FIGURE 1 |
Neoplecostomus altimontanus, holotype, DZSJRP 24792, male, 90.2 mm SL, Itamonte, rio Capivari, rio Sapucaí drainage, rio Grande sub-basin, upper rio Paraná basin. Dorsal, lateral, and ventral views.
FIGURE 2 |
Lateral series of plates, left view. A.Neoplecostomus bandeirante, paratype, DZSJRP 14881, male, 95.9 mm SL. B.N. altimontanus, paratype, DZSJRP 24793, female, 93.2 mm SL. C.N. sp.n., paratype, DZSJRP 14877, male, 84.7 mm SL. D.N. botucatu, paratype, DZSJRP 14879, male, 80.2 mm SL. MV = mid-ventral series; V = ventral series. Scale bars = 1 mm.
FIGURE 3 |
Sexual dimorphism in dentition of Neoplecostomus altimontanus, also present in N. sp.n. A. Holotype, DZSJRP 24792, 90.2 mm SL, male with robust and few teeth. B. Paratype, DZSJRP 24793, 93.2 mm SL, female with slender and numerous teeth. Scale bar = 5 mm.
FIGURE 4 |
Schematic view of left opercular series. A.Neoplecostomus altimontanus, paratype, CI-UFLA 2176, male, 88.6 mm SL. B.N. sp.n., paratype, DZSJRP 20586, female, 86.7 mm SL. C.N.paranensis, CI-UFLA 3186, male, 72.6 mm SL. Osteological and sensorial structures are represented as: cl (posterior process of cleithrum); cp (cheek plate); cpt (compound pterotic); exp (extra canal-bearing plate); op (opercle); po1–3 (postotic pores 1–3); pop (preopercle); pm1–5 (preoperculomandibular pores 1–5); socp (subocular cheek plate), and sop (supraopercle). Scale bars = 5 mm.
FIGURE 5 |
Caudal peduncle and adipose fin, left view. A.Neoplecostomus altimontanus, holotype, DZSJRP 24792, male, 90.2 mm SL. B.N. bandeirante, paratype, DZSJRP 14881, male, 95.9 mm SL. C.N. sp.n., paratype, DZSJRP 13944, male, 76.3 mm SL. D.N. microps, DZSJRP 13913, male, 90.2 mm SL. White arrows indicate the slightly hypertrophied odontodes on caudal-peduncle plates, resembling discontinuous keels. Scale bars = 1 mm.
FIGURE 6 |
Dorsal view of left infraorbital series, anterior to top. A.Neoplecostomus sp.n., paratype, MNRJ 23963, male, 55.8 mm SL; B.N. altimontanus, paratype, DZSJRP 24793, male, 85.5 mm SL. Infraorbital 2 (io2); infraorbital 3 (io3); lateronasal plate (pl). Black dots delimit the infraorbitals; white dots delimit the lateronasal plate.Scale bars = 1 mm.
FIGURE 7 |
Live specimen of Neoplecostomus altimontanus, DZSJRP 24793, paratype, male.
FIGURE 8 |
Distribution map of the new species of Neoplecostomus. Stars represent the localities of N. altimontanus and circles represent the localities of N. sp.n. Full symbols indicate the locality of each holotype. The white dashed line represents the limits between Paraná and neighboring basins, shown as SF (São Francisco basin) and PS (Paraíba do Sul basin).
FIGURE 9 |
Type-locality of Neoplecostomus altimontanus in rio Capivari, Itamonte, rio Sapucaí drainage, rio Grande sub-basin, upper rio Paraná basin.
FIGURE 10 |
Neoplecostomus sapucai, holotype, DZSJRP 14015, male, 88.4 mm SL, Delfim Moreira, unnamed stream on highway AMG-1915, rio Sapucaí drainage, rio Grande sub-basin, upper rio Paraná basin. Dorsal, lateral, and ventral views.
FIGURE 11 |
Live specimen of Neoplecostomus sapucai, CI-UFLA 3191, paratype, male.
FIGURE 12 |
Type-locality of Neoplecostomus sapucai at unnamed stream on highway AMG-1915, Delfim Moreira, rio Sapucaí drainage, rio Grande sub-basin, upper rio Paraná basin.
FIGURE 13 |
Coloration pattern of Neoplecostomus altimontanus from Córrego Pinhão Assado. DZSJRP 24794, paratype, male, 93.5 mm SL.
Two new species of Neoplecostomus (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from high altitudes of the upper rio Paraná basin, Brazil
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