Dolor crónico y factores asociados al teletrabajo durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en Brasil

Silvestre, Brenda Alves; Miotto, Luiz Paulo; Gramani-Say, Karina; Barbosa, Maria Helena; Hortense, Priscilla

doi:10.1590/0034-7167-2023-0012

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. Bras. Enferm. 76 (Suppl 1) • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2023-0012 linkcopiar

Dolor crónico y factores asociados al teletrabajo durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en Brasil

Autoría SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Objetivo: Estimar la prevalencia del dolor crónico y su asociación con síntomas de ansiedad, trastornos del sueño y aspectos del trabajo remoto en el contexto de la pandemia de COVID-19.

Método: Estudio transversal y descriptivo realizado con 328 adultos que trabajan a distancia. Los datos se recopilaron en línea de febrero de 2021 a enero de 2022. Para la investigación del dolor y las evaluaciones del sueño y la ansiedad, se utilizó un cuestionario estructurado, el Cuestionario de Índice de Calidad del Sueño de Pittsburgh y el Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, respectivamente.

Resultados: La prevalencia de dolor crónico fue del 47,9% (IC del 95% = 42,5-53,3). Se identificaron asociaciones entre el dolor y la ansiedad, los trastornos del sueño y el tiempo sentado (p<0,01).

Conclusión: La prevalencia del dolor crónico en el trabajo a distancia fue alta, con dolor de intensidad moderada asociado a la ansiedad, los trastornos del sueño y el tiempo sentado.

Descriptores:
Dolor Crónico; Calidad del Sueño; Ansiedad; Teletrabajo; COVID-19

Variables	Frequency (%)
Sex
Male	147 (44.8)
Female	181 (55.2)
Skin color
White	223 (68.0)
Brown/Mixed	70 (21.3)
Black	13 (4.0)
Yellow/Asian	14 (4.3)
Indigenous	1 (0.3)
Unknown/Ignored	7 (2.1)
Marital status
Single	154 (47.0)
Married	113 (34.5)
Divorced	7 (2.1)
Living with partner	54 (16.5)
Education level
High school completed	6 (1.8)
College/university completed	283 (86.3)
College/university incomplete	39 (11.9)
Family income before the pandemic
Up to 1 minimum wage	4 (1.2)
From 1 to 4 minimum wages	81 (24.7)
From 4 to 10 minimum wages	149 (45.4)
More than 10 minimum wages	94 (28.7)
Current family income
Up to 1 minimum wage	3 (0.9)
From 1 to 4 minimum wages	78 (23.8)
From 4 to 10 minimum wages	143 (43.6)
More than 10 minimum wages	104 (31.7)
Children
Yes	85 (25.9)
No	243 (74.1)
Who they live with
With 2 or more people	154 (47.0)
With one person	136 (41.5)
Alone	38 (11.6)

Remote work during the pandemic	Frequency (%)(1)
Period
Full-time	244 (74.4)
Part-time	84 (25.6)
Hours worked per day
Up to 6 hours of work	54 (16.5)
From 6 to 10 hours of work	216 (65.9)
More than 10 hours of work	58 (17.7)
Time spent sitting per day (in hours)
Less than 4 hours	17 (5.2)
From 4 to 6 hours	34 (10.4)
From 6 to 8 hours	71 (21.7)
From 8 to 10 hours	123 (37.5)
From 10 to 12 hours	44 (13.4)
More than 12 hours	39 (11.9)
Social behavior
Isolation	17 (5.2)
Leaving home as usual	34 (10.4)
Leaving home only when necessary	277 (84.5)

Models	PR	95% CI		p value⁽¹⁾
Anxiety symptoms
Pain intensity	1.11	1.03	1.20	<0.01
Chronic pain (yes/no)	1.69	1.30	2.21	<0.01
Sleep disorder
Pain intensity	1.24	1.10	1.40	<0.01
Chronic pain (yes/no)	2.56	1.59	4.12	<0.01

Chronic pain	PR	95% CI		p value⁽¹⁾
Age	1.01	0.99	1.02	0.46
Sex (female/male)	1.15	0.90	1.48	0.26
Marital status (with/without partner)	1.07	0.84	1.37	0.57
Completed education (higher/secondary)	1.16	0.80	1.68	0.42
Current family income (4 minimum wages or more/up to 4 minimum wages)	1.00	0.75	1.35	0.98
Has children (yes/no)	1.11	0.80	1.53	0.54
Who they live with (2 or more/1 person)	0.86	0.66	1.11	0.25
Who they live with (2 or more/alone)	1.13	0.70	1.83	0.61
Who they live with (1 person/alone)	1.32	0.84	2.09	0.23
Engages in physical activity during the pandemic (no/yes)	1.20	0.96	1.51	0.11
Smoking habit (yes/no)	1.18	0.74	1.87	0.49
Consumes alcoholic beverages (never/regularly)	1.11	0.76	1.62	0.58
Consumes alcoholic beverages (never/socially)	1.07	0.84	1.37	0.58
Consumes alcoholic beverages (regularly/socially)	0.96	0.68	1.37	0.83
Home office (exclusively/partially)	1.05	0.79	1.38	0.75
Sitting time (12h or more/10h-12h)	1.34	0.87	2.06	0.18
Sitting time (12h or more/8h-10h)	1.23	0.87	1.75	0.24
Sitting time (12h or more/6h-8h)	1.02	0.70	1.48	0.92
Sitting time (12h or more/up to 6h)	3.35	1.73	6.47	<0.01
Sitting time (10h-12h/8h-10h)	0.92	0.63	1.34	0.66
Sitting time (10h-12h/6h-8h)	0.76	0.52	1.12	0.16
Sitting time (10h-12h/up to 6h)	2.50	1.28	4.86	<0.01
Sitting time (8h-10h/6h-8h)	0.83	0.64	1.07	0.15
Sitting time (8h-10h/up to 6h)	2.72	1.49	4.97	<0.01
Sitting time (6h-8h/up to 6h)	3.28	1.81	5.97	<0.01
Working hours per day (up to 6h/6h-10h)	0.99	0.70	1.39	0.95
Working hours per day (up to 6h/more than 10h)	1.16	0.75	1.80	0.51
Working hours per day (6h-10h/more than 10h)	1.17	0.85	1.63	0.34

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[TFN1] ⁽¹⁾
Values are presented as average ± standard deviation or as absolute and relative frequencies.