Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of FFI to Brazilian Portuguese version: FFI - Brazil

Yi, Liu Chiao; Staboli, Isabela Maschk; Kamonseki, Danilo Harudy; Budiman-Mak, Elly; Arie, Eduardo Kenzo

doi:10.1016/j.rbr.2014.11.004

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Original articles • Rev. Bras. Reumatol. 55 (5) • Sep-Oct 2015 • https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbr.2014.11.004 linkcopy

Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of FFI to Brazilian Portuguese version: FFI - Brazil^☆

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Objective: Perform the translation and cultural adaptation of the questionnaire Foot Functional Index (FFI), which assesses the functionality of the foot, to the Brazilian Portuguese version.

Method: The Brazilian version development of FFI questionnaire was based on the guideline proposed by Guillemin. The applied process consisted of: (1) translation; (2) back-translation; (3) committee review; (4) pretesting. The Portuguese version was applied to 40 patients, both genders, aged over 18 years old, with plantar fasciitis and metatarsalgia to verify the level of the instrument comprehension. The final Brazilian version of the FFI was set after getting less than 15% of “not understanding” on each item.

Results: Some terms and expressions were changed to obtain cultural equivalence for FFI. The terms that were incomprehensible were changed in accordance of patient suggestions.

Conclusion: After the translation and cultural adaptation of the questionnaire, the final Portuguese version of FFI was concluded.

Keywords:
Function; Questionnaire; Translation; Foot

Questionnaire Item	V1 and V2	Modification for consensual version V3
A. Foot pain and disability index	V1 Índice de dor no pé e incapacidade	Dor no pé e índice de incapacidade
	V2 Dor no pé e índice de imobilidade
A. None of time	V1 Nenhuma parte do tempo	Nunca
	V2 Nunca
A. Disability	V1 Imobilidade	Incapacidade
	V2 Incapacidade
A3. Stay	V1 Fica	Fica
	V2 Permanece
B2. Uneven ground	V1 Piso irregular	Solo irregular
	V2 Solo irregular
B9. Walk fast	V1 Andar depressa	Andar rápido
	V2 Andar rápido
C1. At its worst	V1 Quando dói mais	Na pior dor
	V2 Na pior das hipóteses
C5. Wearing shoes	V1 Calçando sapatos	Calçado
	V2 Usando sapatos
C7. Wearing orthotics	V1 Usando aparelho ortopédico	Usando aparelho ortopédico
	V2 Usando palmilha ortopédica
C. Worst pain imaginable	V1 A pior dor imaginável	A pior dor imaginável
	V2 Pior dor que sentiu

V4 and V5. Questionnaire Item - Term	V6. Questionnaire Item - Term
B8. V4 Subir ou descer na calçada?	B8. Subir ou descer calçadas?
V5 Subir ou descer calçadas?
C1. V4 Quando dói mais?	C1. Na pior dor?
V5 Quando dói mais?
C5. V4 Quando anda com calçado?	C5. Quando anda calçado?
V5 Quando você anda com calçado?
C6: V4 Quando você está parada em pé com calçado?	C6. Quando fica em pé calçado?
V5 Quando você está em pé com calçado?

Not understood items	Patients (%)	Suggestions
1st phase of the Cognitive Interviews (n = 20)
Visual Analog Scale	14 (70%)	Numeral Scale of 10 points
C1. At worst pain?	11 (55%)	C1. At worst pain crisis?
C7. When wear orthotics?	1 (5%)	C7. In case you wear orthotics, when you walk wearing orthotics?

2nd phase of the Cognitive Interviews (n = 20)
No items "not understood"		No changes

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Sociedade Brasileira de Reumatologia Av Brigadeiro Luiz Antonio, 2466 - Cj 93., 01402-000 São Paulo - SP, Tel./Fax: 55 11 3289 7165 - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: sbre@terra.com.br

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[TFN04] V1, version in Portuguese by the first translator; V2, version in Portuguese by the second translator; V3, consensual version in Portuguese defined at the end of the initial phase of translation.

Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of FFI to Brazilian Portuguese version: FFI - Brazil☆

Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of FFI to Brazilian Portuguese version: FFI - Brazil^☆