Larvicidal activity of essential oil from Vitex negundo and Vitex trifolia on dengue vector mosquito Aedes aegypti

Chandrasekaran, Trilokesh; Thyagarajan, Aishwarya; Santhakumari, Prabhakaran Ganapathi; Pillai, Agiesh Kumar Balakrishna; Krishnan, Uma Maheswari

doi:10.1590/0037-8682-0459-2018

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Short Communication • Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop. 52 • 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0459-2018 linkcopy

Larvicidal activity of essential oil from Vitex negundo and Vitex trifolia on dengue vector mosquito Aedes aegypti

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

INTRODUCTION: The ability of Vitex trifolia and Vitex negundo essential oils to kill Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus larvae was evaluated.

METHODS: The larvae were treated with their respective essential oils at 50-125 ppm concentration.

RESULTS: LC₅₀ and LC₉₀ for V. trifolia against Ae. aegypti and C. quinquefasciatus, and those for V. negundo against Ae. aegypti were 57.7+0.4, 77.9+0.9 ppm and 55.17+3.14, 78.28+2.23 ppm, and 50.86+0.9, 73.12+1.3 ppm, respectively. Eucalyptol and caryophyllene were the major components in Vitex trifolia and Vitex negundo essential oil, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed potential larvicidal properties of essential oil from V. trifolia.

Keywords:
Aedes aegypti; Culex quinquefasciatus; Vitex trifólia; Vitex negundo; Essential oil

Larval	Larva	Essential	Percentage mortality at each concentration (PPM)						LC₅₀	LC₉₀
stage	species	oil	50	75	100	125	Equation	R²	(ppm)	(ppm)
3 ^rd instar	Aedes aegypti	Vitex trifolia	29±2.3	85±2.5	96±2.0	100±0.0	$Y = 76.22 l n (X) - 259.1$	0.873	57.77±0.4	77.91±0.9
3 ^rd instar	Aedes aegypti	Vitex negundo	46±2.3	88±2.4	98±2.7	100±0.0	$Y = 59.08 l n (X) - 178.4$	0.851	50.86±0.9	73.12±1.3
3 ^rd instar	Culex quinquefasciatus	Vitex trifolia	7.5±2.1	78±1	97±1.1	100±0.0	$Y = 66.54 l n (X) - 215.0$	0.937	55.17±3.14	78.28±2.23

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[TFN1] *p-value <0.05, statistically significant difference in death rate for the concentrations tested using a chi square test.