Effectiveness of supplemental oxygenation to prevent surgical site infections: A systematic review with meta-analysis

Objective:  to assess the effectiveness of supplemental oxygenation with high FiO₂ when compared to conventional FiO₂ in the prevention of surgical site infection.

Method:  an effectiveness systematic review with meta-analysis conducted in five international databases and portals. The research was guided by the following question: Which is the effectiveness of supplemental oxygenation with high FiO² (greater than 80%) when compared to conventional FiO₂ (from 30% to 35%) in the prevention of surgical site infections in adults?

Results:  fifteen randomized clinical trials were included. Although all the subgroups presented a general effect in favor of the intervention, colorectal surgeries had this relationship evidenced with statistical significance (I²=10%;X²=4.42; p=0.352).

Conclusion:  inspired oxygen fractions greater than 80% during the perioperative period in colorectal surgeries have proved to be effective to prevent surgical site infections, reducing their incidence by up to 27% (p=0.006). It is suggested to conduct new studies in groups of patients subjected to surgeries from other specialties, such as cardiac and vascular. PROSPERO registration No.: 178,453.

Descriptors:
Surgical Wound; Wound Infection; Patient Safety; Operative Surgical Procedures; Operating Room Nursing; Anesthesiology