Soil Microbial Biomass Across a Gradient of Preserved Native Cerrado

Carvalho, Nilza Silva; Rocha, Sandra Mara Barbosa; Santos, Vilma Maria dos; Araujo, Fabio Fernando de; Araújo, Ademir Sérgio de

doi:10.1590/2179-8087.053617

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Original Article, Conservation of Nature • Floresta Ambient. 25 (2) • 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-8087.053617 linkcopy

Soil Microbial Biomass Across a Gradient of Preserved Native Cerrado

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

The different physiognomies and soil conditions across the Cerrado gradient may influence soil microbial biomass. The present study evaluated the soil microbial biomass and enzyme activity across a preserved Cerrado gradient and correlated these with environmental conditions. The site, sampling period and their interaction influenced soil microbial biomass and activity. Soil conditions, i.e., chemical and microclimatic properties, varied across the Cerrado gradient and influenced soil microbial biomass and activity. The highest and lowest values for microbial biomass and enzyme activity were found in Cerradao and Campo graminoide, respectively, during both seasons. Multivariate analysis showed that the sites were clearly separated into different groups, indicating that distinct physiognomies and environmental conditions influenced soil microbial biomass and enzyme activities.

Keywords:
soil properties; tropical savanna; seasonal variation

	CG	CSS	CD
Plant richness *	4.7	11	17
Plant diversity **	0.2	0.85	1.10
Plant density ***	4.7	27.1	35.0
Vegetation ****	a	b	c

Site	Temp	Moist	pH	H+Al	Ca+Mg	K	CEC	P	TOC	TN
Site	°C	g g^-1	pH	----------- cmolc kg^-1 -----------				mg kg^-1	---g kg^-1---
Rainy season
CG	27.2^a	0.08^c	4.95^a	1.52^c	0.14^b	1.33^b	1.68^b	3.57^b	4.46^b	0.23^b
CSS	26.5^a	0.10^b	4.85^b	3.33^b	0.45^a	1.86^a	2.66^a	4.87^a	8.12^a	0.37^a
CD	26.3^a	0.12^a	4.79^b	4.86^a	0.42^a	1.80^a	2.58^a	4.81^a	8.84^a	0.39^a
Dry season
CG	39.7^a	0.001^a	4.81^a	1.35^c	0.26^b	1.13^b	1.70^b	1.89^b	4.52^b	0.20^b
CSS	33.8^b	0.001^a	3.89^b	2.60^b	0.53^a	1.59^a	2.46^a	3.01^a	7.50^a	0.32^a
CD	32.8^b	0.002^a	4.26^b	3.56^a	0.47^a	1.76^a	2.75^a	3.04^a	8.57^a	0.35^a

Variables	Correlation coefficients
Variables	Axis 1	Axis 2
MBC	0.93 ***	0.55 **
qMic	0.51 ***	0.62 ***
BR	0.45 **	0.71 ***
qCO₂	-0.76 ***	-0.26n.s
DEH	0.81 ***	0.59 **
FDA	0.57 ***	0.96 ***
GLY	0.66 ***	0.64 ***
PHO	0.04n.s	0.77 ***
ARYL	0.90 ***	0.50 **
URE	0.31 *	0.95 ***
MBN	0.93 ***	0.43 *
MBC:MBN	0.08n.s	0.48 **
pH	-0.13n.s	0.20n.s
H+Al	0.84 ***	0.44 *
Ca + Mg	0.64 ***	-0.06n.s
K	0.82 ***	0.46 *
P	0.68 ***	0.88 ***
TOC	0.82 ***	0.26n.s
TN	0.68 ***	0.13n.s
CTC	0.84 ***	0.23n.s
Moisture	0.39 **	0.94 ***
Tem	-0.58 ***	-0.89 ***

Comparison	p-value
CG_D vs. CSS_D	0.000022 ***
CG_D vs. CD_D	0.000019 ***
CG_D vs. CG_R	0.000021 ***
CG_D vs. CSS_R	0.000019 ***
CG_D vs. CD_R	0.000019 ***
CSS_D vs. CD_D	0.000024 ***
CSS_D vs. CG_R	0.000019 ***
CSS_D vs. CSS_R	0.000018 ***
CSS_D vs. CD_R	0.000018 ***
CD_D vs. CG_R	0.000018 ***
CD_D vs. CSS_R	0.000017 ***
CD_D vs. CD_R	0.000019 ***
CG_R vs. CSS_R	0.000019 ***
CG_R vs. CD_R	0.000018 ***
CSS_R vs. CD_R	0.003015 *

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[1] Campo graminoide (CG); Cerrado strictu sensu (CSS); Cerradao (CD);

[TFN1] ^*
species/100 m²;

[TFN2] ^**
H/100 m²;

[TFN3] ^***
individual/100 m²;

[TFN4] ^****
plant species present;

[TFN5] ^a
Andropogon fastigiatus; Aristida longifolia ; Eragrostis maypurensis;

[TFN6] ^b
Andropogon fastigiatus; Aristida longifolia ; Terminalia fagifolia; Magonia pubescens ; Hymenaea courbaril; Plathymenia reticulata ; Qualea grandiflora; Combretum mellifluum ; Lippia origanoides; Anacardium occidentale ; Simarouba versicolor; Vatairea macrocarpa ;

[TFN7] ^c
Aspidosperma discolor; Parkia platycephala ; Terminalia fagifolia; Piptadenia moniliformis ; Plathymenia reticulata; Qualea parviflora ; Anacardium occidentale; Copaifera coriacea ; Thiloa glaucocarpa; Casearia grandiflora .