Influence of the type of breed and line of agricultural poultry on the morphological composition of eggs

Temirbekova, G.; Dymkov, A.; Sagimbaeva, M.; Ramazanov, A.; Sharipov, R.

doi:10.1590/1519-6984.303434

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Original Article • Braz. J. Biol. 86 • 2026 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.303434 linkcopy

Influence of the type of breed and line of agricultural poultry on the morphological composition of eggs

Influência do tipo de raça e linhagem de aves agrícolas na composição morfológica dos ovos

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

The article presents, for the first time, the results of differentiating chickens, quails, turkeys, and ducks based on the morphological characteristics of their eggs and establishes the influence of species, breed, and line affiliation on egg morphological parameters. The process of agglomeration of breeds and lines of birds occurred within species affiliation, which in turn was influenced by differences in the morphological structure of eggs caused by the direction of selection. In quails and ducks, the grouping of breeds and lines occurred more rapidly than in chickens and turkeys, which is due to the intensity of selection for desirable traits. Species affiliation determined the differences in the relative weights of the shell, albumen, and yolk (η² = 0.420–0.467, p = 0.000), as well as the relative weights of the outer liquid and dense layers of the albumen (η²_ROLLA = 0.399 and η²_RODLA = 0.351, p = 0.000). Although quails and ducks were similar in the relative weight of albumen, they exhibited differences in its structural characteristics.

Keywords:
chickens; quails; ducks; turkeys; morphological composition of the egg; species; breed; line; hierarchy analysis method

Type	Breed / Line	M±SEM, г	Cv, %
Quail	Japanese	12.78±0.111	7.66
	Omsk	13.56±0.102	8.54
	Pharaoh	13.74±0.100	7.68
	Texas White	15.31±0.068	8.61
Chicken	Dekalb White	64.12±0.357	8.85
	Hisex Brown	65.22±0.334	9.40
	Ross 308	67.78±0.811	6.53
Domestic Duck	Agidel Line	74.93±0.752	7.54
	Ansar Line	75.41±0.640	7.86
	Star Line	77.25±0.693	6.56
Turkey	Hybrid Converter	95.83±0.821	7.33

Type	Breed / Line		Mass of Egg Components			Mass of Outer Albumen Layers		Mass of Inner Albumen Layers
			Shell	Albumen	Yolk	liquid	dense	liquid	dense
			RS	RA	RY	ROLLA	RODLA	RILLA	RIDLA
Quail	Japanese	M	10.31 ^a2а3а4	57.98 ^a2а3а4	31.71 ^а3а4	41.21 ^a2а3а4	36.66 ^а3а4	20.35 ^a2	1.77
	Japanese	SEM	0.073	0.275	0.323	1.195	0.664	0.791	0.042
	Omsk	M	9.42 ^а1а4	59.07 ^а1a3а4	31.52 ^а3а4	44.32 ^а1a3а4	36.22 ^а3а4	17.72 ^а1a3а4	1.73 ^а4
	Omsk	SEM	0.065	0.262	0.244	0.644	0.495	0.373	0.092
	Pharaoh	M	9.54 ^а1	60.14 ^а1а2	30.13 ^а1а2	36.54 ^а1а2	41.58 ^а1а2	19.92^а2	1.96
	Pharaoh	SEM	0.104	0.378	0.364	0.897	0.900	0.803	0.173
	Texas White	M	9.63 ^а1а2	59.98 ^а1а2	30.39 ^а1а2	36.46 ^а1а2	41.77 ^а1а2	19.79 ^а2	1.97 ^а2
	Texas White	SEM	0.059	0.151	0.147	0.555	0.537	0.337	0.071
	Species Average	M	9.69^bcd	59.29^bcd	31.02^bcd	40.10^bcd	38.83^bcd	19.22^bcd	1.85^bcd
	Species Average	SEM	0.039	0.131	0.128	0.431	0.330	0.259	0.045
Chicken	Dekalb White	M	10.99^b2	63.11^b3	25.90^b2b3	30.54^b2b3	44.02^b2b3	23.40^b2b3	2.04^b2b3
	Dekalb White	SEM	0.075	0.166	0.165	0.732	0.533	0.486	0.069
	Hisex Brown	M	11.87^b1b3	63.54^b3	24.59^b1b3	28.11^b1b3	48.34^b1b3	20.27^b1	3.28^b1b3
	Hisex Brown	SEM	0.107	0.260	0.215	0.501	0.480	0.251	0.056
	Ross 308	M	10.81^b2	56.12^b1b2	33.07^b1b2	23.78^b1b2	53.23^b1b2	20.10^b1	2.89^b1b2
	Ross 308	SEM	0.075	0.196	0.171	0.420	0.495	0.300	0.035
	Species Average	M	11.23^a	60.87^acd	27.90^acd	27.41^acd	48.63^ac	21.21^acd	2.75^acd
	Species Average	SEM	0.056	0.220	0.227	0.354	0.351	0.219	0.042
Domestic Duck	Agidel Line	M	10.93^c2c3	53.83	35.24	29.22^c2c3	41.30^c2c3	26.96^c2c3	2.52^c2c3
	Agidel Line	SEM	0.047	0.381	0.429	0.407	0.353	0.241	0.022
	Ansar Line	M	11.51^c1	53.36	35.13	36.06^c1	43.30^c1	19.10^c1	1.54^c1
	Ansar Line	SEM	0.056	0.212	0.232	0.262	0.241	0.290	0.044
	Star Line	M	11.54^c1	52.95	35.51	35.27^c1	43.53^c1	19.62^c1	1.58^c1
	Star Line	SEM	0.067	0.321	0.335	0.236	0.329	0.369	0.058
	Species Average	M	11.27^a	53.46^abd	35.27^abd	32.96^abd	42.51^abd	22.57^abd	1.96^ab
	Species Average	SEM	0.035	0.19	0.214	0.262	0.195	0.256	0.033
Turkey	Hybrid Converter	M	11.16^a	61.99^abc	26.85^abc	24.29^abc	49.52^ac	24.05^abc	2.14^ab
Turkey	Hybrid Converter	SEM	0.076	0.240	0.247	0.281	0.499	0.278	0.074

Factor		Egg Component Mass			Outer Albumen Layer Mass		Inner Albumen Layer Mass
Factor		Shell	Albumen	Yolk	liquid	dense	liquid	dense
Type		RS	RA	RY	ROLLA	RODLA	RILLA	RIDLA
Breed/Line	η²	0.436	0.467	0.420	0.399	0.351	0.096	0.202
Breed/Line	p	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
Quail	η²	0.184	0.096	0.066	0.175	0.173	0.047	0.017
Quail	p	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.101
Chicken	η²	0.200	0.691	0.779	0.324	0.177	0.133	0.431
Chicken	p	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
Duck	η²	0.183	0.009	0.001	0.406	0.075	0.581	0.550
Duck	p	0.000	0.190	0.799	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000

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[1] Note: 1) Statistically significant differences between species: a – compared to quail, b – compared to chicken, c – compared to duck, d – compared to turkey; 2) Statistically significant differences between breeds/lines: Quail: a1 – compared to Japanese, a2 – compared to Omsk, a3 – compared to Pharaoh, a4 – compared to Texas White; Chicken: b1 – compared to Dekalb White line, b2 – compared to Hysex Brown line, b3 – compared to Ross 308 line; Ducks: c1 – compared to Agidel line, c2 – compared to Ansar line, c3 – compared to Star line.