Compartment Syndrome Secondary to <i>Bothrops</i> spp. Envenomation in Triângulo Mineiro, Region, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Toffano, Lucas Liporoni; Silva, Luiz Otávio da; Neves, Fernando de Freitas; Teixeira, Luciana de Almeida Silva; Silva-Vergara, Mario León

doi:10.1590/0037-8682-0130-2023

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Short Communication • Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop. 56 • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0130-2023 linkcopy

Compartment Syndrome Secondary to Bothrops spp. Envenomation in Triângulo Mineiro, Region, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Background: Snakebite is a neglected global health problem with high morbidity. We describe compartment syndrome (CS) cases related to snakebites by Bothrops spp.

Methods: The medical records of patients admitted with snakebites envenomation were reviewed.

Results: Of 47 patients with Bothrops spp. envenomation (4 male; mean age: 42 years), 7 (15%) developed CS. The mean time to antivenom administration was 9.5 hours. The time to fasciotomy was variable. Seven patients developed infection and four had acute kidney injury.

Conclusions: The incidence of CS is higher than that reported previously. This may be due to the clinical severity and long delay before administering antivenom.

Keywords:
Compartment Syndrome; Fasciotomy; Snake bite; Bothrops spp

Case	Age (years)	Sex	Elapsed time between snakebite and antivenom administration (hours)	Time from admission to fasciotomy (hours)	Complications	Outcome
1	67	M	10	4	BI +AKI*	Good
2	54	F	20	12	BI + AKI*	Good
3	40	F	5	15	BI	Good
4	46	M	10	1	BI +	Good
5	46	M	7	07	BI + AKI	Good
6	18	M	9	19	BI + AKI	Good
7	22	M	6	48	BI	Good

Number of cases of snakebite envenomation	Observation period (years)	Cases of compartment syndrome N (%)	Snake genus and species	Reference
92	3	9 (9.7%)	Bothrops spp.	9
			Lachesis spp.
			Elapidic spp.
307	6	4 (1.3%)	Bothrops spp.	10
			Lachesis spp.
158	6	17 (10.7%)	Gloydius spp.	8
			Rhabdophis tigrinus
73*	16	3 (4.1%)	Bothrops jararaca	14
			Bothrops alternatus
			Bothrops neuwiedi
136	4	9 (6.6%)	Trimeresurus spp.	7
			Daboia russelli formosensis
			Naja naja atra
			Bungarus multicinctus
			Deinagkistrodon acutus
47	1	7 (14.8%)	Bothrops spp.	Present report

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[TFN2] BI: Bacterial infection; AKI: Acute kidney injury; M: male; F: female. * Hemodialysis.