Sociodemographic Profile of Pediatric Hemodialysis during the COVID-19 Pandemic and Challenges for Sustainable Development

Neves, Nathália Cardoso; Morais, Richarlisson Borges de; Arruda, Isis Oliveira; Val, Maria Luiza Dautro Moreira do; Abreu, Ana Lúcia Cardoso Santos; Andrade, Maria Cristina de; Braz-Silva, Paulo Henrique; Taminato, Monica

doi:10.1590/0034-7167-2024-0041

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. Bras. Enferm. 78 (Suppl 1) • 2025 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2024-0041 linkcopy

Sociodemographic Profile of Pediatric Hemodialysis during the COVID-19 Pandemic and Challenges for Sustainable Development

Perfil Sociodemográfico de la Hemodiálisis Pediátrica en la Pandemia de COVID-19 y Desafíos Para el Desarrollo Sostenible

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Objectives: to relate sociodemographic characteristics with SARS-CoV-2 serology of minors under hemodialysis and their caregivers.

Methods: a cross-sectional, descriptive study with anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike immunoassay analysis.

Results: ten patients and their companions were included before vaccination against COVID-19. The overall seroprevalence was 25% and 20% among patients, who had a mean age of 11.47 years, 70% of whom were male. All companions were women (100%), with a mean age of 38.41 years and 60% of mixed race. Half (50%) receive between 1 and 3 minimum wages, and 70% spend more than two hours commuting. As for the residences, all (100%) are made of masonry and have basic sanitation.

Conclusions: the importance of routine tracking of COVID-19 cases and the impact of socioeconomic variables on the quality of life of children and family members is evidenced.

Descriptors:
Pediatrics; Hemodialysis; COVID-19; Demographic Factors; Sustainable Development Goals

Characteristics	n	Percentage %	Standard deviation
Sex
Female	3	30
Male	7	70
Age (years)
Minimum	5.46
Mean	11.47		± 4.11
Maximum	16.0
Skin color/ethnicity
White	4	40
Mixed race	6	60
Education
Preschool	2	20
Incomplete elementary school	5	50
Complete elementary school	0	0
Incomplete high school	3	30
Complete high school	0	0
Total family income
Up to 1 minimum wage	3	30
1-3 minimum wages	5	50
3-5 minimum wages	1	10
More than 5 minimum wages	1	10
Per capita income in minimum wage
Up to 0.5 minimum wage (R$550.00)	3	30
From 0.5 minimum wage to 1 minimum wage (R$550.00 to R$1,100)	6	60
Greater than 1 minimum wage (R$1,100)	1	10
Do you receive any type of benefit/assistance/pension?*
Yes	3	30
No	7	70
Means of transport
Car	2	20
Car, bus, train, subway	1	10
Bus, train, subway	4	40
Ambulance	2	20
Ambulance, train, subway	1	10
Travel time (hours)
Minimum	1.5
Mean	2.15		± 1.13
Maximum	3.5
Residence
Owned	4	40
Rented	4	40
Granted	2	20
Residence characteristic
Masonry	10	100
Number of rooms in the residence
Minimum	3.0
Mean	4.0		± 1.82
Maximum	6.0
Number of residents
Minimum	2.0
Mean	3.3		± 1.82
Maximum	6.0
Sewage network
Yes	10	100
No	0	0
Running water
Yes	10	100
No	0	0

Serological test	Patients (10)		Companions (10)
Serological test	n	%	n	%
Reagent	2	20	3	30
Non-reactive*	8	80	7	70

Characteristics	SARS-CoV-2 serology		p value^#
Characteristics	Positive (%)	Negative (%)	p value^#
Sex
Male	2 (100)	5(62.5)	1
Female	0	3(37.5)	1
Ethnicity
White	1(50)	3(37.5)	1
Mixed race	1(50)	5(62.5)	1
Education
Incomplete elementary school	2(100)	6(75)	1
Incomplete high school	0	1(12.5)
Does not attend regular school	0	1(12.5)
Family income
Up to 1 minimum wage	1(50)	2(25)	1
From 1 to 3 minimum wages	1(50)	4(50)
From 3 to 5 minimum wages	0	1(12.5)
More than 5 minimum wages	0	1(12.5)
Do you receive any type of benefit/assistance/pension?*
Yes	1(50)	2(25)	1
No	1(50)	6(75)	1
Means of transport
Car	0	2(25)	0.511
Car, bus, train, subway	0	1(12.5)
Bus, train, subway	1(50)	3(37.5)
Ambulance	0	2(25)
Ambulance, train, subway	1(50)	0
Residence
Owned	2 (100)	4 (50)	0.289
Leased		2 (250
Granted		2(25)
Flu-like symptoms
Did not present	2 (100)	8 (100)

Characteristic	SARS-CoV-2 serology		p value^#
Characteristic	Positive (%)	Negative (%)	p value^#
Sex
Female	3 (100)	7(700)	1
Education
Incomplete elementary school	1 (33.3)	1 (14.3)	1
Incomplete high school	0	2 (28.6)
Complete high school	2 (66.7)	4 (57.1)
Flu-like symptoms
Did not present	3 (100)	7 (100)	1

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Associação Brasileira de Enfermagem SGA Norte Quadra 603 Conj. "B" - Av. L2 Norte 70830-102 Brasília, DF, Brasil, Tel.: (55 61) 3226-0653, Fax: (55 61) 3225-4473 - Brasília - DF - Brazil
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[TFN1] n – absolute number; ±standard deviation; *Benefit, assistance and/or pension offered by the Brazilian National Social Security Institute.