Cell death: the importance of apoptosis. In: Bourne GH, Danielli JF, Jeon KW, editors. International Review of Cytology. London: Academic ; 1980. p. 251-306.
Online: First chapter of a series (no volume designation, but with a DOI)
Saito Y, Hyuga H. Rate equation approaches to enantiomeric excess amplification and chiral symmetry breaking. Top Curr Chem . 2007. doi:10.1007/128_2006_108.
Complete book, written
Blenkinsopp A, Paxton P. Symptoms in the pharmacy: a guide to the management of common illnesses. 3rd ed. Oxford: Blackwell Science; 1998.
Online document
Doe J. Subordinate document title. In: The Dictionary of Substances and Their Effects. Royal Chemical Society. 1999. http://www.rsc.org/dose/subordinate document title. Accessed January 15, 1999.
Online database
Healthwise Knowledge Base . U.S. Pharmacopoeia, Rockville . 1998. http://www.healthwise.org. Accessed September 21, 1998.
Supplementary material/private homepage
Doe J. Title of supplementary material. 2000. http://www.privatehomepage.com. Accessed February 22, 2000.
University website
Doe, J: Title of the preprint . http://www.uni-heidelberg.de/mydata.html (1999). Accessed December 25, 1999.
FTP site
Doe, J: HTTP trivial, RFC2169. ftp://ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc2169.txt (1999). Accessed November 12, 1999.
Organization's website
ISSN International Centre: ISSN registration. http://www.issn.org (2006). Accessed February 20, 2007.
Dataset with persistent identifier
Zheng LY, Guo XS, He B, Sun LJ, Peng Y, Dong SS, et al. Genomic data of sweet and grain sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor). GigaScience Database . 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5524/100012 .
Figures, tables and additional files
Consult the General Formatting Guidelines for information on how to format figures, tables, and additional files.
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Advances in Rheumatology
