Perfil epidemiológico de los practicantes de Beach Tennis (Tenis Playa) en la Gran Florianópolis – Santa Catarina/Brasil

Fonseca, Guilherme Borges da; Ramos, Ana Paula Silveira; Okubo, Rodrigo

doi:10.1590/1809-2950/e23017724en

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH • Fisioter. Pesqui. 31 • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-2950/e23017724en linkcopiar

Perfil epidemiológico de los practicantes de Beach Tennis (Tenis Playa) en la Gran Florianópolis – Santa Catarina/Brasil

Autoría SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Teniendo en cuenta el aumento del número de practicantes y la baja evidencia sobre las características de las lesiones en el beach tennis , este trabajo busca describir la prevalencia de lesiones relacionadas con la práctica de este deporte en la región de Florianópolis. Se realizó un estudio epidemiológico transversal retrospectivo entre septiembre y octubre de 2022. Se evaluaron ciento cuarenta practicantes de beach tennis en cuanto a la localización, tipos y cronicidad de las lesiones, así como las informaciones sobre la experiencia deportiva y el volumen de práctica semanal. Se identificó un total de 108 lesiones en 44 atletas (el 30.7%), de las cuales 62 fueron lesiones crónicas (el 57.4%) y 46 fueron agudas (el 42.6%). La incidencia media de lesiones fue de 1.43 por 1000 horas de exposición. Los miembros superiores fueron los más afectados, siendo el codo (el 26.8%) y el hombro (el 13.%) las regiones más afectadas, respectivamente. Los principales tipos de lesiones relatadas fueron tendinopatías (el 34.2%) y lesiones musculares (el 25%). La principal afectación en el codo fue la epicondilalgia lateral del codo, representando el 90% del total de lesiones de este complejo articular. El perfil identificado tras el análisis fue el predominio de mujeres, practicantes recreativas, con algunas lesiones crónicas de tejidos blandos, con el predominio en miembros superiores, principalmente codos y hombros. Se demostró que el tiempo de práctica más corto y el amateurismo de los practicantes influyen en la incidencia de lesiones relatadas.

Palabras clave
Beach Tennis; Lesiones; Epidemiología; Atletas

Characteristic	n=143	% of the total
Age (years)	Average: 34 years old (18–64)	37.6%
18 to 30 years	55	31.2%
31 to 40 years	44	20.6%
41 to 50 years	2	10.6%
<51 years	15
Sex	44	30.8%
Male	99	69.2%
Female
Height (m)	1.67m (out of 38 individuals¹)
Weight (kg)	68.6kg (out of 38 individuals¹)
BMI	24.6 – Normal (out of 38 individuals ¹ )
Handedness	134	93.7%
Right-handed	9	6.3%
Left-handed
City of residence (n)	112	78.3%
Florianopolis	20	14%
São José	8	5.6%
Palhoça	3	2.1%
Biguaçu	0	0
Other
Schooling (n)	108	75.5%
Complete higher education	30	21%
Incomplete higher education	4	2.8%
Complete high school	1	0.7%
Incomplete high school	0	0
Incomplete Secondary education

Characteristic	n=143	% of the total
Technical level1	2	1.4%
Professional category	5	3.5%
Category A	15	10.5%
Category B	24	16.8%
Category C	26	18.2%
Category D	71	49.6%
Does not compete
Practice time (years)	83	58.2%
<1 year	41	28.4%
1 to 3 years	15	10.6%
3 to 5 years	3	2.1%
5 to 10 years	1	0.7%
>10 years
Beach tennis frequency	45	31.9%
1× per week	49	34.8%
2× per week	33	22.7%
3× per week	10	7.1%
4× per week	6	3.5%
5× or more
Average hours of practice2 (hour)	17	11.5%
Less than 1 hour	97	65.6%
From 1 to 2 hours	23	15.5%
From 2 to 3 hours	7	4.7%
From 3 to 4 hours	4	2.7%
More than 4 hours
Training volume (hours/week)	42	29.37%
Less than 2 hours	46	32.17%
From 2 to 4 hours	30	20.98%
From 4 to 6 hours	25	17.48%
More than 6 hours
Free-time physical activity	2	1.4%
No practice, and not intending to	5	3.5%
No, but intending to	15	10.5%
Yes, but not regularly	27	18.9%
Yes, less than 6 months ago	94	65.7%
Yes, more than 6 months ago
Weekly frequency (other activities)	9	6.4%
1 day/week	10	7.1%
2 days/week	35	25%
3 days/week	34	24.3%
4 days/week	30	21.4%
5 days/week	17	12.1%
6 days/week	5	3.6%
7 days/week
Extra activities	72	37.1%
Bodybuilding	29	14.5%
Walk	27	13.%
Race	18	9.3%
Functional training	11	5.6%
Pilates	10	5.1%
Cycling	8	4.1%
Soccer	5	2.6%
Yoga	5	2.6%
Cross-training	4	2%
Volleyball	5	2.6%
Others

	Total		Acute injuries		Chronic injuries
Anatomical region	n=108	% of the total	n=46	% of acute	n=62	% of chronicles
Axial	8	8.3%	5	10.9%	4	6.4%
Cervical	1	7.4%	4	8.7%	4	6.4%
Low back		0.9%	1	2.2%	0
Upper limbs	51	47.2%	20	43.5%	31	50%
Shoulder	15	13.9%	7	15.2%	8	12.9%
Elbow	29	26.8%	10	21.7%	1	30.6%
Hand/wrist	7	6.5%	3	6.5%	4	6.4%
Lower members	48	44.4%	21	45.6%	27	43.5%
Hip	12	11.1%	1	2.2%	11	17.7%
Thigh	5	4.6%	3	6.5%	2	3.2%
Knees	11	10.2%	2	4.3%	9	14.5%
Calf	11	10.2%	8	17.4%	3	4.8%
Foot/ankle	9	9.2%	7	15.2%	2	3.2%
Characteristics of injuries and return to sport			n		% of the total
Type of injury			n=108		34.2%
Tendinopathy			37		25%
Muscular			27		12.9%
Sprain			14		2.8%
Dislocation			3		1.8%
Fracture			2		0
Bruise			0		1.8%
Others			2		21.3%
Did not know how to inform			23
Surgical procedure due to injury			1		0.9%
Yes			107		99.1%
No			Meniscal injury
For what injury?
Injured member1			n=44		65.9%
Dominant			29		20.4%
Non-dominant			9		2.3%
Both			1		11.3%
It was not in an extremity (cervical, lumbar)			5
Length of absence			8		18.2%
1 to 3 days			3		6.8%
4 to 7 days			8		18.2%
1 to 2 weeks			8		18.2%
3 to 4 weeks			6		13.6%
1 to 2 months			9		20.4%
3 to 6 months			2		4.5%
more than 6 months
Return to practice			2		4.5%
Much worse			8		18.2%
Worst			20		45.4%
Same level			11		25%
Best			3		6.8%
Much better

Characteristic	Total		No injury		with injury		p value
	N=143	%total	n	%	n	%	p value
Sex	44	30.8%	28	1.6%	16	11.2%	.334
Male	99	69.2%	71	49.7%	28	19.6%
Female
Age (years)	55	37.6%	44	30.4%	11	7.1%	.095
18 to 30	44	31.2%	30	21.3%	14	9.9%
31 to 40	29	20.6%	7	12.1%	12	8.5%
41 to 50	15	10.6%	8	5.7%	7	5.0%
>51
Practice time	83	58.2%	69	48.2%	14	9.9%	.001
<1 year	41	28.4%	21	14.9%	20	13.5%
1 to 3 years	15	10.6%	8	5.7%	7	5.0%
3 to 5 years	3	2.1%	1	0.7%	2	1.4%
5 to 10 years	1	0.7%	0	0	1	0.7%
>10 years
Technical level	2	1.4%	1	0.7%	1	0.7%	.007
Professional	5	3.5%	3	2.1%	2	1.4%
Category A	15	10.5%	6	4.2%	9	6.3%
Category B	24	16.8%	12	8.4%	12	8.4%
Category C	26	18.2%	19	13.3%	7	4.9%
Category D	71	49.7%	58	40.6%	13	9.1%
Does not compete
Training volume hours/week	42	29.4%	32	22.4%	10	7.0%	.229
Less than 2 hours	46	32.2%	28	1.6%	18	12.6%
From 2 to 4 hours	30	21.0%	19	13.3%	11	7.7%
From 4 to 6 hours	25	17.5%	20	14.0%	5	3.5%
More than 6 hours
Free-time physical activity	2	1.4%	2	1.4%	0	0	.153
No, and not intending to	5	3.5%	5	3.5%	0	0
No, but intending to	15	10.5%	12	8.4%	3	2.1%
Yes, but not regularly	27	18.%	21	14.7%	6	4.2%
Yes, less than 6 months ago	94	65.7%	59	41.3%	35	24.5%
Yes, more than 6 months ago
Weekly activity	9	6.4%	8	5.7%	1	0.7%	.326
1 day/week	10	7.1%	8	5.7%	2	1.4%
2 days/week	35	25.0%	27	1.3%	8	5.7%
3 days/week	34	24.3%	21	15.0%	13	9.3%
4 days/week	30	21.4%	20	14.3%	10	7.1%
5 days/week	17	12.1%	10	7.1%	7	5.0%
6 days/week	5	3.6%	2	1.4%	3	2.1%
7 days/week

Characteristic of shoulder injuries	n	% of the total
Injury type	10	41.6%
Tendinopathy	9	37.5%
Muscular	2	8.3%
Ligamentous	1	4.2%
Dislocation	0	0
Fracture	2	8.3%
Others
Length of absence 1 to 3 days	3	21.4%
4 to 7 days	1	7.1%
1 to 2 weeks	3	21.4%
3 to 4 weeks	2	14.3%
1 to 2 months	1	7.1%
3 to 6 months	3	21.4%
More than 6 months	1	7.1%
Type of treatment	3	21.4%
Physical therapy	3	21.4%
Physical therapy, massage, and medication	2	14.3%
Physical therapy, massage, medication, and acupuncture	1	7.1%
Physical therapy and massage
Physical therapy, pilates, and occupational therapy
Massage
Osteopathy
Medicines
No treatment
Characteristic of elbow injuries	n:	% of the total
Injury type	27	90%
Lateral elbow tendinopathy (lateral epicondylitis)	3	10%
Ligamentous	0
Muscular	0
Dislocation	0
Fracture
Length of absence 1 to 3 days	4	25%
4 to 7 days	2	12.5%
1 to 2 weeks	5	31.2%
3 to 4 weeks	2	12.5%
1 to 2 months	1	6.2%
3 to 6 months	2	12.5%
More than 6 months	0	0
Type of treatment	6	37.5%
Physical therapy	3	18.7%
Physical therapy and medication	1	6.2%
Physical therapy, medication, and muscle strengthening	1	6.2%
Physical therapy, pilates, and occupational therapy	1	6.2%
Physical therapy and massage	1	6.2%
Massage and medication	1	6.2%
Massage and strengthening	2	12.5%
No treatment

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[1] ¹
The collection of Height and Weight data were performed in a second moment, and consequently the analysis of BMI as well. It was not possible to contact all participants in the collection.