Produção e composição de serrapilheira de genótipos de umbuzeiro

Donato, Sérgio Luiz Rodrigues; de Deus, Joel da Silva; Arantes, Alessandro de Magalhães; Rocha, Siderleia Silva; Rodrigues, Maria Geralda Vilela

doi:10.1590/S1678-3921.pab2025.v60.03651

Tabla de contenido Anterior Actual Siguiente

Pomology / Original Article • Pesq. agropec. bras. 60 • 2025 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1678-3921.pab2025.v60.03651 linkcopiar

Produção e composição de serrapilheira de genótipos de umbuzeiro

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produtividade, os teores e as quantidades acumuladas de nutrientes em serrapilheira de genótipos de umbuzeiro de diferentes origens. O experimento foi realizado em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso com 14 tratamentos, durante a safra 2020-2021, tendo-se utilizado plantas de 13 anos à época. Foram avaliados os genótipos BGU-44, BGU-45, BGU-47, BRS-48, BGU-50, BGU-75, BRS-68, EPAMIG-03, EPAMIG-04, EPAMIG-05, EPAMIG-06, EPAMIG-07, EPAMIG-09 e EPAMIG-13, com três repetições compostas de uma planta por parcela. As produtividades, teores e quantidades acumuladas de nutrientes da serrapilheira variaram entre os genótipos. A ordem decrescente da concentração de macronutrientes foi Ca>N>Mg>K>S>P, e a de micronutrientes foi Na, Fe>B>Mn>Na>Zn>Cu. As quantidades acumuladas de nutrientes estão mais associadas às produtividades de serrapilheira dos genótipos do que à concentração de nutrientes, já que as concentrações variaram pouco. Os genótipos BGU-61, EPAMIG-07 e EPAMIG-06 expressam maiores produtividades de serrapilheira e quantidades acumuladas de nutrientes, enquanto EPAMIG-05, BGU-75, BGU-44, BGU-50 e BGU-45, menores.

Termos para indexação
Spondias tuberosa ; acessos; adubação; ciclagem de nutrientes

Genotype	pH⁽¹⁾	OM⁽²⁾(g dm^-³)	P⁽³⁾	K⁽³⁾	Na⁽³⁾	Ca⁽⁴⁾	Mg⁽⁴⁾	Al⁴	H+Al⁽⁵⁾	SB	t	T	V	m	B⁽⁶⁾	Cu⁽³⁾	Fe⁽³⁾	Mn⁽³⁾	Zn⁽³⁾	P-rem⁽⁷⁾(mg L^-1)	EC(dS m^-1)	Sand	Silt	Clay
Genotype	pH⁽¹⁾	OM⁽²⁾(g dm^-³)	(mg dm^-3)		-------------------------- (cmol_c dm^-3) -----------------------								--- (%) ---		--------------- (mg dm^-3) ---------------					P-rem⁽⁷⁾(mg L^-1)	EC(dS m^-1)	------ (g dm^- ³) ------
BRS-68	7.2	17	49.0	415.7	0.1	3.3	1.2	0	1.3	5.6	5.6	6.9	81.7	0	0.43	0.57	31.83	57.80	83.10	40.70	0.50	-	-	-
EPAMIG-05	7.2	15	61.8	461.3	0.1	2.8	1.2	0	1.1	5.2	5.2	6.3	82.7	0	0.53	0.43	21.07	57.93	61.67	41.83	0.57	-	-	-
EPAMIG-13	7.1	14	107.3	356.0	0.1	3.4	1.1	0	1.2	5.4	5.4	6.6	81.3	0	0.33	0.70	31.17	57.70	52.43	43.60	0.40	-	-	-
EPAMIG-06	7.2	17	77.6	296.3	0.1	3.6	1.2	0	1.1	5.6	5.6	6.7	83.3	0	0.37	1.27	28.23	66.73	44.27	43.13	0.37	-	-	-
BGU-75	7.3	11	49.9	365.3	0.1	2.9	1.1	0	1.2	5.0	5.0	6.2	80.7	0	0.30	0.70	45.07	48.43	63.87	40.23	0.33	-	-	-
BRS-48	7.1	11	38.4	289.7	0.1	2.7	0.9	0	1.2	4.5	4.5	5.7	78.7	0	0.27	0.43	21.23	52.60	53.37	41.03	0.30	-	-	-
BGU-44	7.3	13	43.5	315.7	0.1	2.7	0.9	0	1.1	4.5	4.5	5.6	79.7	0	0.33	0.37	25.60	56.83	45.57	40.97	0.37	-	-	-
BGU-50	7.2	12	51.7	339.7	0.1	2.9	1.0	0	1.2	4.9	4.9	6.0	80.0	0	0.40	0.53	34.27	46.47	61.40	40.43	0.40	-	-	-
BGU-45	7.2	13	50.1	296.7	0.1	3.0	1.0	0	1.1	4.9	4.9	6.0	81.3	0	0.37	0.70	30.20	51.53	64.20	42.33	0.33	-	-	-
BGU-47	7.2	13	41.1	295.0	0.1	3.0	1.0	0	1.2	4.9	4.9	6.0	80.7	0	0.50	0.33	19.17	65.93	50.97	39.10	0.43	-	-	-
BGU-61	7.0	16	25.6	314.7	0.1	2.6	0.8	0	1.4	4.2	4.2	5.7	74.0	0	0.33	0.27	20.73	57.80	43.60	39.47	0.37	-	-	-
EPAMIG-07	7.0	12	42.3	340.7	0.1	2.8	1.1	0	1.3	4.8	4.8	6.2	78.0	0	0.37	0.47	25.30	67.93	47.57	39.70	0.43	-	-	-
EPAMIG-04	7.3	15	53.8	348.7	0.1	3.1	1.1	0	1.3	5.2	5.2	6.5	80.0	0	0.33	0.37	28.87	69.83	81.57	41.90	0.30	-	-	-
EPAMIG-03	6.8	16	78.8	232.0	0.1	3.2	1.2	0	1.6	5.1	5.1	6.7	75.7	0	0.33	0.87	22.37	59.03	45.43	41.93	0.27	-	-	-
Mean	7.0	15.0	51.2	271.5	0.1	3.1	1.2	0	1.4	5.0	5.0	6.4	78.5	0	0.35	0.50	25.35	55.30	62.20	40.10	0.40	660	120	220
SD	0.2	3.0	23.6	98.2	0.0	0.4	0.2	0.0	0.2	0.6	0.6	0.6	3.9	0.0	0.12	0.32	9.35	8.70	16.01	1.63	0.12	-	-	-

		Mean square
Source of variation	DF	Dry matter content, mass, productivity, and litterfall rate
Source of variation	DF	Dry matter content, mass, productivity, and litterfall rate							FLM	DLM	DMC	FLY	DLY	FLR	DLR
Genotypes	13	8.4346*	5.3538**	66.56**	0.0027**	0.0017**	0.0223**	0.0141**
Residue	28	0.8310	0.6089	197.30	0.0002	0.0001	0.0021	0.0016
Total	41	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
		Macronutrient contents in the litter
		N	P	K	Ca	Mg	S	-
Genotypes	13	10.39**	0.058**	0.423ns	70.45**	1.14**	0.392**	-
Residue	28	1.83	0.013	0.228	15.34	0.33	0.084	-
Total	41	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
		Micronutrient and sodium contents in the litter
		B	Cu	Fe	Mn	Zn	Na	-
Genotypes	13	1946.06**	2.09**	178276**	1285.52*	49.68**	649.7**	-
Residue	28	320.50	0.38	24672	599.60	14.99	76.96	-
Total	41	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
		Quantities of macronutrients accumulated the in litter
		QN	QP	QK	QCa	QMg	QS	-
Genotypes	13	17.5511**	0.0856**	1.0139**	388,824**	2.6116**	0.77**	-
Residue	28	3.5870	0.1382	0.2156	62.4896	0.4162	0.1537	-
Total	41	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
		Quantities of micronutrients and sodium accumulated in litter
		QB	QCu	QFe	QMn	QZn	QNa	-
Accesses	13	3262**	1.90**	12297**	4107**	78.82**	2074**	-
Residue	28	549.02	0.254	29096	697.84	11.39	221.33	-
Total	41	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

Accession	FLM	DLM	DMC	FLY	DLY	FLR	DLR
Accession	----------- (kg per plant) -----------		(%)	------------ (kg m^-2)------------		------ (Mg ha^-1 per month) ------
BRS-68	4.88C	3.39B	81.58B	0.087C	0.061B	0.250C	0.174B
EPAMIG-05	1.61E	1.21C	79.78B	0.029E	0.021C	0.083E	0.062C
EPAMIG-13	5.81B	5.02A	87.07A	0.105B	0.090A	0.301B	0.258A
EPAMIG-06	7.04A	5.70A	84.11A	0.126A	0.102A	0.362A	0.293A
BGU-75	2.91D	2.50C	86.20A	0.052D	0.044C	0.149D	0.128C
BRS-48	5.26B	4.02B	80.73B	0.094B	0.072B	0.270B	0.206B
BGU-44	4.36C	3.49B	72.44D	0.078C	0.062B	0.224C	0.179B
BGU-50	3.40D	3.01B	88.86A	0.061D	0.054B	0.175D	0.155B
BGU-45	4.45C	3.97B	85.25A	0.080C	0.071B	0.228C	0.204B
BGU-47	4.03C	3.40B	82.20A	0.072C	0.061B	0.207C	0.174B
BGU-61	7.29A	5.38A	77.06C	0.131A	0.096A	0.375A	0.276A
EPAMIG-07	7.45A	6.24A	84.70A	0.134A	0.112A	0.383A	0.320A
EPAMIG-04	5.42B	4.56A	87.52A	0.097B	0.082A	0.278B	0.234A
EPAMIG-03	4.50C	4.11B	88.83A	0.082C	0.073B	0.236C	0.211B
Mean	4.90	4.00	83.31	0.08	0.07	0.25	0.20
CV (%)	18.60	19.51	2.97	18.60	19.51	18.61	19.51

Genotype	Macronutrient						Micronutrient
	N	P-	K	Ca	Mg	S	B	Cu	Fe	Mn	Zn	Na
	---------------------------------------------- (g kg^-1) -----------------------------------------------						---------------------------------------------- (mg kg^-1) ----------------------------------------------
BRS-68	12.43A	0.93A	2.26	35.13B	2.10B	1.93A	70.12C	3.81A	1511.11A	108.07A	26.53A	65.79B
EPAMIG-05	10.80B	0.66B	1.46	48.00A	3.60A	1.86A	102.30B	2.14B	573.33B	113.01A	25.80A	101.3B
EPAMIG-13	8.63C	0.60B	1.86	44.60A	2.66B	1.53B	159.78A	1.93B	749.11B	71.06A	18.61B	74.17B
EPAMIG-06	7.93C	0.50B	2.26	47.76A	2.66B	1.53B	118.21A	1.99B	480.04B	122.78A	16.07B	96.43B
BGU-75	9.20C	0.50B	1.06	49.46A	2.46B	1.03B	107.91B	2.01B	793.98B	113.40A	15.33B	82.91B
BRS-48	10.63B	0.66B	1.73	44.8A	3.53A	1.96A	127.48A	2.01B	730.01B	122.48A	17.34B	98.90B
BGU-44	8.26C	0.53B	2.00	38.00B	3.46A	1.56B	135.99A	2.00B	617.28B	123.84A	16.07B	76.65B
BGU-50	13.3A	0.66B	1.73	38.03B	2.53B	1.93A	133.11A	2.90A	708.86B	81.35A	22.00A	91.48B
BGU-45	8.30C	0.53B	1.33	49.2A	3.16A	1.43B	131.48A	2.06B	541.17B	92.10A	17.34B	66.76B
BGU-47	10.26B	0.60B	1.46	50.4A	4.20A	2.23A	123.97A	1.35B	653.95B	107.65A	17.77B	86.53B
BGU-61	13.13A	0.86A	2.13	41.06B	3.23A	2.44A	102.56B	3.87A	738.11B	137.29A	25.92A	93.95B
EPAMIG-07	7.90C	0.50B	1.73	44.73A	4.06A	1.60B	84.90C	1.48B	612.28B	141.53A	19.04B	96.43B
EPAMIG-04	10.30B	0.50B	1.60	48.03A	2.90B	1.53B	129.48A	0.99B	698.50B	126.41A	14.80B	118.6A
EPAMIG-03	10.06B	0.50B	2.26	42.33B	3.40A	1.86A	74.38C	1.70B	770.05B	134.11A	17.82B	98.68B
Mean	10.08	0.61	1.78	44.40	3.14	1.75	114.40	2.16	727.13	113.93	19.32	89.19
CV (%)	13.42	19.20	26.84	8.82	18.51	16.61	15.65	28.53	21.60	21.49	20.04	9.84

Genotype	Macronutrient						Micronutrient
	QN	QP	QK	QCa	QMg	QS	QB	QCu	QFe	QMn	QZn	QNa
	----------------------------------------- (kg ha^-1) -----------------------------------------						------------------------------------------------- (g ha^-1) -------------------------------------------------
BRS-68	7.58B	0.57B	1.38B	21.53C	1.26C	1.17C	42.78B	2.34B	943.54A	65.79B	16.13B	40.14C
EPAMIG-05	2.34C	0.14C	0.30B	10.46C	0.78C	0.41D	21.22B	0.47D	133.22B	25.93B	5.86C	22.80C
EPAMIG-13	7.88B	0.54B	1.69A	40.43B	2.39B	1.41B	143.44A	1.79C	682.59A	65.15B	16.92B	67.63B
EPAMIG-06	8.32B	0.52B	2.25A	49.84A	2.84B	1.59B	123.11A	2.08B	493.00B	130.84A	16.66B	99.61A
BGU-75	4.20C	0.23C	0.47B	22.90C	1.15C	0.49D	49.10B	0.92D	362.56B	51.62B	6.90C	38.41C
BRS-48	7.76B	0.49B	1.28B	32.50B	2.52B	1.43B	94.05A	1.51C	526.77B	85.74B	12.67C	71.78B
BGU-44	5.05C	0.33C	1.26B	24.42C	2.20B	0.97C	85.18A	1.22C	371.43B	77.86B	9.93C	48.02C
BGU-50	7.22B	0.36C	0.96B	20.58C	1.37C	1.05C	71.98B	1.57C	383.90B	44.42B	11.94C	49.70C
BGU-45	6.07C	0.39C	0.97B	35.25B	2.28B	1.04C	94.17A	1.54C	382.04B	66.10B	12.59C	47.68C
BGU-47	6.25C	0.36C	0.91B	30.90B	2.63B	1.34B	75.87B	0.83D	395.63B	68.31B	10.85C	52.43C
BGU-61	12.65A	0.84A	2.12A	40.06B	3.13B	2.41A	99.86A	3.67A	716.02A	129.34A	24.83A	90.86A
EPAMIG-07	8.98B	0.56B	1.97A	49.80A	4.43A	1.83B	95.20A	1.68C	702.58A	158.88A	21.13A	108.70A
EPAMIG-04	8.46B	0.41C	1.31B	39.57B	2.40B	1.26B	108.43A	0.84D	574.11A	104.80A	12.32C	96.89A
EPAMIG-03	7.44B	0.37C	1.69A	31.26B	2.50B	1.39B	54.93B	1.25C	567.76A	99.08A	13.21C	72.70B
Mean	7.16	0.44	1.33	32.11	2.28	1.27	82.81	1.55	516.80	83.85	13.71	64.81
CV (%)	26.46	26.93	35.07	24.62	28.27	30.85	28.29	28.53	33.00	31.50	24.62	22.95

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[TFN1] ⁽¹⁾pH in water; ⁽²⁾colorimetry; ⁽³⁾ Mehlich-1extractor; ⁽⁴⁾ KCl 1 mol L^-1 extractor; ⁽⁵⁾ pH SMP; ⁽⁶⁾ CaCl₂ extractor; ⁽⁷⁾ Ca(H₂PO₄)₂ extractor, 500 mg L^-1 of P in HOAc 2 mol L^-1; ⁽⁸⁾ equilibrium solution of P. SB, sum of bases; t, effective CEC; T, CEC at pH 7; V, base saturation; m, aluminum saturation; P-rem, remaining phosphorus; EC, electrical conductivity.