Innovation ecosystem in Brazil: a systematic literature review

Innovation ecosystems have become central strategies for the sustainable development of cities and regions in the face of global economic, social, and environmental challenges. The construction and consolidation of these ecosystems require collaboration among multiple actors, following the quadruple helix model: educational institutions, government, business sector, and civil society. This article aims to explore how these actors interact and foster the constitution and consolidation of the ecosystem. The research adopts a systematic literature review methodology using the databases Scielo, Spell, and EnAnpad, through which six essential elements for sustaining these ecosystems were identified: Public Policy, Finance/Capital, Culture, Support, Human Capital, and Market. The results indicate that these elements operate interdependently, being mobilized by different actors to create environments conducive to innovation. As a theoretical contribution, the study systematizes the main practices and structures related to the development of an innovation ecosystem, serving as a literature source for future research. As a managerial contribution, the mapping of these elements can support collaborative governance and assist actors in formulating public policies aimed at promoting innovation ecosystems. Directions for future research are presented at the end of the review.

Keywords
innovation; innovation ecosystem; regional development