Albinism: an integrative review of its epidemiological, symbolic and social rights aspects

Social invisibility represents a real challenge for people with albinism in obtaining appropriate health care. The aim of this research was to analytically encompass what the scientific literature reveals on the subject, by means of an integrative literature review in the SciELO database. Nineteen original articles were included, available in full and covering topics such as: culture; social, family and economic aspects; human rights and life experiences. The results were categorized into epidemiological characteristics, symbolic perspectives and social rights. It was found that epidemiological estimates are inconclusive and imprecise, without official census data. Cultural symbolism is deeply rooted in myths, legends and ancient beliefs, which contributes to stigmatization and discrimination, as well as being used to justify acts of violence. Violations of social rights are frequent and legislation is often not effectively enforced, becoming a mere dead letter. It is crucial to ensure the implementation of public policies and social practices based on equity, dignity and social justice.

Key words:
Albinism; Integrative literature review; Public health; Social determinants