Este estudo avaliou o efeito do tratamento térmico pós-cura (PCHT) na microdureza Knoop (KHN), grau de conversão (DC), mudanças de cor e razão de contraste (CR) de quatro compósitos resinosos (RCs): Z100 (3M ESPE ), Z350 XT (3M ESPE), Estelite Omega (Tokuyama) e Empress Direct (Ivoclar Vivadent). Corpos de prova (12 × 1 mm) foram preparadas para cada material (n = 10 / grupo). Após a cura, as amostras foram submetidas ao PCHT por 10 min a 100 ou 170° C. O grupo controle foi mantido à temperatura ambiente (24° C) pelo mesmo tempo. O DC foi analisada por FT-NIR imediatamente e 24 h após a PCHT (n = 3 / grupo). KHN foi analisado 24 h após PCHT (n = 10 / grupo). De acordo com o CIEDE2000 (∆E00), as medidas de cor foram obtidas imediatamente após a cura, cinco minutos após a PCHT e após sete dias de armazenamento em água, café e vinho tinto. Os dados foram analisados por ANOVA de um e dois fatores (P < 0,05). Z100, Z350 XT e Estelite Omega mostraram aumentos no KHN com o aumento da temperatura (P < 0,05). PCHT a 100 ° C e 170 ° C levou a uma maior DC de todos os RCs (P < 0,05). Inicialmente, o PCHT levou ao aumento dos valores de ∆E00 (P < 0,05), que diminuiu após a imersão em café e vinho (P < 0,05). Considerando o efeito de PCHT e soluções de coloração, menores mudanças de cor foram observadas nas amostras tratadas termicamente (P < 0,05). Os resultados sugerem o PCHT como uma alternativa econômica e prática para aumentar as propriedades diretas de compósitos resinosos em restaurações diretas-indiretas e indiretas.
Article • Braz. Dent. J. 32
(4)
• Jul-Aug 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440202104333 linkcopiar
Post-cure heat treatments influence on mechanical and optical properties of resin composites
Autoria
person Vitor de Oliveira Baldo
person Marlus da Silva Pedrosa
person Igor Studart Medeiros
Correspondence: Prof. Igor Studart Medeiros Departamento de Biomateriais e Biologia Oral, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 2227, 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brasil. E-mail address:
igorsm@usp.br
igorsm@usp.br
Tabelas | Fórmulas
table_chartTable 1
Materials tested and manufacturer’s information
| Composite | Composite Type | Matrix | Filler | Photoinitiator system | % Load (V/W) | Manufacturer | Batch # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Estelite Omega | Spherical | Bis-GMA and TEGDMA | Silica-zirconia and composite (mean particle size = 200nm) | Camphorquinone/amine + Radical-Amplified Photopolymerization | 82/71 | Tokuyama, Tokyo, Japan. | 8068; 80815; |
| Filtek Z100 | Micro-hybrid | Bis-GMA and TEGDMA | Silica/Zirconia | Camphorquinone/amine | 84.5/66 | 3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA. | 907911; 1813100924; 1826900169 |
| Filtek Z350 XT | Nanofilled | Bis-GMA, Bis-EMA, UDMA, TEGDMA, PEGDMA | Silica (4-20 nm), zirconia (4-11 nm), clusters of zirconia/silica | Camphorquinone/amine | 78.5/71 | 3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA. | 688062; 1817700807; 1923800123 |
| Empress Direct | Nano-hybrid | Bis-GMA, UDMA and dimethacrylates | Barium glass, ytterbium trifluoride, mixed oxide, silicon dioxide and copolymer (mean particle size = 550nm) | Camphoroquinone + Lucirin TPO | 75-79/ 52-59 | Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein | x00591; x54421; |
table_chartTable 2
Mean and standard deviation in Knoop Microhardness (MPa) on bottom and top surfaces of the resin composites after post-cure heat treatment
| Bottom | Top | Bottom/Top (%) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Composites | Control | 100°C | 170°C | Control | 100°C | 170°C | Control | 100°C | 170°C |
| Z100 | 90.7 ± 1.0 Aa | 98.8 ± 2.3 Ba | 105.9 ± 1.4 Ca | 101.5 ± 1.3 Aa | 108.6 ± 1.4 Ba | 113.1 ± 1.3 Ca | 89.42% | 90.95% | 93.70% |
| Z350 XT | 60.3 ± 0.8 Ab | 68.6 ± 0.5 Bb | 70.7 ± 0.5 Cb | 62.7 ± 1.3 Ab | 72.1 ± 1.2 Bb | 76.9 ± 0.6 Cb | 96.15% | 95.11% | 91.97% |
| Estelite Omega | 34.9 ± 0.8 Ac | 39.9 ± 0.8 Bc | 43.8 ± 1.4 Cc | 38.9 ± 0.7 Ac | 43.4 ± 1.2 Bc | 47.8 ± 1.0 Cc | 87.73% | 91.80% | 91.53% |
| Empress Direct | 22.4 ± 0.9 Ad | 22.2 ± 1.2 Ad | 26.7 ± 0.6 Bd | 25.5± 0.9 Ad | 25.7 ± 1.1 Ad | 30.2 ± 1.7 Bd | 89.87% | 86.26% | 88.44% |
-
Different capital letters in the row represent statistically differences between treatments for the same resin composite by Two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test (p < 0.05). Different lowercase letters in the column represent statistically differences between the resin composites for the same group (same column) by One-Way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test (p < 0.05).
table_chartTable 3
Mean and standard deviation in Degree of conversion (%) of the resin composites immediately and 24 h after the post-cure heat treatment
| Immediate | 24 h | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Composites | Control | 100°C | 170°C | Control | 100°C | 170°C |
| Z100 | 65.52 ± 0.38 Aa | 75.49 ± 0.69 Ba | 83.73 ± 3.96 Ca | 73.61 ± 0.74 Ba | 75.49 ± 0.69 Ca | 83.04 ± 1.41 Ca |
| Z350 XT | 63.33 ± 0.91 Ab | 74.65 ± 1.74 Ba | 78.83 ± 0.89 Cbc | 72.02 ± 1.99 Ba | 74.65 ± 1.74 Ba | 78.90 ± 0.92 Cb |
| Estelite Omega | 59.36 ± 0.41 Ac | 69.90 ± 1.65 Bab | 75.17 ± 1.73 Cbd | 65.92 ± 0.49 Bb | 69.90 ± 1.65 BDa | 76.03 ± 0.83 Cc |
| Empress Direct | 53.27 ± 0.34 Ad | 66.67 ± 5.18 Bb | 73.31 ± 0.35 Cb | 61.68 ± 0.19 Bc | 66.67 ± 5.18 BDb | 73.57 ± 0.24 Cc |
-
Different capital letters in the row represent statistically differences between treatments for the same resin composite by Two-way ANOVA with repeated measurements followed by Tukey's post hoc test (p < 0.05). Different lowercase letters in the column represent statistically differences between the resin composites for the same group (same column) by One-Way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test (p < 0.05).
table_chartTable 4
Mean and standard deviation in color changes ΔE00 of the resin composites after post-cure heat treatment
| Composites | ΔE00 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Control | PCHT at 100°C | PCHT at 170°C | |
| Z100 | 0.13 ± 0.05 A | 2.60 ± 0.25 B | 2.00 ± 0.25 B |
| Z350 XT | 0.12 ± 0.04 A | 0.70 ± 0.26 C | 1.10 ± 0.13 D |
| Estelite Omega | 0.16 ± 0.08 A | 1.00 ± 0.04 D | 3.50 ± 0.41 E |
| Empress Direct | 0.12 ± 0.07 A | 0.72 ± 0.05 C | 1.30 ± 0.12 D |
-
Different capital letters represent statistically differences by Two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test (p < 0.05).
table_chartTable 5
Mean and standard deviation in color changes (ΔE00) of the thermal treated resin composites resin after immersion in water, coffee and wine
| Water | Coffee | Wine | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Composites | Control | 100°C | 170°C | Control | 100°C | 170°C | Control | 100°C | 170°C |
| Z100 | 2.23 ± 0.11 Aa | 0.99 ± 0.072 Ba | 0.62 ± 0.14 Ca | 6.90 ± 0.22 Da | 4.30 ± 0.55 Ea | 2.7 ± 0.8 Aa | 7.50 ± 0.44 Da | 4.90 ± 0.13 Ea | 5.50 ± 0.68 Fa |
| Z350 XT | 0.43 ± 0.21 Ab | 0.97 ± 0.18 Aa | 1.50 ± 0.19 Ab | 16.00 ± 0.46 Bb | 13.00 ± 1.30 Cb | 11 ± 0.65 Db | 22.00 ± 0.2 Eb | 19.00 ± 0.54 Fb | 15.02 ± 0.83 Bb |
| Estelite Omega | 1.50 ± 0.11 Ac | 0.65 ± 0.15 Ab | 1.00 ± 0.13 Ac | 9.60 ± 0.076 Bc | 7.60 ± 0.61 Cc | 5.6 ± 0.31 Dc | 8.40 ± 0.69 Cc | 6.30 ± 0.26 Da | 6.41 ± 0.26 Da |
| Empress Direct | 0.94 ± 0.14 Ad | 1.50 ± 0.03 Ac | 1.2 ± 0.08 Abc | 23.00 ± 0.26 Bd | 23.00 ± 0.89 Bd | 19 ± 0.84 Cd | 23.00 ± 0.51 Bd | 23.00 ± 1.80 Bc | 18.00 ± 1.00 Cc |
-
Different capital letters in the row represent statistically differences between treatments for the same resin composite by Two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test (p < 0.05). Different lowercase letters in the column represent statistically differences between the resin composites for the same group (same column) by One-Way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test (p < 0.05).
table_chartTable 6
Mean and standard deviation in color changes (ΔE00) of the composite resins after the post-cure heat treatment and immersion in water, coffee and wine
| Water | Coffee | Wine | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Composites | Control | 100°C | 170°C | Control | 100°C | 170°C | Control | 100°C | 170°C |
| Z100 | 2.30 ± 0.01 Aad | 3.10 ± 0.70 Ba | 1.80 ± 0.20 Aa | 6.60 ± 0.33 Ca | 6.40 ± 0.50 CDa | 4.30 ± 0.66 Ea | 7.30 ± 0.39 Ca | 6.90 ± 0.08 Ca | 5.80 ± 0.46 CDa |
| Z350 XT | 0.52 ± 0.19 Ab | 0.62 ± 0.17 Ab | 0.49 ± 0.32 Ab | 16.00 ± 0.42 Bb | 13.00 ± 1.30 Cb | 12.00 ± 0.63 Db | 22.00 ± 0.20 Eb | 19.00 ± 0.53 Fb | 16.00 ± 0.81 Bb |
| Estelite Omega | 1.80 ± 0.47 Aa | 1.40 ± 0.57 Ac | 2.40 ± 0.28 Ab | 9.10 ± 0.02 Bc | 8.20 ± 0.56 Cc | 7.80 ± 0.09 Cc | 7.70 ± 0.65 Ca | 6.20 ± 0.07 Da | 8.50 ± 0.27 Cc |
| Empress Direct | 1.50 ± 0.34 Aae | 0.95 ± 0.20 Ac | 0.72 ± 0.21 Ac | 23.00 ± 0.27 Bd | 23.00 ± 0.88 Bd | 19.00 ± 1.80 Cd | 23.00 ± 0.49 Bb | 23.00 ± 1.80 Bc | 19.00 ± 0.97 Cd |
-
Different capital letters in the row represent statistically differences between treatments for the same resin composite by Two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test (p < 0.05). Different lowercase letters in the column represent statistically differences between the resin composites for the same group (same column) by One-Way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test (p < 0.05).
table_chartTable 7
Mean and standard deviation in contrast ratio and ΔCR values of the resin composites before and after post-cure heat treatment
| Contrast Ratio | ΔCR | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Composites | Control (Room temperature) | PCHT at 100°C | PCHT at 170°C | ||||||
| After Curing | After 10min | After Curing | After PCHT | After Curing | After PCHT | Control | PCHT at 100°C | PCHT at 170°C | |
| Z100 | 0.50 ± 0.007 Aa | 0.50 ± 0.009 Aa | 0.50 ± 0.009 Aa | 0.52 ± 0.009 Ba | 0.51 ± 0.011 Aa | 0.52 ± 0.012 Ba | 0.0031 ± 0.003 A | 0.0180 ± 0.005 B | 0.0085 ± 0.012 B |
| Z350 XT | 0.44 ± 0.008 Ab | 0.44 ± 0.006 Ab | 0.45 ± 0.014 Ab | 0.45 ± 0.015 Ab | 0.46 ± 0.005 Ab | 0.47 ± 0.005 Bb | -0.004 ± 0.0061 A | 0.0006 ± 0.019 A | 0.0071 ± 0.0047 A |
| Estelite Omega | 0.47 ± 0.004 Ac | 0.47 ± 0.006 Ac | 0.48 ± 0.008 Ac | 0.48 ± 0.008 Ac | 0.47 ± 0.004 Ac | 0.49 ± 0.046 Bc | -0.0001 ± 0.0051 A | 0.004 ± 0.0069 A | 0.0202 ± 0.004 B |
| Empress Direct | 0.55 ± 0.008 Ad | 0.55 ± 0.007 Ad | 0.53 ± 0.005 Bd | 0.53 ± 0.005 Bd | 0.54 ± 0.009 Ad | 0.54 ± 0.012 Ad | - 0.0003 ± 0.0037 A | - 0.0016 ± 0.006 A | 0.0005 ± 0.011 A |
-
Different uppercase letters in the row represent significant differences between treatments for the same resin composite for contrast ratio. Two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test (p < 0.05). Different lowercase letters in the column represent significant differences between the resin composites for the same group. One ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test (p < 0.05). Different capital letters for ΔCR represent statistically differences by Two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test (p < 0.05).
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