Vegetative growth and morphological aspects of <i>Stylosanthes</i> spp. (Fabaceae) under water deficit conditions

Santos, V. O.; Nascimento, M. N.; Funch, L. S.; Dias, D. L. S.; Silva, A. A.; Santos, R. J.; Oliveira, U. C.; Pelacani, C. R.

doi:10.1590/1519-6984.298663

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Original Article • Braz. J. Biol. 85 • 2025 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.298663 linkcopy

Vegetative growth and morphological aspects of Stylosanthes spp. (Fabaceae) under water deficit conditions

Crescimento vegetativo e aspectos morfológicos de Stylosanthes spp. (Fabaceae) em condições de déficit hídrico

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth and morphological characteristics of Stylosanthes spp. under water deficit conditions. The experiment was conducted under different levels of water availability (60%, 40% and 20%) and involved two genotypes: the accession BGF 11-001, from the Forage Germplasm Bank of the State University of Feira de Santana (UEFS), and the cultivar BRS-Bela. A completely randomized design was used, arranged in a 3×2 factorial scheme. Vegetative growth was monitored, and morpho-functional and morphological traits were measured at the end of the experiment. BGF 11-001 showed reduced leaf sprouting intensity even under ideal water availability, with a more pronounced decrease at 20% availability. In contrast, the Bela genotype showed a reduction only at 20%. Regarding mature leaves, BGF 11-001 maintained a constant intensity, while Bela showed a reduction under all conditions, especially at 20%. The studied genotypes exhibited morpho-functional traits associated with tolerance to water deficit, with the BGF 11-001 accession demonstrating superior productive performance under all water availability levels. However, both genetic materials showed reduced biomass production under water deficit conditions. These results indicate the potential of the BGF 11-001 accession for use in regions with varying water availability, contributing to the selection of genotypes more resilient to water stress.

Keywords:
BRS-Bela; forage legume; Stylosanthes viscosa; Stylosanthes guianensis; drought tolerance

Source of variation	LT	SUC	LD	SD
Genotype	122.723**	18.013**	10.528**	498.16**
Water Availability	0.263^ns	3.729*	1.005^ns	1.56^ns
Interaction	4.106*	0.948^ns	0.000^ns	0.99^ns
CV(%)	9.3	11.05	6.29	8.21

Source of variation	LDM	SDM	TDM	L/S	DMFL%
Genotype	9.54**	14.66**	1.01^ns	300.89**	84.37**
Water Availability	11.53**	21.69**	17.71**	2.01^ns	2.12^ns
Interaction	0.94^ns	3.49^*	1.33^ns	1.13^ns	4.18*
CV(%)	33.37	31.07	32.06	12.64	26.35

Source of variation	CD	CAL	PBL	PH	NB
Genotype	30.69**	47.86**	40.95**	40.52**	98.95**
Water Availability	11.24**	20.76**	2.82*	18.44**	7.21**
Interaction	0.27^ns	2.15^ns	4.73^*	0.47^ns	0.86^ns
CV(%)	14.93	10.48	23.17	10.23	17.06
	CLL	CLW	LLL	LLW	LA
Genotype	105.45**	17.18**	113.96**	0.75^ns	1.14^ns
Water Availability	0.25^ns	0.26^ns	0.23^ns	0.42^ns	11.62**
Interaction	0.21^ns	0.10^ns	0.35^ns	0.11^ns	0.148^ns
CV(%)	17.09	11.37	15.19	14.18	37.27

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Instituto Internacional de Ecologia R. Bento Carlos, 750, 13560-660 São Carlos SP - Brasil, Tel. e Fax: (55 16) 3362-5400 - São Carlos - SP - Brazil
E-mail: bjb@bjb.com.br

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[1] CV: Coefficient of Variation; *, **, ^ns: significant at p-value ≤ 0.01, p-value ≤ 0.05, and not significant by F-test, respectively; LT: Leaf Thickness; SUC: Succulence; LD: Leaf Density; SD: Stem Density.