Cross-cultural adaptation of the SCATBI instrument for cognitive-linguistic abilities after traumatic brain injury

Janzen, Ester Priscila; Walz, Roger; Lin, Katia

doi:10.1590/0004-282X20150146

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ARTICLES • Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr. 73 (11) • Nov 2015 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282X20150146 linkcopy

Cross-cultural adaptation of the SCATBI instrument for cognitive-linguistic abilities after traumatic brain injury

Adaptação transcultural do instrumento SCATBI para avaliação cognitiva após traumatismo cranioencefálico

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Objective To perform the cross-cultural adaptation of the “Scales of Cognitive Ability for Traumatic Brain Injury” (SCATBI).

Method After the translation and back-translation phases, a multidisciplinary committee judged and elaborated versions in order to maintain its conceptual equivalence, content, comprehensibility and contextual adjustment for Brazilian population. The final version was tested on 55 healthy subjects.

Results The individuals’ mean age was 41.75 ± 17.40 years (range = 18-81), 69% were women and they had a mean schooling of 12.96 ± 4.55 years. Higher total scores were positively correlated with years of schooling (p < 0.001) and social-economic status (p = 0.001), while older aged individuals performed worse than younger ones (p = 0.001). Both genders performed similarly on all domains of the instrument, except for “organization” ability, where women performed significantly better than men (p = 0.02).

Conclusion The Brazilian version of SCATBI is a useful tool for the diagnosis and monitoring of cognitive impairments after a traumatic brain injury.

craniocerebral trauma; SCATBI; cognition; language; rehabilitation

I. Perception and Discrimination

Sound recognition
Shape recognition
Word recognition (no distraction)
Word recognition (with distraction)
Color discrimination
Shape discrimination
Size discrimination
Discrimination of color, shape, size
Discrimination of pictured objects
Auditory discrimination (real words)
Auditory discrimination (nonsense)

II. Orientation

Premorbid questions
Postmorbid questions

III. Organization

Identifying pictured categories
Identifying pictured category members
Word associations (word categories)
Sequencing objects (size)
Sequencing words (alphabetical)
Sequencing events (time of year)
Sequencing events (pictured task steps)
Sequencing events (recall task steps)

IV. Recall

Memory for graphic elements
Naming pictures (word retrieval)
Immediate recall of word strings
Delayed recall of word strings
Cued recall of words
Cued recall of words in discourse
Word generation
Immediate recall of oral directions
Recall of oral paragraphs

V. Reasoning

Figural reasoning: matrix analogies
Convergent thinking: central theme
Deductive reasoning: elimination
Inductive reasoning: opposites
Inductive reasoning: analogies
Divergent thinking: homographs
Divergent thinking: idioms
Divergent thinking: proverbs
Divergent thinking: verbal absurdities
Multiprocess reasoning: task insight
Multiprocess reasoning: analysis

Sociodemographic variables	N = 55 (%)
Gender
Male	17 (30.9%)
Female	38 (69.1%)
Age, mean (SD)	41.7 (17.4)
Years of schooling, mean (SD)	12.9 (4.6)

	Gender	N	Min	Max	Mean	SD	p
Total Score	Male	17	178	213	201.59	8.797	0.183
Total Score	Fem	38	152	214	196.89	13.055
Perception and Discrimination	Male	17	56	58	57.65	0.606	0.087
Perception and Discrimination	Fem	38	53	58	57.03	1.404
Orientation	Male	17	18	20	19.88	0.485	0.805
Orientation	Fem	38	16	20	19.73	1.917
Organization	Male	17	29	30	29.88	0.332	0.021*
Organization	Fem	38	20	30	28.87	2.559
Memory/Recall	Male	17	36	51	45.29	4.607	0.246
Memory/Recall	Fem	38	25	51	43.50	5.496
Reasoning	Male	17	36	54	48.88	4.675	0.392
Reasoning	Fem	38	27	55	47.50	5.811
Age	Male	17	21	71	37.00	17.114	0.178
Age	Fem	38	18	81	43.87	17.322

	Socioeconomic level^a	N	Mean	SD	p^b
Total Score	AB	34	202.91	7.633
Total Score	CD	21	190.95	14.183	0.001*
Perception and Discrimination	AB	34	57.41	0.892
Perception and Discrimination	CD	21	56.90	1.640	0.204
Orientation	AB	34	19.88	0.478
Orientation	CD	21	20.10	2.567	0.638
Organization	AB	34	29.97	0.171
Organization	CD	21	27.90	3.161	0.007*
Memory/Recall	AB	34	45.82	4.596
Memory/Recall	CD	21	41.19	5.095	0.001*
Reasoning	AB	34	49.82	3.520
Reasoning	CD	21	44.86	6.680	0.004*
Schooling	AB	34	14.91	2.948
Schooling	CD	21	9.81	4.976	< 0.001*
Age	AB	34	38.38	15.884
Age	CD	21	47.19	18.721	0.068

Domains	Correlation with SCATBI-Portuguese total score
Domains	r	p
Perception and Discrimination	0.689	< 0.0001*
Orientation	0.261	0.054
Organization	0.569	< 0.0001*
Memory/Recall	0.873	< 0.0001*
Reasoning	0.896	< 0.0001*

Ability	Items
Orientation	2b,2e,2f
Organization	6
Recall	2b,2h,2g,9
Reasoning	3a,3b,4e,7,8,11

	SCATBI-Original			SCATBI-Portuguese
	N	Mean	SD	N	Mean	SD
Total Score	78	193.7	12.0	55	198.3	12.0
Perception and Discrimination	78	55.7	3.9	55	57.2	1.2
Orientation	78	19.8	0.7	55	19.9	1.6
Organization	78	26.3	2.5	55	29.2	2.18
Memory/Recall	78	44.7	6.4	55	44.0	5.3
Reasoning	78	47.2	7.9	55	47.9	5.5

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[TFN1] SD: standard deviation.