Fatores que influenciam os acidentes de trabalho: uma análise multidimensional no setor elétrico

Alves, Adriana Maria Silva; Gonçalves Filho, Cid; Santos, Nathália de Melo; Souki, Gustavo Quiroga

doi:10.1590/0104-530X4609-20

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Gest. Prod. 27 (2) • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-530X4609-20 linkcopiar

Fatores que influenciam os acidentes de trabalho: uma análise multidimensional no setor elétrico

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Os acidentes de trabalho são um problema de saúde pública e, por isso, faz-se necessária a condução de pesquisas que auxiliem na prevenção de acidentes e na promoção da saúde. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar os principais fatores que influenciam os acidentes de trabalho em uma concessionária de energia elétrica, visando auxiliar na prevenção de acidentes. Para alcançar o objetivo proposto, foi realizada uma pesquisa com 1.027 empregados próprios ou terceirizados de uma grande empresa do setor elétrico, abrangendo profissionais acidentados e não acidentados. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que fatores organizacionais, pessoais/comportamentais e do trabalho/tarefa apresentam impactos estatisticamente significativos sobre os acidentes de trabalho. Como contribuição acadêmica e gerencial, a identificação dos principais fatores que influenciam os acidentes de trabalho no setor elétrico favorece o desenvolvimento de estratégias e ações para o seu controle e mitigação.

Palavras-chave:
Acidentes de trabalho; Saúde pública; Prevenção de acidentes; Setor elétrico; Terceirização

Dimensions	Variables	References
Personal/Behavioral	Physical activities	Rakhshandehroo et al. (2015)
	Self-efficacy	Knudsen & Gron (2010)
	Concentration ability	Fadyl et al. (2010), Gembalska-kwiecień (2017), Rakhshandehroo et al. (2015)
	Planning and organization skills (Conscientiousness)	Clarke and Robertson (2005), Kazeminia et al. (2019), Lehockey et al. (2018), Sheikhalishahi et al., 2017), Shen et al. (2018)
	Commitment	Amponsah-Tawiah & Mensah (2016), Lee et al. (2017), Pinto Silva et al. (2018)
	Alcohol and drug consumption	Airagnes et al. (2018), Cheung (2014), Kouvonen et al. (2016), Magnavita & Garbarino (2017), Sakina & Omar (2018)
	Discipline and rule adherence (Agreeableness)	Clarke & Robertson (2005), Kazeminia et al. (2019), Lehockey et al. (2018), Shen et al. (2018)
	Experience	Koranyi et al. (2018), Salminen (2016), Sheikhalishahi et al. (2017)
	Medicines	Kouvonen et al. (2016), Salminen (2016)
	Financial situation	Gonçalves et al. (2017)
	Sleep	Kouvonen et al. (2016), Magnavita & Garbarino (2017)
	Super-optimism	Knudsen & Gron (2010)
	Temperamental volatility	Cheung (2014), Gonçalves et al. (2017)
Organizational	Employee attitudes to safety standards	Eskandari et al. (2017), Farina et al. (2013), Gembalska-kwiecień (2017), Muchiri et al. (2019), Mullen et al. (2017), Šarotar Žižek & Mulej (2016), Sawhney & Cigularov (2018), Thurston and Glendon (2018), Yilmaz & Tosun (2018)
	Communication consistency	Arendt et al. (2013), Zwetsloot et al. (2017)
	Communication	De Silva et al. (2017), Eskandari et al. (2017), Muchiri et al. (2019), Mullen et al. (2017), Sawhney & Cigularov (2018), Sheikhalishahi et al. (2017)
	Culture and security climate	Eskandari et al. (2017), Gembalska-kwiecień (2017), Keffane (2015), Motter & Santos (2017), Rashid et al. (2014), Šarotar Žižek & Mulej (2016), Thurston & Glendon (2018), Zwetsloot et al. (2017)
	Participative decision-making	Liu et al. (2015), Muchiri et al. (2019)
Organizational	Stability	De Silva et al. (2017), Farina et al. (2013), Prescod & Zeligman (2018), Valero Pacheco & Isabel Riaño-Casallas (2017), Vu et al. (2017), Yilmaz & Tosun (2018)
	Security program	Amponsah-Tawiah & Mensah (2016), De Silva et al. (2017), Eskandari et al. (2017), Farina et al. (2013), Gra & Miha (2011), Pinion et al. (2017), Šarotar Žižek and Mulej (2016), Yilmaz & Tosun (2018)
	Resistance to a safety program	Amponsah-Tawiah & Mensah (2016), De Silva et al. (2017), Farina et al. (2013), Gra & Miha (2011), Pinion et al. (2017), Yilmaz & Tosun (2018)
	Employee skills and competencies	De Silva et al. (2017), Farina et al. (2013), Felce et al. (2016), Heine et al. (2016)
	Job satisfaction	Eskandari et al. (2017), Fehlberg et al. (2001), Souza et al. (2017), Valero Pacheco & Isabel Riaño-Casallas (2017)
	Salaries and benefits	De Silva et al. (2017), Eskandari et al. (2017), Yilmaz & Tosun (2018)
	Training	De Silva et al. (2017), Eskandari et al. (2017), Sheikhalishahi et al. (2017)
Work/Task	Physical work environment	Jackson et al. (2012), Gembalska-kwiecień (2017), Sheikhalishahi et al. (2017), Yilmaz & Tosun (2018)
	Manager attitudes to safety standards	Eskandari et al. (2017), Gembalska-kwiecień (2017), Muchiri et al. (2019), Mullen et al. (2017), Sawhney & Cigularov (2018), Sheikhalishahi et al. (2017)
	Workload	De Silva et al. (2017), Koranyi et al. (2018), Liang et al. (2018), Sheikhalishahi et al. (2017)
	Variability (Task planning)	Jackson et al. (2012), Sheikhalishahi et al. (2017)

Measure	Acceptance parameters	Measure	Acceptance parameters
Correlation	>0.300	Factor load (CF)	>0.400
Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin sampling adequacy measure	>0.500	Variance explained (VE)	>60%
Bartlett’s sphericity test (BTS)	p < 0.05	Cronbach’s alpha	>0.70
Communalities	>0.500

Characteristics		In-house Employees %	Outsourced employees %
Sex	Female	3	10
Sex	Male	97	90
Schooling level	Illiterate	0	2
	Fundamental (up to 4th year)	1	25
	Fundamental (up to 9th year)	1	21
	High school	43	39
	Undergraduate (Incomplete)	19	7
	Undergraduate (Complete)	29	4
	Specialization	6	2
	Master’s/doctorate degree	1	0
Age (years)	<30	16	39
	31–40	29	33
	Between 41–50	51	20
	51+	4	8

Variables		Salience		Impact
Variables		In-house employees	Outsourced employees	In-house employees	Outsourced employees
Personal/behavioral	Physical activities	• 54%	• 45%	—	—
	Self-efficacy	↑ 82%	↑ 81%	—	• −2%
	Concentration capacity	↑ 81%	↑ 83%	—	↓ −1%
	Planning and organization skills (Conscientiousness)	↑ 82%	↑ 85%	—	↓ −1%
	Commitment	↑ 84%	↑ 77%	—	↓ −1%
	Alcohol and drug use	• 35%	↓ 23%	↑+12%	↓ +1%
	Discipline and rule adherence (Agreeableness)	↓ 20%	↓ 29%	↓ +1%	• +4%
	Experience	• 56%	• 44%	—	—
	Medicines	↓ 7%	↑ 77%	—	—
	Financial situation	↑ 67%	• 56%	• −3%	• −4%
	Sleep	↓ 30%	↓ 28%	—	—
	Super-optimism	• 47%	↓ 42%	—	↑+17%
	Temperamental volatility	↓ 31%	↓ 33%	↓ +1%	—

Variables		Salience		Impact
Variables		In-house employees	Outsourced employees	In-house employees	Outsourced employees
Organizational factor	Employee attitudes to safety standards	↑ 80%	↑ 79%	• −2%	↑ −10%
	Communication consistency	↑ 65%	• 66%	↑ −7%	—
	Communication	↑ 76%	↑ 78%	—	—
	Culture and security climate	• 55%	• 58%	↑ −14%	↓ −1%
	Participative decision-making	↑ 75%	↑ 82%	• −3%	—
	Employment stability	↑ 63%	↓ 42%	• −3%	↓ −1%
	Security program	↑ 78%	↑ 72%	↓ −1%	↓ −1%
	Safety program (resistance)	↓ 18%	↓ 32%	• 3%	↓ 1%
	Employee skills and competencies	↑ 78%	↑ 80%	↓ −1%	• −3%
	Job satisfaction	↑ 83%	↑ 86%	—	• −3%
	Salaries and benefits	• 53%	• 54%	↑ −7%	• −3%
	Training	↑ 83%	↑ 81%	↓ −1%	—

Variables		Salience		Impact
Variables		In-house employees	Outsourced employees	In-house employees	Outsourced employees
Work/Tasks	Physical work environment	• 50%	↓ 39%	↑ 5%	—
	Manager attitudes to safety standards	↑ 76%	• 63%	↑ −6%	—
	Workload	↓ 22%	↓ 41%	• 4%	• 3%
	Variability (task planning)	↓ 36%	↑ 78%	↓ 1%	• 3%

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Universidade Federal de São Carlos Departamento de Engenharia de Produção , Caixa Postal 676 , 13.565-905 São Carlos SP Brazil, Tel.: +55 16 3351 8471 - São Carlos - SP - Brazil
E-mail: gp@dep.ufscar.br

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[1] Source: Elaborated by the authors.