Perfil Sociodemográfico y de salud de la coinfección tuberculosis/VIH en Brasil: revisión sistemática

Bastos, Shyrlaine Honda; Taminato, Mônica; Fernandes, Hugo; Figueiredo, Tânia Maria Ribeiro Monteiro de; Nichiata, Lúcia Yasuko Izumi; Hino, Paula

doi:10.1590/0034-7167-2018-0285

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REVIEW • Rev. Bras. Enferm. 72 (5) • Sep-Oct 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2018-0285 linkcopiar

Perfil Sociodemográfico y de salud de la coinfección tuberculosis/VIH en Brasil: revisión sistemática

Autoría SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Objetivo: conocer la manera en que se presenta el perfil epidemiológico de la coinfección tuberculosis/VIH en escenarios brasileños.

Método: se trata de una revisión sistemática realizada por medio de búsqueda electrónica en las bases de datos PubMed, EMBASE, LILACS y SciELO, y tiene como criterio de inclusión artículos de base nacional sobre la coinfección tuberculosis/VIH.

Resultados: de un total de 174 estudios, se seleccionaron 15 que revelan el perfil epidemiológico de la coinfección en diferentes escenarios brasileños: sexo masculino, edad económicamente activa, baja escolaridad, color de piel pardo/negro, baja renta, heterosexual, forma clínica pulmonar, alcoholismo y realización de Tratamiento Directamente Observado.

Conclusión: el perfil sociodemográfico y epidemiológico de personas que presentan la coinfección TB/VIH tiene un estándar de incidencia esperado, corroborado por hallazgos en la literatura, ya sea en el ámbito nacional o por agrupamiento de los estudios por región o estado.

Descriptores:
Tuberculosis; Síndrome de la Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida; Coinfección; Enfermería en Salud Comunitaria; Salud Pública

Citation	Study scenario	Study design	Sociodemographic profile	Clinical features and outcome	Strobe
Domingos MP, Caiaffa WT, Colosimo EA. Mortalidade, co-infecção por HIV/AIDS e abandono do tratamento como fatores prognósticos para tuberculose em Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil. Cad Saúde Pública 2008; 24(4):887-96⁽⁹⁾	Recife	Cohort (from January 1, 1996 to December 31, 2000)	Males aged from 40 to 49 years old.	Mixed form, age > 50 years old associated with death.	A
Maruza M, Ximenes RAA, Lacerda HR. Desfecho do tratamento e confirmação laboratorial do diagnóstico de tuberculose em pacientes com HIV/AIDS no Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil. J Bras Pneumol 2008;34(6):394-403⁽¹⁰⁾	Recife	Cohort (July 2002 to June 2004)	Males with mean age corresponding to 36 years old.	Pulmonary form, cure (56.1%), abandonment of treatment (11.5%), death (29%).	A
Carvalho BM, Monteiro AJ, Pires Neto R da J, Grangeiro TB, Frota CC. Fatores relacionados à coinfecção HIV/tuberculose em um hospital brasileiro de referência. Braz J Infect Dis 2008;12(4):281-6⁽¹¹⁾	Fortaleza	Case-control (January 2004 to December 2005)	Males aged between 41 and 45 years old with less than 8 years of education.	Alcohol and smoking not related to TB, number of CD4 cells/µl <200.	B
Santos-Neto M, Silva FL, Sousa KR, Yamamura M, Popolin MP, Arcêncio RA. Perfil clínico e epidemiológico e prevalência da coinfecção tuberculose/HIV em uma regional de saúde no Maranhão. J Bras Pneumol 2012;38(6):724-32⁽¹²⁾	Maranhão	Cohort (January 2001 to December 2010)	Males aged from 20 to 40 years old, mixed ethnicity, up to 4 years of education, urban residence.	Pulmonary form, DOT (57%), cure (62%).	B
Barbosa IR, Costa ICC. Estudo epidemiológico da coinfecção tuberculose-HIV no nordeste do Brasil. Rev Patol Trop 2014;43(1):27-38⁽¹³⁾	Northeastern States	Cohort (2002 to 2011)	Males aged from 15 to 39 years old, Pernambuco having shown the highest co-infection rate.	Pulmonary clinical form, cure (39%), 8.9% lethality rate.	B
Santos ML, Ponce MA, Vendramini SH, Villa TC, Santos NS, Wysocki AD, Kuyumijian FG, Gazetta CE. A dimensão epidemiológica da coinfecção TB/HIV. Rev Latino-am Enfermagem 2009; 17(5):683-8⁽¹⁴⁾	Sao Jose do Rio Preto	Cohort (from January 1998 to December 31, 2006)	Males aged from 20 to 59 years old, most of whom did not finish elementary school.	Pulmonary form, DOT (46%), cure outcome (33%) followed by death (14.3%) and no cases of abandonment of treatment.	B
Vendramini SH, Santos NS, Santos Mde L, Chiaravalloti-Neto F, Ponce MA, Gazetta CE, Villa TCS, Ruffino-Netto A. Análise espacial da co-infecção tuberculose/HIV: relação com níveis socioeconômicos em município do sudeste do Brasil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2010;43(5):536-41⁽¹⁵⁾	Sao Jose do Rio Preto	Ecological	Up to 3 years of education, income of 2 to 3 minimum wages, association of the rate of co-infection with population from the lower classes.	Data not found.	B
Brunello ME, Chiaravalloti-Neto F, Arcêncio RA, Andrade RL, Magnabosco GT, Villa TC. Áreas de vulnerabilidade para co-infecção HIV-aids/TB em Ribeirão Preto, SP. Rev Saúde Pública 2011;45(3):556-63⁽¹⁶⁾	Ribeirão Preto	Ecological	Males aged from 20 to 39 years old, with 4 to 7 years of education, an intermediate and lower socioeconomic status being associated with higher incidence rates.	Pulmonary clinical form, supervised treatment (48%), cure (48%), abandonment (4.2%), death not related to TB (25%).	B
Hino P, Takahashi RF, Bertolozzi MR, Egry EY. Coinfecção de TB/HIV em um distrito administrativo do Município de São Paulo. Acta Paul Enferm 2012;25(5):755-61⁽¹⁷⁾	São Paulo	Cross-sectional	Males aged from 30 to 39 years old, with 4 to 7 years of education.	Pulmonary clinical form, self-administered treatment (48.8%), DOT (34.6%), cure (47.5%) and abandonment of treatment (13%).	B
Rodrigues-Júnior AL, Ruffino-Netto A, de Castilho EA. Distribuição espacial do índice de desenvolvimento humano, da infecção pelo HIV e da comorbidade AIDS-tuberculose: Brasil, 1982-2007. Rev Bras Epidemiol 2014;17(Suppl DSS):204-15⁽¹⁸⁾	Brasil	Ecological	Males aged from 20 to 34 years old, heterosexual, the higher rates found in the Southeast and South being associated with the high HDI of these regions up to 1997 and its decline after 1998.	Data not found.	B
Gaspar RS, Nunes N, Nunes M, Rodrigues VP. Análise temporal dos casos notificados de tuberculose e de coinfecção tuberculose HIV na população brasileira no período entre 2002 e 2012. J Bras Pneumol 2016;42(6):416-22⁽¹⁹⁾	Brasil	Cross-sectional	Males, although higher incidence was found in women; reduction in the age group from 0 to 9 years old, and increase in other age ranges, especially for those over 60 years old; increased incidence in the North, Northeast and Midwest regions, decrease in the Southeast region.	Lower chance of cure (50.7%) in relation to individuals with TB only (71.1%), increased rate of abandonment of treatment (13.6%) and greater chance of death (3.6%).	B
Prado TN, Rajan JV, Miranda AE, Dias ED, Cosme LB, Possuelo LG, Sanchez MN, Golub JE, Riley LW, Maciel EL. Clinical and epidemiological characteristics associated with unfavorable tuberculosis treatment outcomes in TB-HIV co-infected patients in Brazil: a hierarchical polytomous analysis. Braz J Infect Dis 2017;21(2):162-70⁽²⁰⁾	Brasil	Cross-sectional	Males aged from 20 to 59 years old, with 4 to 7 years of education.	Alcoholism, pulmonary form, higher rate of death among black and mixed-race individuals, and for those over 60 years old.	B
Lima MD, Martins-Melo FR, Heukelbach J, Alencar CH, Boigny RN, Ramos-Júnior AN. Mortalidade relacionada à coinfecção tuberculose e HIV/AIDS no Brasil, 2000-2011: padrões epidemiológicos e tendências temporais. Cad. Saúde Pública 2016;32(10):1-11⁽⁵⁾	Brasil	Cross-sectional	Single males aged from 30 to 39 years old, black, with 4 to 7 years of education.	Greater mortality of individuals residing in the South and Southeast regions.	A
Magno EDS, Saraceni V, Souza AB, Magno RDS, Saraiva MDGG, Buhrer-Sékula S. Fatores associados à coinfecção tuberculose e HIV: o que apontam os dados de notificação do Amazonas, Brasil, 2001- 2012. Cad. Saúde Pública 2017; 33(5):e00019315⁽²¹⁾	Amazonas	Cross-sectional	Mixed race, heterosexual males aged from 25 to 39 years old, residing in the capital.	Pulmonary form. Death (30.9%).	A
Oliveira NF, Gonçalves MJ. Fatores sociais e ambientais associados à hospitalização de pacientes com tuberculose. Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem 2013;21(2):507-14⁽²²⁾	Manaus	Cross-sectional	Males aged from 20 to 29 years old, with 4 to 10 years of education, who did not own a house and lived in a masonry, working with daily garbage collection.	Use of alcohol (50.8%).	B

Scenario	Sex	Age (years)	Education level (years)	Ethnicity	Sexual orientation	Socioeconomic level	Clinical TB manifestation	Alcohol/Tobacco (%)	Type of treatment (%)	Cure (%)	Abandonment (%)	Death (%)
Brasil	Male/fem	20- > 60	4-7	Black	Heterosexual	____	Pulmonary	Alcohol	____	50.7	13.6	3.6
Northeast	Male	15-49	Up to 8	Mixed race	____	____	Pulmonary/Mixed	Non-related	DOT 57	39-62	11.5	8.9-29
Southeast	Male	20-59	3-7	____	____	Low	Pulmonary	____	DOT (34.6 - 48), AT (48.8)	33-48	0-13	14.3-25
North	Male	20-39	4-10	Mixed race	Heterosexual	Low	Pulmonary	Alcohol 50.8	____	____	____	30.9

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