Risk factors for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in college students: association with sociodemographic variables

Lima, Adman Câmara Soares; Araújo, Márcio Flávio Moura; Freitas, Roberto Wagner Júnior Freire de; Zanetti, Maria Lúcia; Almeida, Paulo César de; Damasceno, Marta Maria Coelho

doi:10.1590/0104-1169.3053.2441

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Original Articles • Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem 22 (03) • May-Jun 2014 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-1169.3053.2441 linkcopy

Risk factors for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in college students: association with sociodemographic variables¹

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: identify the modifiable risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus in college students and associate these factors with their sociodemographic variables.

METHOD: cross-sectional study, involving 702 college students from Fortaleza-CE, Brazil. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, physical exercise data and blood pressure and fasting plasma glucose levels were collected.

RESULTS: the most prevalent risk factor was sedentariness, followed by overweight, central obesity, high fasting plasma glucose and arterial hypertension. A statistically significant association was found between overweight and sex (p=0.000), age (p=0.004) and marital status (p=0.012), as well as between central obesity and age (p=0.018) and marital status (p=0.007) and between high fasting plasma glucose and sex (p=0.033).

CONCLUSION: distinct risk factors were present in the study population, particularly sedentariness and overweight.

Risk Factors; Diabetes Mellitus; Type 2; Students; Nursing; Health Promotion

Variable		N	%	Mean±SD
Sex (N=702)
	Female	440	62.7
	Male	262	37.3
Age range (N=696)				21.5±4.5 years
	16-19	237	34.1
	20-24	374	53.7
	25-58	85	12.1
Term (N=687)
	Novices	485	70.6
	Veterans	202	29.4
Marital status (N=690)
	Married/Fixed partner	42	6.1
	Single	648	93.9
Employment Situation
	Only studies	454	65.2
	Studies and works	242	54.8
Economic class (N=698)				R$ 3,211.7±R$ 3,765.50
	A	74	10.6
	B	277	39.7
	C	277	39.7
	D	70	10.0
Lives with
	Parents	494	71.2
	Family members	118	17.0
	Friends	27	3.9
	Companions	35	5.0
	Alone	20	2.9

Variable		Sedentariness		Overweight (%)		Central obesity (%)		Arterial Hypertension (%)		High glucose (%)
Variable		%	p	%	p	%	p	%	p	%	p
Sex			<0.0001*		<0.0001*		0.045*		<0.0001*		0.033*
	Female	77.6		18.9		4.1		0.9		10.2
	Male	59.0		39.7		7.6		18.3		15.7
Age range			0.853		<0.0001*		0.024*		0.236		0.697
	16-19	70.6		22.8		3.0		6.3		13.8
	20-24	71.3		24.6		5.3		7.0		11.9
	25-58	68.2		44.7		10.6		11.8		10.7
Term			0.182		0.054		0.097		0.195		0.811
	Novices	71.9		24.5		4.3		6.6		12.2
	Veterans	66.8		31.7		7.4		9.5		7.3
Marital status			0.534		0.005*		0.001*		0.245		0.312
	Married/Fixed partner	66.7		45.2		16.7		12.2		7.3
	Single	71.2		25.3		4.6		7.3		4.5
Economic class			0.131		0.804		0.072		0.859		0.393
	A	62.2		31.1		10.8		9.5		11.1
	B	68.2		26.0		3.2		7.2		14.5
	C	74.4		26.0		6.1		7.6		10.0
	D	74.3		28.6		5.7		5.7		14.5
Knowledge area			0.586		0.014		0.097		0.080		<0.0001
	Agriculture	70.1		26.5		6.1		4.1		12.4
	Sciences	71.7		31.5		7.9		11.8		13.6
	Exacts	65.5		28.4		5.2		8.6		11.4
	Human	73.4		28.0		7.7		6.3		3.6
	Health	75.2		12.3		-		2.8		6.6
	Technology	67.3		31.3		4.5		9.8		28.2

Risk factor	Number of factors								p
	1		2		3		4
	N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%
Sedentariness	321	65.1	113	22.9	49	9.9	10	2.0	<0.0001
Overweight	48	25.7	77	41.2	52	27.8	10	5.3	<0.0001
Central obesity	4	10.5	12	31.6	15	39.5	7	18.4	0.246
Hypertension	5	9.6	28	53.8	15	28.8	4	7.7	0.003
Glucose	13	15.3	42	49.4	24	28.2	6	7.1	<0.0006

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[TFN02t02] *The proportions are different and statistically significant

Risk factors for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in college students: association with sociodemographic variables1

Abstract

Risk factors for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in college students: association with sociodemographic variables¹