Effect of an Enzyme Blend on the Performance, Diet Metabolizability, Phosphorous Retention, and Bone Mineralization of Broilers Fed Diets Containing Defatted Rice Bran

Moraes, ML; Ledur, VS; Kessler, AM; Machado, PHM; Della, MP; Ribeiro, AML

doi:10.1590/1516-635x1702191-198

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Articles • Rev. Bras. Cienc. Avic. 17 (2) • Apr-Jun 2015 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-635x1702191-198 linkcopy

Effect of an Enzyme Blend on the Performance, Diet Metabolizability, Phosphorous Retention, and Bone Mineralization of Broilers Fed Diets Containing Defatted Rice Bran

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of an enzyme blend (EB) on the performance, diet metabolizability, phosphorus (P) retention, and bone mineralization of broilers fed diets containing 10% defatted rice bran (DRB). In total, 432 one- to 38-d-old male Cobb broilers were evaluated according to a completely randomized experimental design in 3 x 2 factorial arrangement. Three diets were tested with two nutrient reductions (NR) in the matrix (standard diet; NR I of 75 kcal/kg ME, 0.1% Ca and 0.1% available P; and NR II of 100 kcal/kg ME, 0.1% Ca and 0.1% available P) with or without the addition of an EB (200 g/t). The coefficients of total tract apparent retention (CTTAR) of the diets and P retention were determined by collecting excreta during two periods (14 to 17 and 28 to 31 d). As expected, birds fed the standard diet had higher BW, BW gain, and G:F compared to birds on the NR diets. The EB did not show any positive effects on CTTAR or on performance; however, birds fed the EB retained 6.58% more P from d 14 to 17 (p ≤ 0.07) and 8.55% from d 28 to 31 (p < 0.05). Tibiotarsus ash percentage also increased by 2.45% (p ≤ 0.06) on d 38. In diets containing 10% DRB, the enzyme blend showed biological activity improving P retention and tibiotarsus mineralization.

Broiler chicken; defatted rice bran; enzyme blend; metabolism; mineral retention; performance

		Starter diet (1 to 21 d)			Grower diet (21 to 38 d)
Item		ST / ST+EB	NR I / NR I+EB	NR II / NR II+EB	ST / ST+EB	NR I / NR I+EB	NR II / NR II+EB
Ingredients (%)
	Corn	40.73	43.51	44.09	45.75	48.53	49.11
	Soybean meal (45% CP)	39.00	38.50	38.41	32.54	32.07	31.97
	Defatted rice bran¹	10.0	10.0	10.0	10.0	10.0	10.0
	Vegetable fat	6.33	4.54	4.06	7.80	6.01	5.53
	Limestone	1.26	1.30	1.30	1.29	1.33	1.33
	Monodicalcium phosphate	1.64	1.08	1.08	1.58	1.01	1.01
	Salt	0.46	0.46	0.46	0.46	0.46	0.46
	DL-Met	0.26	0.26	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
	L-Lys HCl	0.11	0.12	0.12	0.15	0.16	0.16
	Monensin (200 g/kg)	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05
	Choline chloride (600 g/kg)	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.04	0.04	0.04
	Mineral premix^{2, 3}	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.06	0.06	0.06
	Vitamin premix^{4, 5}	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.03	0.03	0.03
	Enzyme blend⁶	- / 0.02	- / 0.02	- / 0.02	- / 0.02	- / 0.02	- / 0.02
Chemical composition (calculated)⁷
	Metabolizable energy (kcal/kg)	3,050	2,975	2,950	3,150	3,075	3,050
	Crude protein (%)	21.5	21.5	21.5	20.0	20.0	20.0
	Ca (%)	0.95	0.85	0.85	0.90	0.80	0.80
	Available P (%)	0.45	0.35	0.35	0.42	0.32	0.32
	Na (%)	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20
	SID⁸ Arginine (%)	1.33	1.32	1.32	1.28	1.28	1.27
	SID Lysine (%)	1.16	1.16	1.16	1.09	1.09	1.09
	SID Methionine + Cystine (%)	0.86	0.86	0.86	0.78	0.78	0.78
	SID Methionine (%)	0.54	0.54	0.54	0.52	0.52	0.52
	SID Tryptophan (%)	0.26	0.25	0.25	0.22	0.22	0.22
	SID Threonine (%)	0.71	0.71	0.71	0.66	0.66	0.66

	Enzyme blend			Nutrient Reduction				p-value
Item	-	+	SEM²	Standard	I³	II⁴	SEM	EB	NR	EB x NR
BW, g⁵
d 21	994	1,011	8.8	1,027^a	977^b	1,004^ab	10.8	0.18	0.01	0.70
d 38	2,474	2,502	30.6	2,476	2,492	2,497	37.4	0.52	0.92	0.28
Feed intake, g
Starter period	1,221	1,234	10.2	1,224	1,232	1,228	12.4	0.38	0.90	0.98
Grower period	2,617	2,599	38.5	2,547	2,601	2,677	47.2	0.75	0.16	0.57
Overall	3,835	3,828	40.6	3,770	3,819	3,905	49.7	0.90	0.17	0.58
BWG, g⁶
Starter period	943	961	8.8	976^a	926^b	954^ab	10.7	0.16	0.01	0.67
Grower period	1,488	1,455	28.2	1,448	1,495	1,471	34.5	0.42	0.64	0.78
Overall	2,409	2,413	28.9	2,398	2,409	2,425	35.4	0.92	0.85	0.32
G:F⁷
Starter period	0.772	0.779	0.008	0.797^a	0.752^c	0.777^b	0.010	0.34	0.001	0.62
Grower period	0.569	0.560	0.021	0.569	0.575	0.549	0.026	0.80	0.09	0.71
Overall	0.628	0.630	0.009	0.636^a	0.631^ab	0.621^b	0.011	0.36	0.05	0.60

		Enzyme blend			Nutrient Reduction				p-value
Item		-	+	SEM²	Standard	I³	II⁴	SEM	EB	NR	EB x NR
14 to 17 d
	CTTAR of DM	0.674	0.674	0.360	0.683^a	0.661^b	0.677^a	0.441	0.88	0.003	0.45
	CTTAR of CP	0.653	0.661	0.473	0.673^a	0.674^a	0.624^b	0.580	0.24	0.001	0.10
	CTTAR of GE	0.737	0.739	0.293	0.749^a	0.725^b	0.740^a	0.359	0.71	0.001	0.26
	AME, kcal/kg	3035	3055	12.11	3129^a	2978^c	3028^b	14.83	0.26	0.001	0.07
28 to 31 d
	CTTAR of DM	0.698	0.692	0.415	0.696^ab	0.686^b	0.703^a	0.508	0.36	0.070	0.94
	CTTAR of CP	0.656	0.654	0.408	0.669^a	0.665^a	0.630^b	0.500	0.73	0.001	0.21
	CTTAR of GE	0.762	0.757	0.357	0.767^a	0.750^b	0.762^ab	0.437	0.30	0.030	0.99
	AME, kcal/kg	3,141	3,127	14.71	3,193^a	3,090^b	3,118^b	18.01	0.51	0.001	0.46

	Period
Item	14 - 17 d	28 - 31 d	SEM	p-value
CTTAR of DM, %	67.4^b	69.5^a	0.3	0.001
CTTAR of GE, %	73.8^b	76.0^a	0.2	0.001
CTTAR of CP, %	65.7	65.3	0.4	0.52

		Enzyme blend			Nutrient Reduction			p-value
Item		-	+	SEM²	Standard	I + II³	SEM	EB	NR	EB x NR
P retention, g
	14 to 17 d	0.71^b	0.76^a	0.02	0.79^a	0.69^b	0.02	0.07	0.001	0.40
	28 to 31 d	1.07^b	1.17^a	0.04	1.16	1.08	0.04	0.04	0.1	0.90

		Enzyme blend			Nutrient Reduction			p-value
Item		-	+	SEM²	Standard	I + II³	SEM	EB	NR	EB x NR
Bone mineralization, %
	d 21	37.8	37.7	0.23	37.9	37.7	0.23	0.79	0.52	0.98
	d 38	35.8^b	36.7^a	0.35	36.1	36.3	0.34	0.06	0.76	0.69

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[TFN01] 1Chemical composition: Dry matter, 89.13%; crude protein, 15.11%; ash, 10.64%; gross energy, 3,634 kcal/kg. 2Supply per kg of starter diet: Cu, 15 mg as copper sulfate; Fe, 80 mg as ferrous sulfate; I, 1.2 mg as potassium iodide; Mn, 150 mg as manganous oxide; Se, 0.3 mg as sodium selenite; and Zn, 100 mg as zinc oxide. 3Supply per kg of grower diet: Cu, 9 mg as copper sulfate; Fe, 48 mg as ferrous sulfate; I, 0.72 mg as potassium iodide; Mn, 90 mg as manganous oxide; Se, 0.3 mg as sodium selenite; and Zn, 60 mg as zinc oxide. 4Supply per kg of starter diet: vitamin A, 116,600 IU; vitamin D, 2,800 IU; vitamin E, 26 mg; vitamin K, 3 mg; vitamin B1, 3 mg; vitamin B2, 9 mg; vitamin B6, 4.5 mg; vitamin B12, 20 µg; pantothenic acid, 22 mg; niacin, 66 mg; folic acid, 1.2 mg; and biotin, 100 µg. 5Supply per kg of grower diet: vitamin A, 696,0 IU; vitamin D, 1,680 IU; vitamin E, 15.6 mg; vitamin K, 1.8 mg; vitamin B1, 1.8 mg; vitamin B2, 5.4 mg; vitamin B6, 2.7 mg; vitamin B12, 12 µg; pantothenic acid, 13.2 mg; niacin, 39.6 mg; folic acid, 0.72 mg; and biotin, 60 µg. 6Allzyme SSF(r), composed of alpha-amylase, beta-glucanase, cellulase, pectinase, phytase, fungal protease, and xylanase; derived from Aspergillus niger. 7Rostagno et al. (2005). 8SID = standardized ileal digestible values (Rostagno et al., 2005). ST = standard diet; NR I = diet with nutrient reduction (less 75 kcal ME/kg, 0.1% of Ca, and 0.1% of available P than in the standard diet); NR II = diet with nutrient reduction (less 100 kcal ME/kg, 0.1% of Ca, and 0.1% of available P than the standard diet); EB = enzyme blend.