Intervenção psicológica com foco em personalidade: é possível buscar sua melhor versão?

Pires, Jeferson Gervasio; Narciso, Fabiano de Araujo; Nunes, Carlos Henrique Sancineto da Silva; Nunes, Maiana Farias Oliveira; Martins, Ellen Pittiaglini; Silva, Luiz Eraldo Almeida; Souza, Maria Eduarda Alexandre de; Machado, João Batista Rios; Silva, Letícia Isabele da; Moreira, Thalita

doi:10.1590/1413-8271202530e294176

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Research report • Psico-USF 30 • 2025 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-8271202530e294176 linkcopiar

Intervenção psicológica com foco em personalidade: é possível buscar sua melhor versão?

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

A presente pesquisa investigou a validade de uma intervenção psicológica para universitários, com foco no desenvolvimento da personalidade e na promoção do envelhecimento saudável. Participaram 42 estudantes (83% mulheres, M=27 anos), randomizados em grupo experimental (GE) e controle (GC). A intervenção visou modificar traços de personalidade com o intuito de promover amadurecimento psicológico. Foram realizadas análises de variância com medidas repetidas e modelagem de equações estruturais. Os resultados indicaram reduções significativas nos sintomas de depressão e na distância em relação ao protótipo de personalidade saudável, com efeitos mediados pelo amadurecimento. Também foi observada diminuição no neuroticismo, traço comumente relacionado a sofrimento emocional. Os achados demonstram a possibilidade de realizar mudanças intencionais na personalidade por meio de intervenções estruturadas. Conclui-se que programas preventivos podem contribuir com o envelhecimento saudável, favorecendo a regulação emocional e a adaptação psicológica ao longo da vida.

Palavras-chave:
traços de personalidade; mudança; psicologia da saúde; maturidade emocional

Sociodemographic Variables		CG	EG
Gender	Female	14	19
Gender	Male	6	3
Age	Average	25,61	27,71
Age	Standard deviation	8,19	10,88
Marital status	Single	11	14
	Married/Cohabiting	8	7
	Divorced/Widowed	1	1
Education	Incomplete higher education	17	19
	Complete higher education	3	0
	Complete postgraduate education	0	3
Physical activity	Does not exercise at all	4	4
	1 to 2 times a week	7	5
	3 to 5 times a week	5	8
	5 to 7 times a week	4	5

Session	Objective	Practice or activity performed in the office and/or at home
1	Introduction and Alliance	Introduction to the program and development of the therapeutic alliance.
1	Introduction and Alliance	Administration of the NEO PI-R test.
2	Psychoeducation	Explanation about personality and healthy aging, as well as the healthy aging prototype. Presentation of the assumptions of Hannecke et al. (2014), and establishment of a commitment agreement.
3	Perception of personal traits	Feedback on the personality profile assessed with the NEO PI-R.
		Identification of very high or very low facets in the NEO PI-R.
		Task: observe and record behaviors during the week that illustrate these maladjustments.
4	Identification of Maladaptive Traits	Explanation of the participant’s current personality traits and how distant they are from the prototype of healthy aging.
4	Identification of Maladaptive Traits	Discussion of behaviors observed during the week.
5	Selection of Change Goals	Selection of personality facets as targets for change.
5	Selection of Change Goals	Homework: daily practice of easy-level behaviors related to the selected goals.
6	Discussion of the task performed. Identification of Resistances. Selection of New Goals, Increasing Difficulty.	Discussion of the task performed and identification of resistances, with adjustments to make them feasible.
6		Homework: practice of medium-level behaviors related to the selected goals.
7		Discussion of the task performed and identification of resistances, with adjustments to make them feasible
7		Homework: practice of medium-level behaviors related to the selected goals.
8		Discussion of the task performed and identification of resistances, with adjustments to make them feasible
8		Homework: practice of difficult-level behaviors related to the selected goals.
9		Discussion of the task performed and identification of resistances, with adjustments to make them feasible
9		Homework: practice of medium-level behaviors related to the selected goals.
10	Feedback	Conclusion of the practices. Comparison of the initial profile with the final profile.

Variables	Control Group				Experimental Group
Variables	Assessment 1	Assessment 2	Assessment 3	Assessment 4	Assessment 1	Assessment 2	Assessment 3	Assessment 4
Openness	1,18 (0,58)	1,23 (0,50)	1,07 (0,55)	0,87 (0,41)	1,19 (0,66)	1,05 (0,63)	1,26 (0,60)	1,37 (0,56)
Conscientiousness	1,10 (0,68)	0,64 (0,63)	0,70 (0,57)	0,68 (0,61)	0,96 (0,81)	0,75 (0,68)	0,96 (0,60)	1,06 (0,57)
Extraversion	0,93 (0,80)	1,18 (0,57)	1,01 (0,62)	0,94 (0,59)	0,80 (0,98)	0,94 (0,61)	1,13 (0,70)	1,24 (0,70)
Agreeableness	1,13 (0,59)	1,16 (0,30)	1,09 (0,47)	1,02 (0,43)	1,39 (0,56)	1,18 (0,59)	1,33 (0,45)	1,35 (0,48)
Neuroticism	0,08 (0,71)	0,17 (0,58)	0,22 (0,62)	0,29 (0,53)	-0,07 (0,58)	-0,15 (0,75)	-0,19 (0,54)	-0,25 (0,66)
Maturity	3,37 (0,50)	3,54 (0,56)	3,50 (0,60)	3,42 (0,54)	3,47 (0,64)	3,63 (0,68)	3,82 (0,43)	3,87 (0,50)
Depression	19,88(11,01)	19,11(11,94)	15,94(10,62)	17,38(11,26)	21,09(10,70)	12,10(10,74)	9,23 (7,94)	7,33 (5,76)
Anxiety	22,38(17,40)	18,83(16,48)	15,02(12,00)	16,05(10,27)	20,14(11,42)	15,19(12,74)	15,00(13,24)	8,66(9,74)
Healthy prototype	8,76 (0,62)	8,61 (0,63)	8,91 (0,73)	9,07 (0,72)	8,76 (0,81)	8,87 (0,79)	8,61 (0,76)	8,49 (0,76)

Models	Maturity	Group	Time	Group	Time
	Outcome	Maturity	Maturity	Outcome	Outcome
	B (p)	B (p)	B (p)	B (p)	B (p)
Maturity + BDI-2	-5,250 (p<0,001)	0,238 (p<0,001)	0,081 (p<0,001)	-4,370 (p<0,001)	-2,452 (p<0,001)
Maturity + BAI	-7,928 (p<0,001)	0,238 (p<0,001)	0,081 (p<0,001)	-1,434 (p=0,468)	-2,279 (p<0,001)
Maturity + Neuroticism	-0,436 (p<0,001)	0,238 (p<0,001)	0,081 (p<0,001)	-0,264 (p<0,001)	0,035 (p<0,001)
Maturity + Distance from the healthy prototype	-0,702 (p<0,001)	0,238 (p<0,001)	0,081 (p<0,001)	0,014 (p=0,895)	0,056 (p<0,001)

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Universidade de São Francisco, Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu em Psicologia R. Waldemar César da Silveira, 105, Vl. Cura D'Ars (SWIFT), Campinas - São Paulo, CEP 13045-510, Telefone: (19)3779-3771 - Campinas - SP - Brazil
E-mail: revistapsico@usf.edu.br

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[TFN1] Note. B values represent the regression coefficients from the mediational analysis, with confidence intervals adjusted using the bootstrap method. The coefficients represent the estimated effects in the SEM analysis. p values indicate the significance level for each predictor in the model.