Early selection in a second-generation progeny trial of <i>Eucalyptus urophylla</i> S.T. Blake

Oliveira Junior, José Carlos de; Pupin, Silvelise; Zulian, Daniele Fernanda; Zaruma, Darlin Gonzalez; Sebbenn, Alexandre Magno; Moraes, Mario Luiz Teixeira de

doi:10.1590/1984-70332025v25n3a40

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ARTICLE • Crop Breed. Appl. Biotechnol. 25 (3) • 2025 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332025v25n3a40 linkcopy

Early selection in a second-generation progeny trial of Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

This study evaluated the efficacy of early selection in a second-generation Eucalyptus urophylla progeny trial by comparing three selection strategies: mass selection, combined selection (among and within families), and within-family selection. A randomized complete block design was used, comprising 23 progenies with 30 single-tree plot replicates. Diameter at breast height (DBH) and total height were measured annually from one to five years after planting. Early selection efficiency was tested for DBH at a selection intensity of 11.9% to compare the percentage of selected individuals across ages. The performance evaluated by the consistency of selected individuals across ages varied greatly. From the third year onward, the estimated proportion of consistently selected individuals reached 75%, indicating reliability of early selection for seed orchard establishment. Among the strategies, combined selection (among and within families) proved most effective at five years, yielding an estimated genetic gain of 6.3%.

Keywords:
Eucalyptus spp.; genetic correlation; microsatellite markers; tree breeding

	1 year	2 years	3 years	4 years	5 years
Survival mean (%)	80.2	76.4**	70.1*	63.8**	63.6**
DBH mean (cm)	5.7**	9.2**	11.2**	12.5*	13.6*
Mean annual increment: MAI (cm)	5.7	4.6	3.7	3.1	2.7
Individual narrow-sense heritability: $h_{i}^{2}$	0.33	0.21	0.16	0.13	0.13
Family-mean heritability: $h_{m}^{2}$	0.82	0.73	0.67	0.64	0.62
Selective accuracy: $r_{a}$	0.9	0.85	0.82	0.8	0.78
Within-family heritability: $h_{w}^{2}$	0.23	0.13	0.1	0.08	0.08
Coefficient of genotypic variation: $C V_{g i}$ %	19.9	18.9	16.6	15.0	15.2
Coefficient of relative variation: $C V_{r}$	0.4	0.3	0.26	0.24	0.23
Height mean (m)	6.6**	-	14.5**	15.6**	18.1**
Mean annual increment: MAI (m)	6.6	-	4.8	3.9	3.6
Individual narrow-sense heritability: $h_{i}^{2}$	0.32	-	0.22	0.16	0.2
Family-mean heritability: $h_{m}^{2}$	0.81	-	0.74	0.68	0.73
Selective accuracy: $r_{a}$	0.9	-	0.86	0.82	0.85
Within-family heritability: $h_{w}^{2}$	0.22	-	0.14	0.1	0.13
Coefficient of genotypic variation: $C V_{g i}$ %	21.1	-	15.1	12.4	14.7
Coefficient of relative variation: $C V_{r}$	0.4	-	0.31	0.26	0.3

	H3	H4	H5	DBH1	DBH2	DBH3	DBH4	DBH5
H1	0.85**	0.79**	0.78**	0.89**	0.86**	0.88**	0.8**	0.78**
H3		0.93**	0.91**	0.73**	0.84**	0.92**	0.85**	0.84**
H4			0.96**	0.63**	0.73**	0.86**	0.88**	0.88**
H5				0.68**	0.74**	0.88**	0.89**	0.9**
DBH1					0.89**	0.84**	0.75**	0.75**
DBH2						0.94**	0.84**	0.81**
DBH3							0.95**	0.94**
DBH4								0.99**

Parameter	Est	S1	RD%	S2	RD%	S3	RD%
Number of selected individuals: $n$	-	46		46		46
Number of selected family: $N_{f}$	23	16		15		23
Mean number of trees per family: ${\bar{k}}_{f}$	-	2.9		3.07		2
Total number of alleles: $K$	149	118	<20.8	118	<20.8	121	<18.8
Observed heterozygosity: $H_{o}$	0.686	0.716	>4.2	0.713	>3.8	0.714	>3.9
Inbreeding: $F$	0.123*	0.089*	<27.6	0.09*	<26.8	0.087*	<29.3
Group coancestry: $Θ$	0.0229	0.0192	<16.2	0.0165	<27.9	0.0144	<37.1
Effective population size: $N_{e}$	21.8	16.3	<25.2	17.8	<18.3	19.3	<11.5
Mean DBH (cm)	13.6	16.4		14.97		14.72
Genetic gain: $G_{s} %$	-	6.9		6.3		3.9

Direct selection	$N_{f}$	DBH1	DBH2	DBH3	DBH4	DBH5
Mass (S1, i=1.667)
DBH1	17	13.3	9.8	8.4	6.5	6.9
DBH2	17		11.1	7.5	5.8	5.9
DBH3	16			10.9	6.4	6.9
DBH4	16				7.1	6.6
DBH5	16					6.9
Among and within (S2, i = 0.5705)
DBH1	15	12.1	7.7	6.3	5.3	5.2
DBH2	15		10.0	6.3	5.2	5.3
DBH3	15			7.4	6.5	6.9
DBH4	15				6.1	6.8
DBH5	15					6.3
Within (S3, i =1.4)
DBH1	23	8.0	7.2	5.5	4.4	4.6
DBH2	23		6.1	4.6	3.7	3.7
DBH3	23			4.8	3.7	3.8
DBH4	23				6.4	3.6
DBH5	23					3.9

Age	1	2	3	4	5
1		60.9	45.7	39.1	39.1
2	78.6		69.6	65.2	60.9
3	78.6	100		76.1	69.6
4	66.7	86.7	86.7		84.8
5	68.8	87.5	87.5	93.8

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[TFN1] *P< 0.05, **P< 0.01.