A rare arteriovenous communication between left testicular vein with left accessory renal artery and multiple renal vascular anomalies: understanding the genetic and embryological perspective

Uma comunicação arteriovenosa rara entre a veia testicular esquerda com a artéria renal esquerda acessória e a anatomia vascular renal múltipla: compreendendo a perspectiva genética e embriológica

Vascular malformations are abnormalities of the vascular tree, either congenital or acquired, which may involve arteries, veins, capillaries, or lymphatic vessels. Congenital malformations, such as patent ductus arteriosus, may persist into adulthood, resulting in abnormal vascular communications. Acquired vascular communications may occur following trauma, such as gunshot or stab injuries, or after surgical procedures. Arteriovenous malformations are congenital disorders affecting the circulatory system during early developmental stages. Renal vascular variations are also relatively common, usually silent (asymptomatic) and often diagnosed incidentally during surgical or radiological procedures. Renal artery variations occur in approximately 30% of the population. Renal vein variations are also frequent but are always overlooked than their arterial counterpart. In this case study, we report an abnormal communication along with multiple urogenital vascular anomalies and discuss their genetic and developmental perspectives. Recognition of such anomalies helps establish safety guidelines for the diagnosis and management of renal and gonadal disorders.

Keywords:
abnormal arteriovenous communications; varicocele; accessory renal veins; accessory renal artery; renal transplantations