Comportamentos de busca de informações online sobre saúde e autoavaliação da saúde entre estudantes universitários chineses: associações e diferenças entre os sexos

Chen, Jie; Tian, Hua

doi:10.1590/1980-220X-REEUSP-2025-0253en

Tabla de contenido Anterior Actual Siguiente

Tabla de contenido

ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. esc. enferm. USP 60 • 2026 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-220X-REEUSP-2025-0253en linkcopiar

Comportamentos de busca de informações online sobre saúde e autoavaliação da saúde entre estudantes universitários chineses: associações e diferenças entre os sexos

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Objetivo: Explorar as associações e diferenças entre os sexos no que diz respeito aos comportamentos de busca de informações online sobre saúde (CBIOSs) e à saúde auto-relatada entre estudantes universitários.

Métodos: Estudo transversal e analítico realizado com 5.408 estudantes universitários da Universidade Normal de Xinyang, que responderam ao questionário em Wenjunxing como participantes válidos. Foram realizados testes t e análises de regressão logística binária utilizando o SPSS.

Resultados: Foram encontradas diferenças entre os sexos nos CBIOSs. As mulheres gostaram mais de IOS relacionados à nutrição alimentar e dieta (p < 0,001), enquanto os homens gostaram mais de IOS relacionados a exercícios físicos (p < 0,001). Para CBIOSs específicos, encontrar informações sobre hospitais ou médicos (OR = 1,785, [IC95% = 1,212–2,628], p < 0,01) e reservas online de projetos de cuidados de saúde (OR = 2,491, [IC95% = 1,056–5,876], p < 0,05) tiveram impactos significativos na saúde autoavaliada das mulheres, e encontrar informações sobre hospitais ou médicos (OR = 2,171, [IC95% = 1,035–4,551], p < 0,05) teve um impacto significativo na saúde autoavaliada dos homens.

Conclusão: As descobertas sobre a busca por saúde online diferenciada por sexo e os benefícios da busca proativa indicam que intervenções digitais eficazes para estudantes devem combinar estratégias específicas de gênero com empoderamento comportamental.

DESCRITORES
Interoperabilidad de la Información en Salud; Evaluación en Salud; Características Sexuales; Estudiantes

Variables	Variable definition (0: as references, respectively)
Self-reported health	0 = Poor, 1 = Good
Residence	0 = Rural, 1 = Urban
Major	0 = Science and engineering, 1 = Humanities
Parental education level	0 = Middle school or below, 1 = Doctor/Master/University/College
Finding information about hospitals or doctors	0 = No, 1 = Yes
Finding information about physical exercises	0 = No, 1 = Yes
Finding information about smoking cessation	0 = No, 1 = Yes
Finding health or medical information	0 = No, 1 = Yes
Finding information about drinking cessation	0 = No, 1 = Yes
Reading or sharing health information via social media (e.g., Weibo and WeChat)	0 = No, 1 = Yes
Finding information about nutrition and diet	0 = No, 1 = Yes
Attending a specific disease internet community	0 = No, 1 = Yes
Online reservation of health care projects	0 = No, 1 = Yes

Characteristics	Frequency	Proportion (%)
Sex
Male	1,501	27.8
Female	3,907	72.2
Residence
Urban	1,215	22.5
Rural	4,193	77.5
Age (years)
Average	19.75 ± 1.345
Major
Liberal arts	2,768	51.2
Science	1,519	28.1
Engineering course	561	10.4
Art	560	10.4
Parental education level
PhD/Masters’ degree	14	0.3
University	763	14.1
College	488	9.0
Middle school or below	4,143	76.6

OHI-seeking behaviors	Male		Female		p
OHI-seeking behaviors	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
Finding information about physical exercises	0.52	0.500	0.38	0.486	< 0.001
Reading or sharing health information via social media (e.g., Weibo and WeChat)	0.39	0.485	0.48	0.500	< 0.001
Finding nutrition and diet information	0.38	0.485	0.49	0.500	< 0.001
Finding hospital or doctor information	0.29	0.452	0.24	0.427	< 0.001
Finding health or medical information	0.26	0.436	0.28	0.448	0.114
Finding smoking or drinking cessation information	0.09	0.290	0.02	0.153	< 0.001
Joining a disease-specific online community	0.05	0.227	0.02	0.122	< 0.001
Making online healthcare reservations	0.03	0.159	0.01	0.109	0.002
Finding information about physical exercises	0.03	0.183	0.02	0.134	0.002

OHI-seeking behaviors	OR (CI 95%)	p
Male
Finding information about hospitals or doctors	2.171 (1.035–4.551)	0.040
Finding information about physical exercises	0.756 (0.360–1.590)	0.461
Finding information about smoking cessation	0.720 (0.171–3.033)	0.654
Finding health or medical information	1.396 (0.632–3.082)	0.409
Finding information about drinking cessation	1.650 (0.401–6.789)	0.488
Reading or sharing health information via social media (e.g., Weibo and WeChat)	1.941 (0.942–4.002)	0.072
Finding information about nutrition and diet	0.806 (0.382–1.703)	0.573
Attending a specific disease internet community	1.315 (0.207–8.348)	0.772
Online reservation of health care projects	2.396 (0.598–9.607)	0.217
Female
Finding information about hospitals or doctors	1.785 (1.212–2.628)	0.003
Finding information about physical exercises	0.850 (0.579–1.246)	0.405
Finding information about smoking cessation	0.989 (0.307–3.184)	0.986
Finding health or medical information	1.211 (0.817–1.796)	0.341
Finding information about drinking cessation	1.279 (0.327–5.003)	0.724
Reading or sharing health information via social media (e.g., Weibo and WeChat)	0.722 (0.497–1.051)	0.089
Finding information about nutrition and diet	0.936 (0.649–1.351)	0.724
Attending a specific disease internet community	2.573 (0.877–7.551)	0.085
Online reservation of health care projects	2.491 (1.056–5.876)	0.037

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[1] Note: Self-report the following behaviors that you have engaged in while surfing the Internet in the past 6 months. Then, select “0 = No” or “1 = Yes.” Table 1 was referenced from the literature(¹⁸) and revised.