Resumen en Inglés:

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Understanding the lingering effects of child abuse may improve healthcare pathways with preventive and supportive strategies. OBJECTIVE: To compare adverse outcomes between survivors of child abuse and non-exposed subjects. DESIGN AND SETTING: This is a cohort study conducted at the Pediatric Emergency Department of the Nuevo Hospital Civil de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico. METHODS: This cohort study of Mexicans compared adverse outcomes between survivors of child abuse and non-exposed individuals from 2011 to 2018. Additionally, we contacted survivors in 2020 to collect additional data, including sociodemographic and study variable-related information. RESULTS: This study included 300 survivors of child abuse, paired by age with 300 non-exposed subjects. Neglect and sexual abuse were the most frequent types of abuse. Among the survivors, there was a higher risk of hyperactivity with attention deficit [Relative Risk (RR) = 4.65(2.06–10.51); P = 0.0001], drug abuse [RR = 3.09(1.25–7.63); P = 0.0001], mood disorders [RR = 2.97(1.81–4.86); P = 0.0001], tobacco use [RR = 2.79(1.60–4.88); P = 0.0001], and engagement with substance abuse and sexual intercourse at a younger age. Non-exposed subjects had a higher level of education [RR = 0.65(0.49–0.87); P = 0.0001] and were more engaged in sports [RR = 0.31(0.18–0.52); P = 0.0001]. CONCLUSION: Survivors of child abuse are at risk for psychological problems and substance abuse. Increasing sports engagement and school attendance may protect against adverse outcomes.

Resumen en Inglés:

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine–metabolic disorder. Irisin is an exercise-related myokine involved in energy homeostasis; however, prior studies have reported inconsistent associations between irisin and PCOS. OBJECTIVES: To compare serum irisin levels between women with PCOS and non-PCOS controls and to assess the discriminatory performance of irisin for PCOS. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional, case–control study conducted at a tertiary referral center. METHODS: We enrolled 144 women, 72 with PCOS and 72 non-PCOS as controls. Serum irisin levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Adjusted comparisons were performed using a general linear model, and the association between irisin and PCOS was further evaluated using multivariable binary logistic regression. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to assess the diagnostic performance of irisin. RESULTS: Serum irisin levels in the PCOS group were significantly lower than those in the control group (p = 0.006). In the age and body mass index (BMI) adjusted ANCOVA model, PCOS status remained significantly associated with lower log-transformed irisin (p = 0.002). In a multivariable logistic regression analysis adjusted for age and BMI, log-transformed irisin levels remained independently associated with PCOS (p = 0.006). In ROC analysis, the area under the ROC curve for irisin was 0.632; an irisin cut-off of ≤ 16.2 ng/mL resulted in 87.5% sensitivity and 38.89% specificity. CONCLUSIONS: Women with PCOS had lower circulating irisin levels than controls, and this association persisted after adjusting for age and BMI. Discriminatory performance was modest, and specificity was low at the selected cutoff. Larger studies are warranted to validate these findings.