Eficiência e produtividade do bem-estar social: o caso das principais microrregiões florestais do Brasil

Campoli, Jessica Suarez; Alves Junior, Paulo Nocera; Kodama, Tatiana Kimura; Nagano, Marcelo Seido; Burnquist, Heloisa Lee

doi:10.1590/1806-9479.2023.276680

person Jessica Suarez Campoli

schoolPrograma de Pós-graduação em Economia Aplicada, Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz”, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Piracicaba (SP), Brasil. E-mails: jessica.campoli@usp.br; hlburnqu@usp.br

0000-0003-0917-5109

person Paulo Nocera Alves Junior

schoolEscuela de Ingeniería, Universidad Católica del Norte (UCN), Coquimbo, Chile. E-mail: paulo.alves@ucn.cl

0000-0002-8906-788X

person Tatiana Kimura Kodama

schoolPrograma de Pós-graduação em Engenharia de Produção, Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Carlos (SP), Brasil. E-mails: tatiana.kimura@usp.br; drnagano@usp.br

0000-0002-8583-6469

person Marcelo Seido Nagano

schoolPrograma de Pós-graduação em Engenharia de Produção, Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Carlos (SP), Brasil. E-mails: tatiana.kimura@usp.br; drnagano@usp.br

0000-0002-0239-1725

person Heloisa Lee Burnquist

schoolPrograma de Pós-graduação em Economia Aplicada, Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz”, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Piracicaba (SP), Brasil. E-mails: jessica.campoli@usp.br; hlburnqu@usp.br

0000-0001-9856-0118

Variable	Dimension	Source	Theoretical basis	Variable
Average wood cost (BRL/m³)	Economic	Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (2021a)	Proposal of this research	Input
Employment in forestry and paper and pulp production	Social	Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (2021a)	Proposal of this research	Input
Gross Domestic Product (GDP)	Economic	Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (2021b)	Sun & Wang (2022); Camioto & Pulita (2022); Zhang et al. (2022); Ren et al. (2020); Kourtit et al. (2020); Liu et al. (2019)	Output
Total number of employed people	Social	Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (2021c)	Sun & Wang (2022); Ren et al. (2020); Kourtit et al. (2020); Liu et al. (2019)	Output
Human Development Index (HDI)	Social	Firjan (2021)	Ren et al. (2020)	Output

Variables	Obs. *	Mean	Std. Dev.	Min	Max
Average wood cost (BRL/m³)	343	57.60	20.00	20.85	123.18
Number of workers in forestry and paper and pulp production	343	2,440.14	2,239.40	40.00	8,877.00
Gross Domestic Product (BRL)	343	141,397.65	287,640.26	2,784.00	1,573,928.00
Total number of employed people	343	13,034,463.62	24,539,969.50	227,424.00	143,794,029.00
Human Development Index (HDI)	343	0.6972	0.0817	0.4133	0.8168

Inputs (Independent variables)		Outputs (Dependent variables)
Inputs (Independent variables)		Gross Domestic Product (GDP)	Total number of employed people	Human Development Index (HDI)
Average wood cost	Coef.	0.171***	0.0740***	0.0197***
	p-value	0.0000	0.0030	0.0000
	Std. Errors	0.0477	0.0253	0.0052
Number of workers in forestry and paper and pulp production	Coef.	0.261***	0.178***	0.00928***
	p-value	0.0000	0.0000	0.0010
	Std. Errors	0.0362	0.0242	0.0027
Constant	Coef.	12.80***	9.259***	0.556***
	p-value	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000
	Std. Errors	0.32600	0.21	0.03
Observations		343	343	343
Number of DMUs		49	49	49

Efficiency Model
Inputs	Outputs
a) Average wood cost	1) Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
b) Number of workers in forestry and paper and pulp production	2) Number of people employed
	3) Human Development Index (HDI)

City	Efficiency Scores
City	Window 1	Window 2	Window 3	Window 4	Mean Efficiency (%)	Ranking	Growth rate (%)
Ilhéus-Itabuna (BA)	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	100.00	1	0.00
Rio Claro (SP)	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	100.00	1	0.00
São João da Boa Vista (SP)	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	100.00	1	0.00
Sorocaba (SP)	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	100.00	1	0.00
Curitiba (PR)	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	100.00	1	0.00
Vacaria (RS)	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	100.00	1	0.00
Porto Alegre (RS)	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	100.00	1	0.00
Botucatu (SP)	0.8980	1.0000	0.9053	0.9053	92.72	2	0.82
Ribeirão Preto (SP)	0.8839	0.9178	0.9469	0.9331	92.04	3	5.57
Poços de Caldas (MG)	0.8303	0.8481	0.8931	0.9144	87.15	4	10.13
Entre Rios (BA)	0.8002	0.8002	1.0000	0.7806	84.53	5	-2.45
São José dos Campos (SP)	0.7398	0.8012	0.8458	0.9141	82.52	6	23.56
Paraibuna/Paraitinga (SP)	0.7874	0.7874	0.8314	0.8314	80.94	7	5.59
Mogi Mirim (SP)	0.5905	0.7297	0.8908	1.0000	80.27	8	69.36
Ibaiti (PR)	0.5665	0.7806	0.7806	0.7777	72.64	9	37.28
Bragança Paulista (SP)	0.5362	0.5998	0.7285	0.7819	66.16	10	45.82
Avaré (SP)	0.5929	0.6211	0.5367	0.5091	56.49	11	-14.15
Lapa (PR)	0.1771	0.3900	0.6008	0.8128	49.52	12	358.96
Camaquã (RS)	0.4843	0.5115	0.3555	0.3187	41.75	13	-34.19
Bauru (SP)	0.3678	0.3785	0.3725	0.3823	37.53	14	3.94
São Jerônimo (RS)	0.3003	0.3141	0.3826	0.4289	35.65	15	42.82
Piedade (SP)	0.2818	0.3395	0.3662	0.4026	34.75	16	42.86
Itabira (MG)	0.3300	0.3427	0.3341	0.3389	33.64	17	2.68
Mogi das Cruzes (SP)	0.3467	0.3318	0.3236	0.3141	32.91	18	-9.41
Ipatinga (MG)	0.3071	0.3239	0.3274	0.3263	32.12	19	6.25
Linhares (ES)	0.3412	0.3230	0.3035	0.3057	31.84	20	-10.39
Caratinga (MG)	0.1489	0.1989	0.2523	0.3000	22.50	21	101.52
Xanxerê (SC)	0.2088	0.2140	0.2097	0.2059	20.96	22	-1.39
Palmas (PR)	0.1791	0.1883	0.1937	0.2074	19.21	23	15.82
Itapetininga (SP)	0.2017	0.1836	0.1622	0.1431	17.26	24	-29.04
Campos de Lages (SC)	0.2735	0.1374	0.1389	0.1394	17.23	25	-49.03
Guarapuava (PR)	0.1557	0.1645	0.1694	0.1786	16.70	26	14.73
Capão Bonito (SP)	0.1572	0.1540	0.1463	0.1586	15.40	27	0.85
Joaçaba (SC)	0.1482	0.1481	0.1488	0.1591	15.10	28	7.37
Rio Negro (PR)	0.1333	0.1465	0.1528	0.1635	14.90	29	22.64
Porto Seguro (BA)	0.1216	0.1177	0.1237	0.1277	12.27	30	4.97
Canoinhas (SC)	0.1230	0.1225	0.1180	0.1164	12.00	31	-5.29
São Mateus (ES)	0.1246	0.1178	0.1131	0.1165	11.80	32	-6.46
Itapeva (SP)	0.1097	0.1067	0.1093	0.1194	11.13	33	8.80
Curitibanos (SC)	0.1095	0.1099	0.1059	0.1122	10.94	34	2.46
Alagoinhas (BA)	0.0933	0.0938	0.1057	0.1202	10.33	35	28.80
União da Vitória (PR)	0.0864	0.0946	0.1016	0.1105	9.83	36	27.99
Guanhães (MG)	0.0785	0.0870	0.0963	0.1036	9.13	37	32.02
Três Lagoas (MS)	0.0895	0.0835	0.0791	0.0746	8.17	38	-16.65
São Mateus do Sul (PR)	0.0707	0.0690	0.0693	0.0743	7.08	39	4.97
Telêmaco Borba (PR)	0.0647	0.0631	0.0615	0.0619	6.28	40	-4.24
Jaguariaíva (PR)	0.0585	0.0583	0.0568	0.0565	5.75	41	-3.41
Cerro Azul (PR)	0.0240	0.0246	0.0266	0.0298	2.63	42	24.18
Almeirim (PA)	0.0209	0.0216	0.0246	0.0288	2.40	43	38.09
Micro-regions mean	0.4070	0.4254	0.4386	0.4467	42.94	-	16.42

Micro-Regions	MPI	Ranking	TC	Ranking	EC	Ranking
Caratinga (MG)	2.3686	1	0.9111	26	2.5998	2
Mogi Mirim (SP)	2.3273	2	1.0315	6	2.2562	3
União da Vitória (PR)	1.6607	3	0.9883	11	1.6804	6
São José dos Campos (SP)	1.4685	4	1.1077	2	1.3257	11
Piedade (SP)	1.3762	5	0.806	38	1.7076	4
Rio Negro (PR)	1.3356	6	0.894	30	1.494	8
Cerro Azul (PR)	1.3138	7	0.9445	16	1.3911	10
Almeirim (PA)	1.3115	8	0.858	33	1.5287	7
Guarapuava (PR)	1.2359	9	0.9366	18	1.3196	12
São Mateus do Sul (PR)	1.1972	10	1.0183	7	1.1756	20
Palmas (PR)	1.1966	11	0.9072	27	1.319	13
Vacaria (RS)	1.1599	12	1.1599	1	1.0000	28
Joaçaba (SC)	1.1513	13	0.9191	24	1.2526	15
Curitibanos (SC)	1.15	14	0.9223	23	1.2468	16
Bauru (SP)	1.1292	15	0.9185	25	1.2294	18
Alagoinhas (BA)	1.0655	16	0.8177	36	1.3031	14
São Mateus (ES)	1.0538	17	1.0076	9	1.0459	25
Ilhéus-Itabuna (BA)	1.0456	18	1.0456	5	1.0000	28
São Jerônimo (RS)	1.0233	19	0.6997	44	1.4626	9
Curitiba (PR)	1.0079	20	1.0079	8	1.0000	28
Sorocaba (SP)	0.9949	21	0.9949	10	1.0000	28
Itabira (MG)	0.9879	22	0.8838	32	1.1178	22
Lapa (PR)	0.9779	23	0.1449	49	6.7468	1
Bragança Paulista (SP)	0.9739	24	1.0624	4	0.9166	41
Ribeirão Preto (SP)	0.967	25	0.9582	14	1.0092	27
Itapeva (SP)	0.9666	26	0.7841	42	1.2328	17
Capão Bonito (SP)	0.9664	27	0.7926	39	1.2192	19
Campos de Lages (SC)	0.964	28	0.9028	29	1.0678	23
Xanxerê (SC)	0.953	29	0.9582	14	0.9946	36
Ipatinga (MG)	0.9443	30	0.8919	31	1.0588	24
Porto Alegre (RS)	0.9387	31	0.9387	17	1.0000	28
Mogi das Cruzes (SP)	0.9342	32	1.0982	3	0.8507	44
Guanhães (MG)	0.9173	33	0.8147	37	1.1259	21
Linhares (ES)	0.8922	34	0.9628	13	0.9267	40
Porto Seguro (BA)	0.8895	35	0.9276	20	0.959	37
Jaguariaíva (PR)	0.8807	36	0.9266	21	0.9504	38
Telêmaco Borba (PR)	0.847	37	0.9033	28	0.9377	39
São João da Boa Vista (SP)	0.8313	38	0.8313	35	1.0000	28
Poços de Caldas (MG)	0.8269	39	0.7914	40	1.0449	26
Canoinhas (SC)	0.8156	40	0.9243	22	0.8825	43
Botucatu (SP)	0.7742	41	0.4583	45	1.6894	5
Avaré (SP)	0.768	42	0.855	34	0.8983	42
Rio Claro (SP)	0.7094	43	0.7094	43	1.0000	28
Itapetininga (SP)	0.6372	44	0.9364	19	0.6804	47
Três Lagoas (MS)	0.6269	45	0.9776	12	0.6413	48
Paraibuna/Paraitinga (SP)	0.3453	46	0.3453	47	1.0000	28
Camaquã (RS)	0.3196	47	0.4016	46	0.7958	45
Ibaiti (PR)	0.2478	48	0.3213	48	0.7712	46
Entre Rios (BA)	0.0966	49	0.7898	41	0.1223	49

M P I_{C R S} = \sqrt{\frac{D_{C R S}^{t} (x^{t + 1}, y^{t + 1}) D_{C R S}^{t + 1} (x^{t + 1}, y^{t + 1})}{D_{C R S}^{t} (x^{t}, y^{t}) D_{C R S}^{t + 1} (x^{t}, y^{t})}} = \sqrt{\frac{D_{C R S}^{t} (x^{t + 1}, y^{t + 1}) D_{C R S}^{t + 1} (x^{t}, y^{t})}{D_{C R S}^{t} (x^{t + 1}, y^{t + 1}) D_{C R S}^{t + 1} (x^{t}, y^{t})}} \frac{D_{C R S}^{t + 1} (x^{t + 1}, y^{t + 1})}{D_{C R S}^{t} (x^{t}, y^{t})}

T C_{C R S} = \sqrt{\frac{D_{C R S}^{t} (x^{t + 1}, y^{t + 1}) D_{C R S}^{t} (x^{t}, y^{t})}{D_{C R S}^{t + 1} (x^{t + 1}, y^{t + 1}) D_{C R S}^{t + 1} (x^{t}, y^{t})}}

M P I_{C R S} = \sqrt{\frac{D_{C R S}^{t} (x^{t + 1}, y^{t + 1}) D_{0}^{t} (x^{t}, y^{t})}{D_{C R S}^{t + 1} (x^{t + 1}, y^{t + 1}) D_{0}^{t + 1} (x^{t}, y^{t})}} \frac{D_{C R S}^{t} (x^{t + 1}, y^{t + 1})}{D_{C R S}^{t} (x^{t}, y^{t})} = T C_{C R S} E C_{C R S}

S E C = \sqrt{\frac{\frac{D_{C R S}^{t} (x^{t + 1}, y^{t + 1}) D_{C R S}^{t + 1} (x^{t + 1}, y^{t + 1})}{D_{V R S}^{t} (x^{t + 1}, y^{t + 1}) D_{V R S}^{t + 1} (x^{t + 1}, y^{t + 1})}}{\frac{D_{C R S}^{t} (x^{t}, y^{t}) D_{C R S}^{t + 1} (x^{t}, y^{t})}{D_{V R S}^{t} (x^{t}, y^{t}) D_{V R S}^{t + 1} (x^{t}, y^{t})}}}

T C_{V R S} = \sqrt{\frac{D_{V R S}^{t} (x^{t + 1}, y^{t + 1}) D_{V R S}^{t} (x^{t}, y^{t})}{D_{V R S}^{t + 1} (x^{t + 1}, y^{t + 1}) D_{V R S}^{t + 1} (x^{t}, y^{t})}}

M P I_{V R S} = \sqrt{\frac{D_{V R S}^{t} (x^{t + 1}, y^{t + 1}) D_{V R S}^{t} (x^{t}, y^{t})}{D_{V R S}^{t + 1} (x^{t + 1}, y^{t + 1}) D_{V R S}^{t + 1} (x^{t}, y^{t})}} \frac{D_{V R S}^{t} (x^{t + 1}, y^{t + 1})}{(D_{V R S}^{t} (x^{t}, y^{t})} = T C_{V R S} E C_{V R S}

[1] Source: Authors

Eficiência e produtividade do bem-estar social: o caso das principais microrregiões florestais do Brasil

Resumo