Association between Periodontitis and Hyperglycemia

OLIVEIRA, Marília Terezinha Gonçalves; FURTADO, Paulo Guilherme Santos; CARDOSO, Rafaella Ferreira Cordeiro e; SOUZA, Ana Carolina Dupim; LIMA, Rafael Paschoal Esteves; MENDONÇA, Santuza Maria Souza de

doi:10.1590/1981-863720180003000013217

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ORIGINAL • Rev Gaúch. Odontol. 66 (03) • Sept 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-863720180003000013217 linkcopy

Association between Periodontitis and Hyperglycemia

Associação entre Periodontite e Hiperglicemia

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the prevalence of undiagnosed hyperglycemia in individuals with periodontitis.

Methods: The sample was composed of randomly selected individuals that had signed-up for treatment at the Newton Paiva University dental clinic. The volunteers were divided in two groups, the first composed by individuals without periodontitis (n = 30) and the second by individuals with periodontitis (n = 20). All participants answered a questionnaire about habits and overall health condition. Salivary flow was quantified and periodontal examination evaluated bleeding when probed, probing depth and clinical attachment level. Through laboratory tests, the fasting glucose and the glycated hemoglobin levels were quantified.

Results: In the sample studied a higher percentage of individuals with hyperglycemia among those with periodontitis than those without periodontitis was identified.

Conclusion: It is suggested, therefore, that the request of laboratory tests to check glucose levels becomes a part of the dental treatment protocol of individuals with periodontitis.

Indexing terms:
Complications; Diabetes Mellitus; Periodontitis

Authorship

person Marília Terezinha Gonçalves OLIVEIRA

schoolCentro Universitário Newton Paiva. Av. Silva Lobo, 1730, 30431-262, Nova Granada, Belo Horizonte, MG. Brasil.Centro Universitário Newton PaivaBrazilBelo Horizonte, MG, BrazilCentro Universitário Newton Paiva. Av. Silva Lobo, 1730, 30431-262, Nova Granada, Belo Horizonte, MG. Brasil.

0000-0001-9787-852X

person Paulo Guilherme Santos FURTADO

0000-0002-9461-3953

person Rafaella Ferreira Cordeiro e CARDOSO

0000-0001-6950-5179

person Ana Carolina Dupim SOUZA

0000-0002-5798-0711

person Rafael Paschoal Esteves LIMA

schoolUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Odontologia. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBrazilBelo Horizonte, MG, BrazilUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Odontologia. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.

0000-0003-4343-3845

person Santuza Maria Souza de MENDONÇA

0000-0002-3033-6301

personCorrespondência para / Correspondence to: SMS MENDONÇA. E-mail: <
santuzam@yahoo.com.br>.

groupsCollaborators

MTG OLIVEIRA, bibliographic gathering, creation of forms for data collection, data collection and periodontal examination, creation of the database, writing of the final article. PGS FURTADO, bibliographic gathering, creation of forms for data collection, data collection and periodontal examination, creation of the database, writing of the final article. RFC CARDOSO, bibliographic gathering, data collection and periodontal examination, creation of the database, writing of the final article. ACD SOUZA, study design, bibliographical gathering, supervision of examining researchers, writing of the final article, review of the article. RPE LIMA, study design, bibliographical gathering, creation of forms for data collection, calibration of grant students and volunteers, supervision of examining researchers, statistical analysis of the data, writing of the final article and article submission. SMS MENDONÇA, study design, bibliographical gathering, creation of forms for data collection, calibration of grant students and volunteers, supervision of examining researchers, statistical analysis of the data, writing of the final article and article submission.

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Centro Universitário Newton Paiva. Av. Silva Lobo, 1730, 30431-262, Nova Granada, Belo Horizonte, MG. Brasil.Centro Universitário Newton PaivaBrazilBelo Horizonte, MG, BrazilCentro Universitário Newton Paiva. Av. Silva Lobo, 1730, 30431-262, Nova Granada, Belo Horizonte, MG. Brasil.

Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Odontologia. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBrazilBelo Horizonte, MG, BrazilUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Odontologia. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.

Tables

Tables (4)

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Table 1 Characterization of the sample groups with and without periodontitis.

Thumbnail

Table 2 Characterization of the periodontal condition in the groups with and without periodontitis.

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Table 3 Characterization of the periodontal condition of the sample for the groups with normal and altered fasting glycaemia.

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Table 4 Characterization of the periodontal condition of the sample for the groups with normal and altered glycated hemoglobin.

table_chartTable 1 Characterization of the sample groups with and without periodontitis.

	Group without periodontitis	Group with periodontitis	p value
Gender (%)
Male	3 (10%)	7 (35%)	p = 0.067
Female	27 (90%)	13 (65%)
Average age (±)	41.0 ± 13.6	45.8 ± 10.9	p = 0.187
Family history of DM (%)	10 (33.3%)	5 (25%)	p = 0.529
Polydipsia (%)	8 (26.7%)	4 (20%)	p = 0.589
Polyuria (%)	5 (16.7%)	1 (5%)	p = 0.214
Polyphagia (%)	6 (20%)	2 (10%)	p = 0.345
Weight loss (%)	5 (16.7%)	3 (15%)	p = 0.875
Visual alteration (%)	17 (56.7%)	4 (20%)	p = 0.010
Hypertension (%)	6 (20%)	3 (15%)	p = 0.652
BMI (±)	24.7 ± 4.9	25.3 ± 4.0	p = 0.566
BMI (%)
underweight	1 (3.3%)	1 (5%)
normal weight	18 (60%)	10 (50%)	p = 0.633
Overweight	6 (20%)	7 (35%)
Obesity	5 (16.7%)	2 (10%)
Resting sialometry ml/min. (±)	0.3 ± 0.2	0.4 ± 0.4	p = 0.461
Stimulated sialometry ml/min	1.2 ± 0.7	1.5 ± 0.8	p = 0.204


Sialometry (%)
Normal	9 (30%)	9 (45%)	p = 0.432
Hyposalivation	20 (66.7%)	11 (55%)	p = 0.432
Sialorrhea	1 (3.3%)	0 (0%)
Glycaemia (±)	85.5 (11.8)	97.7 (20.9)	p = 0.005
Altered glycaemia (%)	4 (13.3%)	4 (20%)	p = 0.529
Glycated hemoglobin (±)	5.6 (0.4)	6.0 (1.3)	p = 0.493
Altered glycated hemoglobin (%)	10 (33.3%)	9 (45%)	p = 0.405

table_chartTable 2 Characterization of the periodontal condition in the groups with and without periodontitis.

	Group without periodontitis	Group with periodontitis	p value
Teeth present (±)	25.3 (4.5)	22.8 (5.5)	p = 0.091
Sites with PD = 4 mm (%)	3.4 (4.3)	11.9 (5.9)	p< 0.001
Sites with PD = 5 and 6 mm (%)	0.4 (0.9)	10.4 (10.2)	p< 0.001
Sites with PD ≥ 7 mm (%)	0.1 (0.3)	1.4 (2.6)	p< 0.001
Sites with BP (%)	8.9 (9.1)	34.3 (17.2)	p< 0.001

table_chartTable 3 Characterization of the periodontal condition of the sample for the groups with normal and altered fasting glycaemia.

	Group with normal fasting glycaemia	Group with altered fasting glycaemia	p value
Periodontitis	16 (38.1%)	4 (50%)	p = 0.529
Teeth present (±)	24.7 (5.0)	22.4 (4.9)	p = 0.230
Sites with PD = 4 mm (%)	7.4 (6.8)	4.0 (3.1)	p = 0.259
Sites with PD = 5 and 6 mm (%)	4.3 (7.7)	5.0 (10.5)	p = 0.803
Sites with PD ≥ 7 mm (%)	0.4 (0.9)	1.7 (4.0)	p = 0.724
Sites with BP (%)	16.1 (14.2)	34.5 (27.1)	p = 0.050

table_chartTable 4 Characterization of the periodontal condition of the sample for the groups with normal and altered glycated hemoglobin.

	Group with normal glycated hemoglobin	Group with altered glycated hemoglobin	p value
Periodontitis	11 (35.15%)	9 (47.4%)	p = 0.405
Teeth present (±)	25.5 (4.7)	22.3 (5.1)	p = 0.022
Sites with PD = 4 mm (%)	6.7 (7.0)	7.0 (5.6)	p = 0.508
Sites with PD = 5 e 6 mm (%)	4.5 (8.3)	4.3 (7.9)	p = 0.609
Sites with PD ≥ 7 mm (%)	0.3 (1.0)	1.0 (2.6)	p = 0.112
Sites with BP (%)	16.6 (15.3)	23.0 (21.4)	p = 0.294

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