Relation among the knowledge of teachers about hearing loss degree, technological devices and communication strategies

Santos, Flávia Rodrigues dos; Delgado-Pinheiro, Eliane Maria Carrit

doi:10.1590/2317-1782/20182018037

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Original Article • CoDAS 30 (6) • 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20182018037 linkcopy

Relation among the knowledge of teachers about hearing loss degree, technological devices and communication strategies

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Purpose To analyze the relations among the knowledge of teachers about hearing loss degree, technological devices, hearing aids (HA), cochlear implant (CI), frequency modulation system (FM), and communication strategies.

Methods Forty-two (42) teachers that taught students with hearing impairment participated in this study. This sample included 24 middle school teachers, 11 elementary school teachers, and 7 preschool teachers, whose taught in the second semester of the school year and in the first semester of the following year. The data was obtained through the Knowledge and Experience Questionnaire developed by Delgado-Pinheiro & Omote (2010). The questionnaire answers were categorized, and the frequency of occurrence was analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test.

Results There was a statistically significant difference between the answers which showed that the teachers do not know about the degree of hearing loss, but they modify the communication strategies to keep the attention of the students. In addition, the results also showed that teachers do not know the technological devices and communication strategies most appropriate for the student with hearing impairment.

Conclusion The results showed that teachers do not have sufficient knowledge about hearing impairment and as a result they modify their communication strategies for the student, even though they are unaware of the most appropriate communication strategies.

Keywords
Hearing Loss; School Teachers; Cochlear Implant; Hearing Aids; Communication

Communication strategies/Environment/Distance		Know the degree of the student’s hearing loss
		No		Yes		Total (%)		p-value
		N	%	N	%	N	%	p-value
Child’s attention	Change the strategy	6	27%	15	75%	21	50%	0.008 *
	Don’t change	15	68%	5	25%	20	48%
	Not Pertinent	1	5%	0	0%	1	2%
How to communicate with the child	Change the strategy	10	45%	15	75%	25	60%	0.125
	Don’t change	11	50%	5	25%	16	38%
	Not Pertinent	1	5%	0	0%	1	2%
Know the resources that aid in communication	Communication strategies	5	23%	2	10%	7	17%	0.542
	Not Pertinent	15	68%	16	80%	31	74%
	Teaching resources	2	9%	2	10%	4	10%
Explaination of the contente	Change the strategy	11	50%	14	70%	25	60%	0.321
	Don’t change	10	45%	6	30%	16	38%
	Not Pertinent	1	5%	0	0%	1	2%
When the student does not understand	Change the strategy	15	68%	16	80%	31	74%	0.668
	Don’t change	4	18%	2	10%	6	14%
	Not Pertinent	3	14%	2	10%	5	12%
Know the environment to speak with the student	Not Pertinent	10	45%	14	70%	24	57%	0.108
Know the environment to speak with the student	Silence	12	55%	6	30%	18	43%	0.108
Know the distance to speak with the student	No	21	95%	18	90%	39	93%	0.493
Know the distance to speak with the student	Yes	1	5%	2	10%	3	7%	0.493

Degree of loss/Communication strategies/Environment/Distance/Verification of the devices		Know about the devices
		No		Yes		Total (%)		p-value
		N	%	N	%	N	%	p-value
Know the degree of the student’s hearing loss	No	20	59%	2	25%	22	52%	0.085
Know the degree of the student’s hearing loss	Yes	14	41%	6	75%	20	48%	0.085
How to communicate with the child	Change the strategy	20	59%	5	63%	25	60%	0.095
	Don’t change	14	41%	2	25%	16	38%
	Not Pertinent	0	0%	1	13%	1	2%
Know the resources that aid in communication	Communication strategies	6	18%	1	13%	7	17%	0.523
	Not Pertinent	24	71%	7	88%	31	74%
	Teaching resources	4	12%	0	0%	4	10%
Know the environment to speak with the student	Not Pertinent	18	53%	6	75%	24	57%	0.257
Know the environment to speak with the student	Silence	16	47%	2	25%	18	43%	0.257
Know the distance to speak with the student	No	32	94%	7	88%	39	93%	0.513
Know the distance to speak with the student	Yes	2	6%	1	13%	3	7%	0.513
Verify the device	No	20	59%	3	38%	23	55%	0.220
	Not Pertinent	2	6%	2	25%	4	10%
	Yes	12	35%	3	38%	15	36%

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Significant values (p<0.05) = Chi-Square Test