Resumen en Inglés:

Abstract The exploration of heterosis can be an efficient alternative to increase okra yield. The partial diallel strategy optimizes resources by guiding crosses based on genetic diversity between various genotypes. This study aimed to identify potential hybrid combinations through diallel analysis in comparison with commercial cultivars. The hybrids were evaluated by means of a partial diallel scheme based on the genetic divergence of the genotypes. Fourteen hybrids and their reciprocals were evaluated in the winter and summer conditions of Jaboticabal - SP for yield, number of fruits and precocity. No line showed significant general combining ability. The reciprocal effect was not significant for the evaluated characteristics. Four hybrid combinations showed significant and positive specific combining ability for number of fruits, which were considered promising hybrids. In the winter, the experimental hybrids 1 x 8 and 3 x 8 showed superior performance compared to the commercial hybrids. No significant differences were observed in the summer.

Resumen en Inglés:

Abstract The objectives of this study were to optimize in vitro pollination and fluorescence microscopy procedures to characterize the gametophytic self-incompatibility of Coffea canephora genotypes. For that purpose, 115 in vitro pollinations were carried out among 30 parent plants of the Conilon (17) and Robusta (13) botanical varieties. Tester plants of compatibility groups I, II, and III were used as pollen grain donors. On the day of anthesis, pollen grains of the donor genotypes were transferred in vitro to one of the sides of the bifid stigma of each receptor flower. After 30 hours, the development of the pollen tubes was evaluated in fluorescence microscopy. Eleven genotypes (37%) were classified in compatibility Group I, thirteen (43%) in Group II, and six (20%) in Group III. In vitro pollination allowed reduction in the time necessary to diagnose compatibility, without exhibiting contamination caused by the presence of pollen grains of non-donor plants.

Resumen en Inglés:

Abstract The improvement of superior wheat cultivars depends on the identification of promising segregating populations to derive superior lines. A lattice model (8×8) involving 56 F2 populations and eight parents was conducted in the 2020 cropping season, and grain yield per plant was evaluated for every F2 population, with further analysis of the population potential by Jinks and Pooni method via REML/BLUP. A total of 5,410 F2 plants were evaluated in this study. The results showed that the use of genetic variance associated with the individual genotypic value (BLUP) was superior compared with the use of variance and traditional phenotypic values. The F2 populations, CD 1303/BRS 254, CD 1303/Tbio Duque, CD 1303/Tbio Ponteiro, BRS 264/Tbio Aton, Tbio Ponteiro/Tbio Aton, and Tbio Sossego/CD 1303 had the highest likelihood of deriving superior lines.

Resumen en Inglés:

Abstract: The seedling traits is a simple and non-destructive methodology used to identify haploids/diploids in maize. This study aimed at establishing an optimal germination temperature to evaluate this methodology and verify its effectiveness. Haploid and diploid seeds, obtained from crosses with the haploidy inducer TAIL9, were classified using the R1-Navajo marker and placed to germinated in growth chambers maintained at different temperatures. After 96 h, radicle and coleoptile lengths and the number of lateral seminal roots were determined. Cut-off points for these traits were established using Receiver Operating Characteristic curves and a new haploid/diploid classification was performed and compared to the plant phenotype (gold standard) to obtain false discovery rates and false negative rates. The seedling traits methodology successfully differentiated haploids and diploids, proving to be effective in eliminating false positives, selected by the R1-Navajo marker. The temperature of 30 °C was established as the optimal germination temperature for this study.

Resumen en Inglés:

Abstract High seed yield is a fundamental characteristic of apomictic and sexual hybrids of the genus Urochloa P. Beauv. (syn. Brachiaria (Trin.) Griseb.). It has been suggested that there is an association between polyploidy, the presence of meiotic irregularities, and low seed formation in this genus. The present study aimed to correlate these characteristics in Urochloa polyploid sexual interspecific hybrids in relation to the production of pure seeds. Segregational and non-segregational abnormalities were shown to led to cause the formation of tetrads with micronuclei, microcytes, polyads, and anomalous end products. The correlation between the percentage of meiotic abnormalities and the total production of pure seeds was negative and significant. To our knowledge, this is the first research with sexual polyploid hybrids from Urochloa and is relevant to identify hybrids with less frequent meiotic abnormalities and higher seed yield, with promising female parents for the breeding program.

Resumen en Inglés:

Abstract The present study selected progenies, aiming at the production of green corn, by methods of intrapopulation recurrent selection with subsequent recombination, generating open-pollinated populations. To this end, in the 2017/2018 second season, progenies from the PMVJ01 population (originated from the recombination of progenies of the TG-02R2 x AG1051 cross) were evaluated, using PMVJ01 and the hybrid AG1051 as controls. The following parameters were evaluated: flowering, heights, green ear yield, husk cover, ear diameter and length, mass yield, ear shape, number of rows on the ear, alignment of rows, color of kernels, and husk width and length. Genetic parameters were estimated, and the gain was predicted with the selection of 20% of the progenies, using the index of Mulamba and Mock in four selection procedures and a fifth by multivariate method. Genetic variability was found in the population, which allows advances in the selection process. After recombination, two of the populations generated showed potential for use as open-pollinated cultivar.

Resumen en Inglés:

Abstract The selection of sweet sorghum genotypes is based on multiple agronomical and technological traits. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effectiveness of inter-trait recovery information in improving the selective accuracy of the predicted genetic values of sweet sorghum progenies, and to compare several selection indices in terms of selection gains using single- and multi-trait mixed models. The trials were conducted in two sites. The traits flowering time, plant height, green mass production, total soluble solids content, and tons of Brix per hectare were assessed. Significant genetic variance was observed for all traits, except for total soluble solids content. The multi-trait analysis provided more accurate estimates of genetic parameters and predictions of the progeny genetic values, and higher selection gain than the single-trait analysis. The direct selection for TBH and the FAI/BLUP index resulted in balanced genetic gains for the assessed traits.

Resumen en Inglés:

Abstract Cultivar Solar was developed specifically for the edaphoclimatic conditions of the State of Mato Grosso. It has improved fruit physical and chemical characteristics, such as higher fruit weight, total soluble solids content and pulp percentage, and is suitable for both fresh consumption and processing industry.

Resumen en Inglés:

Abstract: IAC 2153 and IAC 2156 are new common bean cultivars with special bean grains for new markets, especially the international market. They have a mean hundred-seed weight of 50 g, mean cooking time of 32 min, resistance to anthracnose and Fusarium wilt, and moderate resistance to common bacterial blight.

Resumen en Inglés:

Abstract The UENF WS01 is a hybrid that has an early cycle and high grain yield capacity under low water and nitrogen availability. It maintains popping expansion even under abiotic stress, thus being recommended for cultivation in the North and Northwest of the State of Rio de Janeiro.

Resumen en Inglés:

Abstract BRS FS311 is a cultivar of common bean in the striped seed coat group, with high yield, larger bean grain, and visual appearance suitable for the striped seed coat standard. It also has a cycle of semi-early, upright architecture and moderate resistance to fusarium wilt and anthracnose.

Resumen en Inglés:

Abstract: ConservaGen software can assist germplasm conservation projects in terms of population genetics. It can be used for both in situ and ex situ germplasm conservation and can generate parameters to assist in decision-making in these projects. ConservaGen is freely available and can be downloaded from https://gpfsb.webnode.com/software/.