ION-EXCHANGE RESIN TO EVALUATE SULPHUR AVAILABILITY IN SOILS

PROCHNOW, L. I.; BOARETTO, A. E.; VITTI, G. C.

doi:10.36783/18069657rbcs19972022

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Artigos • Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo 21 (2) • 1997 • https://doi.org/10.36783/18069657rbcs19972022 linkcopy

ION-EXCHANGE RESIN TO EVALUATE SULPHUR AVAILABILITY IN SOILS

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

To study the possibility of using ion-exchange resin to extract available sulphur from soil samples as have been used for P,K,CaP,K,Ca and MgMg extraction in routine analysis in Brazil, an experiment was conducted with soil samples taken from a citrus orchard, medium-textured dark-red latosol (Typic hapludox), located in Botucatu, State of São Paulo. In July of 1988 phosphogypsum was applied at rates of 0, 1, 2 and 4 t ha^-1 to establish increasing levels of sulphate in the soil. The amounts of sulphate in the leaves and in samples taken along the soil profile at the depths of 0-5, 5-10, 10-20, 20-40, 40-80 and 80-120 cm, using five different extraction procedures: CaCl₂, 1,5gL^-1; NH₄OAc 0,5 mol L^-1 in HOAc 0,25 mol L^-1; Ca(H₂PO₄)₂ 500 mg of P L^-1 in HOAc 2,0 mol L^-1, and ion-exchange resin in two soil resin:extractor (5:2,5:25 e 10:2,5:25) were determined 6,12 and 24 months after phosphogypsum application. The amounts of sulphur extracted by ion-exchange resin in either of the studied ratios were very close to those extracted by the ammonium acetate method. The ion-exchange resin methods also presented good correlations with other extractors traditionally used for sulphur availability determination. The results showed that resin, at soil:extractor ratio of 1:5 is a promising method for extracting available sulphur from the soil and hence, should be considered in future studies of sulphur availability in the soil.

Index terms
sulphur availability; ion-exchange resin; phosphogypsum; Sicilian lemon

Extrator(1)	Valor
Extrator(1)	Mínimo	Máximo	Médio
Cloreto	2,9	67,9	10,4
Acetato	3,7	118,7	31,5
Fosfato	2,4	79,6	16,7
Resina 5	4,9	100,6	27,5
Resina 10	6,4	122,7	30,5

Extrator(1)		r			Equações de regressão
Y	X	6	12	24	6	12	24
Cloreto	Resina 5	0,80	0,82	0,88	Y = −5,14 + 0,58X	Y = −0,92 + 0,43X	Y = 2,94 + 0,16X
Cloreto	Resina 10	0,81	0,63	0,83	Y = −5,19 + 0,50X	Y = −1,67 + 0,46X	Y = 2,45 + 0,15X
Acetato	Resina 5	0,84	0,93	0,91	Y = 5,86 + 1,09X	Y = 3,59 + 0,92X	Y = 4,95 + 0,86X
Acetato	Resina 10	0,86	0,80	0,91	Y = 5,82 + 0,94X	Y = −1,81 + 1,12X	Y = 1,12 + 0,88X
Fosfato	Resina 5	0,88	0,96	0,93	Y = −3,09 + 0,75X	Y = 4,28 + 0,50X	Y = 1,37 + 0,45X
Fosfato	Resina 10	0,90	0,86	0,94	Y = −3,33 + 0,65X	Y = 0,54 + 0,63X	Y = −0,82 + 0,46X
Resina 5	Resina 10	0,96	0,85	0,93	Y = 1,57 + 0,81X	Y = −5,15 + 1,19X	Y = −2,86 + 0,96X

Elemento	Faixa de teores obtidos		𝐫	Equação de regressão(1)
Elemento	Original(2)	Modificado	𝐫	Equação de regressão(1)
P	1 a 19	1 a 22	0,93	Y = 0,80 + 0,93X
K	0,1 a 1,4	0,1 a 1,4	0,57	Y = 0,014 + 0,51X
Ca	2,0 a 54,0	2,0 a 39,0	0,96	Y = 0,20 + 0,83X
Mg	1,0 a 24,0	1,0 a 25,0	0,96	Y = 0,06 + 1,07X

Gesso	Meses após a aplicação
Gesso	6	12	24
t ha⁻¹	----------------------------------------------- g kg⁻¹ ---------------------------------------------
0	2,26 c	2,26 c	2,44 a
1	2,54 bc	2,50 c	2,47 a
2	2,97 ab	2,76 b	2,59 a
4	3,36 a	3,28 a	2,53 a

Amostragem	Extrator (1)
Amostragem	Cloreto(2)	Acetato(2)	Fosfato(2)	Resina 5(2)	Resina 10(2)
6	0,71*	0,71*	0,73*	0,64*	0,66*
12	0,74*	0,69*	0,82*	0,75*	0,68*
24	0,08ns	0,26ns	0,19ns	0,27ns	0,42*

location_on

Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, Departamento de Solos - Edifício Silvio Brandão, s/n, Caixa Postal 231 - Campus da UFV, CEP 36570-900 - Viçosa-MG, Tel.: (31) 3612-4542 - Viçosa - MG - Brazil
E-mail: sbcs@sbcs.org.br

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[tfn01] ⁽¹⁾
Cloreto = CaCl₂ 1,5 g L⁻¹; Acetato = NH₄OAc 0,5 mol L⁻¹em HOAc 0,25 mol L⁻¹; Fosfato = Ca (H₂PO₄)₂ 500 mg² de P L⁻¹ em HOAc 2,0 mol L⁻¹; Resina 5 = resina trocadora de íons empregando 5 cm³ de terra, 2,5 cm³ de resina e 25 mL de NH₄Cl 0,8 mol L⁻¹ em HCl 0,2 mol L⁻¹; Resina 10 = resina trocadora de íons empregando 10 cm³ de terra, 2,5 cm³ de resina e 25 mL de NH₄Cl 0,8 mol L⁻¹ em HCl 0,2 mol L⁻¹.