Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Low genetic similarity in Paspalum notatum accessions. High genetic distance among diploid accessions. The accessions have good potential to breeding program.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Callogenesis was induced from watermelon anthers The auxin 2,4-D at 2.0 and 5.0 μM concentrations induced callus formation. Anthers’ responses to the pre-treatment at 4 °C varied according to the watermelon genotype.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Brachiaria decumbens pasture associated with kudzu Pueraria phaseloides legume represents an alternative for higher arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). Higher lime doses presented high rates of AMF and improved soil chemical properties (SCP). Higher lime doses were the most influential technological factor than the type of pasture and the N, P, K fertilizer sources on AMF.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Azospirillum brasilense stimulates root growth in maize under water deficit. Maize inoculated with A. brasilense shows greater photosynthesis under drought conditions. Under water deficit, maize plants inoculated with A. brasilense showed greater water use efficiency (WUE).

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS P. ostreatus and P. sapidus are the most productive species under the evaluated conditions. Different growing systems are suitable for the production of P. ostreatus var. Florida. Temperature control level affects differently the P. ostreatus var. Florida isolates. Environmental and strain factors affect yield and production parameters of P. ostreatus var. Florida.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Semi-quantitative elemental analysis of the soils was accomplished through EDXRF. The µ, PA, CS and IS of hardsetting soil fractions was calculated by using the XCOM computer code. The mineralogical composition was determined by the RM-XRD. With PCA was possible to discriminate soil fractions and to correlate µ, PA, CS and IS.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Isolation two species of pathogens Fusarium from sugarcane. Identification the difference in morphological characterization between two species of Fusarium. Determination the ability of pathogens Fusarium to produce mycotoxin Beauvericin. Determination of the toxicity Beauvericin on the brine shrimp.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Abscisic acid is catabolized by CYP707A enzymes CYP707A gene family was characterized in strawberry Phylogenetic, network interaction and gene expression analysis were performed CYP707A genes are involved in the salt stress response in strawberry.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS The FvEPSPS encodes a polypeptide of 520 amino acids. FvEPSPS was constitutively expressed in stems, leaves and roots, with lower expression in roots. FvEPSPS expression level could increase significantly with glyphosate treatment. Transgenic Arabidopsis Thaliana with FvEPSPS gene exhibited 10 mM glyphosate to resistance. Transgenic Arabidopsis Thaliana with FvEPSPS gene exhibited 10 mM glyphosate to resistance.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS This is the first report of the in vitro propagation of Helianthemum germanicopolitanum Bornm. It is a comprehensive optimization study in which 3 different media, 64 different PGR combinations and 2 different solidifiers are tested. The success of acclimatization is 32%.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Bromelain was extracted from crown, core, and peel waste of pineapple. Ammonium sulphate (NH4)2SO4 precipitation method was used as a simple and cost-effective approach for partial purification of bromelain. A purification of 4.34, 2.75 and 2.59-fold was achieved for crown, core and peel bromelain samples respectively. Enzyme activity recovery of 170.41 %, 192.37 % and 337.59 % was achieved for crown, core, and peel bromelain, respectively.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHT Bacillus subtilis VS, an isolate from mango with bacteriocin producing ability. Bacteriocin potentially inhibited pathogenic S. boydii, S. typhi & amp; L. monocytogenes. DEAE cellulose and sephadex G75 chromatography are best suited for purification. Purified bacteriocin found to be stable at broad pH and temperature range.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS This is first study to present AGC protein as a candidate antigen in ELISA. High yield 514.2 mg purity of recombinant protein. Urea purification method is a simple and low-cost with high efficiency technique which has been used in this research. rAcB demonstrating that might be useful for evaluation of antibody level in vaccinated animal.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Bioethanol production from apricot pomace was reported for the first time. Dilute acid and enzymatic hydrolyses can efficiently saccharify the apricot pomace. The washing step increased the fermentation efficiency significantly. The maximum ethanol was observed as 30.09 g/L from 20% washed apricot pomace.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Comparative analysis of Machine Learning techniques for Crop prediction. Performance evaluation based on only soil, only environmental characteristics and both. Performance analysis for classifiers using k-fold validation. Performance analysis using data splitting method.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Colletotrichum siamense and C. fructicola were identified in guarana plants. C. siamense, a mycovirus-carrying endophyte, protects the plant against a phytopathogenic fungus. C. siamense with the mycovirus stimulates the growth of Paullinia cupana plants.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS The addition of MeJa and SA on the 6th day for 24 h resulted in a 1.07 and 1.3 times increase in total flavonoid content compared to the control culture. Optimizing parameters such as MeJa and SA concentration, addition time and harvest time resulted in total flavonoid content 4.14 and 3.75 mg EQ/g DW, respectively.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS P. pastoris and E. coli systems were able to express GnRH/LTB; Fusion of singles GnRH and LTB molecules are immunogenic in mice; GnRH vaccine induces histological changes on mice gonads; GnRH/LTB molecule is a promising antigen for an immunocontraceptive vaccine.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Sewage sludge biochar (SSB) controls different phytopathogens. SSB has a direct effect on the mycelial growth of phytopathogenic fungi. Control of phytopathogens in low concentrations (up to 0.8%) of SSB.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS The soil spatial variability is related with plant development. There was no difference between the interpolation methods. The hydraulic conductivity and mainly the slope change the plant growth.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Lipases were enriched from Geobacillus and Anoxybacillus lysates For each lipase, ethanol precipitation resulted in the highest enrichment fold Ethanol precipitation is a simple enrichment method that can result in high yields

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Chitosan 100 ppm is better than other concentrations for oat yield and quality. Application of moringa leaf extract ratio at1:40 produced better yield, CP and minerals in oats. For oat yield and quality traits, application of sea weed extract at 2% and thiourea 400 ppm performed better than other traits. Overall, fodder yield and quality parameters were enhanced by the application of biostimulants.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Planted stands can be used for extending and preserving the genetic diversity of natural stands.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Tibraca limbativentris is one of the main pests on rice crops. Its spatial distribution pattern can be studied using a geostatistical approach. There was variation in the T. limbativentris spatial structure according to rice phenology. The ordinary kriging interpolator performed better in predicting its populations.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Different tillage systems affect soil physical properties. The final water infiltration rate is a good indicator of changes in soil physical properties. Conventional tillage increases total and meso, but decreases microporosity. Change in pore size distribution enhances substantially water infiltration. Six months after tillage most of the enhancement in water infiltration has disappeared.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS C. cubensis-P. pinophilum enzyme blend resulted in high levels of synergy Mild hydrothermal pretreatment reduced the hemicellulases requirement in hydrolysis The best results were obtained by the enzymatic blend in H60-SCB saccharification

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS The effect of phenotypic distance between parental lines on the yield of C. annuum var. annuum × C. annuum var. grossum F1 hybrids was assessed. Simultaneously, the target of the research was transferring of the GMS ms10 gene from hot pepper to heat tolerant bell pepper inbreds. Over the BP, the hybrid MS-12 × PAU SM-31 was found to be superior in respect of total fruit yield plant-1 and pericarp thickness.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Process development to produce xylanolytic enzymes by Talaromyces wortmannii. First report of T. wortmannii cultivation in bioreactors using industrial agro wastes. The best condition for xylanolytic enzymes production were 29 °C and pH 6.0.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Completely yellow sweet pepper fruits have higher physiological seed quality. Enzymatic activity is an indicator of physiological quality of sweet pepper seed. Post-harvest resting affects the quality of sweet pepper seeds.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS L. duriusculum n-BuOH extract reduces inflammatory responses both in vitro and in vivo. L. duriusculum n-BuOH extract inhibits NF-κB-dependent transcriptional responses. L. duriusculum n-BuOH extract decreases the expression of TNF-α and IL-6 genes.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS: Tumor progression and anxiety and depression behaviors under evaluation during propranolol use in murine melanoma. Evaluation of anxiety and depression through forced swimming behavior tests, elevated plus maze, open field and marble-burying test.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS RT-qPCR efficiency can vary according to 260/280 ratio of samples analyzed. Chemotherapeutic drugs in the blood sample was not correlated with Ct variation (qPCR). The spectrophotometer determines a RNA quantification with 2.2 times higher than the fluorimeter. Antibiotics in the blood sample can be associated in 11.3% with the variability of 260/280 ratio.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Coccidiosis cause important economic losses for poultry industry. Bti produce proteins with high specific parasiticidal effect. Bti reduce the number of Eimeria bateri oocysts in quail.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Spatial learning and memory impairment through bilateral injection of 6-OHDA (6-Hydroxydopamine) into the SNc which also leads to the destruction of neurons in the hippocampus. ADSCs (Adipose tissue-derived stem cells) transplantation had neuroprotective effect and recovered the memory deficit in 6-OHDA-induced rat model of Parkinson’s disease. Rosemary extract pre-treatment compensated the memory deficit in 6OHDA-induced rat model of Parkinson’s disease.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS The CC genotype of the LEP gene decreases 28.71 days of the calving to conception interval. The AA genotype of the Pit-1 gene decreases 41.36 days the age at first calving. The CC genotype of the LEP gene decreases 13.62 days the calving interval. A59V and HinfI loci are candidate SNPs to be validated in marker assisted programs.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Testosterone decrease pancreas p53 expression levels in type 2 diabetes and castrated diabetic rats. Voluntary exercise decrease pancreas p53 expression levels in type 2 diabetes and castrated diabetic rats. Testosterone combined with Voluntary exercise had a synergistic effect on reducing pancreas p53 expression levels and decrease the symptoms of type 2 diabetes in diabetic and castrated diabetic rats.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Flavonoids potentially target GyrB. Screened flavonoids have good bioavailability and no toxicity. Flavonoids could preferentially interact with GyrB and some of them exhibit higher binding affinity towards GyrB than novobiocin.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Allium jesdianum extract inhibits proliferation of HT-29 cells Allium jesdianum extract induces necroptosis in HT-29 cells Allium jesdianum extract induces oxidative stress in HT-29 cells

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Ellagic acid (EA) reduces oxidative damage and thus it can protect S. cerevisiae against to ROS. SDS-PAGE results reveal that EA induces total protein synthesis. EA induces S. cerevisiae cell development and it reduces MDA levels and it increases GSH levels.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Changes in GST enzyme activity in rat tissues exposed to fenarimol were investigated. GST activity was increased in liver, kidney and small intestine tissues to fenarimol exposure. GST activity was decreased in brain intestine tissues to fenarimol exposure. Fenarimol can cause a toxic effect on metabolism by causing changes in GST activity.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS β-caryophyllene, bicyclogermacrene, globulol, and δ-cadinene were de major constituents. Antimicrobial activity was tested with twelve microorganisms of interest. Promissing antibacterial activity of essential oil against several gram-positive bacteria. The essential oil showed marked toxicity to A. salina.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Leprosy is a neglected tropical disease. Poly(4-aminophenol) was a good platform for immobilization of DNA. The methylene blue was an appropriate hybridization indicator in this electrochemical DNA biosensor.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Gluten is the main storage protein of cereals grains (wheat, barley, corn, etc.). Gluten is composed of glutenin polymers and gliadin monomers. Gluten consumption leads to severe adverse effects on the intestinal tract. Glutens leads to severe adverse effects blood cytokine parameters.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS The expression of various proteins such as Vimentin, SMA, PCNA and VEGE did not show a definitive trend among the goat breeds. So, these may not be so useful as markers while studying effect of altitudes on the respiratory tissue in animal models.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS The main characteristic of SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 is that air passes through the upper respiratory tract The tissue of the upper respiratory tract can express both ACE2 and TMPRSS2. AR is abundantly expressed in lungs. TMPRSS2, ACE2, and AR connection explains why high expression of AR gene is present in the male lung.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Evaluation of a new method for preparing bacterial cell-free extract to develop a simple, cost-effective, biocompatible and environmental approach NADH-dependent nitrate reductase enzyme is present as the most important factor for silver ion reduction and silver nanoparticle production. There is a significant difference between the antioxidant activity of nanoparticles compared to the extract. Biosynthesized nanoparticles have a stronger antibacterial potential than drug-resistant bacteria. Biosynthesized nanoparticles have cytotoxic effects in some human cell lines (breast cell line (MCF-7) and liver cancer (HepG-2).

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Maximum biofilm formation of GBS is at neutral pH (pH 7). At a pH of 4.5, there is a greater reduction in viable cells than at other pH value. At Normal vaginal pH (3.5 - 4.5), biofilm formation by GBS is low. Glucose concentration in the media influences biofilm production. Nutrient rich culture media support biofilm growth.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Metformin reported to decrease body weight of obese patient. Metformin showed hepatorenal side effects in obese rats. Metformin induces biochemical changes in obese rats. Metformin alters histological architectures of liver and kidney of obese rats.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Ewing sarcoma (EWS) is the second most seen type of bone tumor in childhood. microRNAs may have regulatory effects in regulating tumor process of EWS. We have shown that regulatory role of miR-129-2-3p in EWS cell lines and human tissue samples. miR-129-2-3p acts as a tumor suppressor and reduced proliferation, migration, invasion in EWS.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Toxic effects of thimerosal on rat liver. Thimerosal increased the the level of ALT, ALP and AST. Activity of CAT, SOD, POD GSH and protein was reduced. DNA damage was observed.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS IgG and IgA from normal human serum can recognize E. coli antigens and LPS. The PBMC proliferation assay was induced by E. coli antigens and by LPS. Mucosal antigens may induce local and systemic responses.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Essential oil (EO) of Niaouli is an inhibitor on biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa. The main components of Niaouli EO act as possible inhibitors of LasR. The inhibition effect of these molecules on LasR is verified by molecular docking. Niaouli EO has effects on cell viability of fibroblast cells at high concentrations. Niaouli is a valuable essential oil for pharmaceutical applications.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS The plant extract show enhancement on non-specific immune response in gilthead seabream. Short term application of Sternbergia candida give a valuable result for fish farms. This study result obtained in natural environmental condition in a gilthead seabream farm.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Oxidative stress cause due to ROS generation at hyperglycemic state. SOD activity decrease due to the protein glycation. Diabetes retinopathy enhances the MDA level.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Marine collagen - spongin - extract from specimens of the sponge Aplysina fulva. Spongin has physicochemical and morphological properties analogous to human collagen. Spongin is an alternative source of collagen for tissue engineering proposals.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS E. coli BL21 as a suitable expression and delivery vaccine system; rSeM protein protect mice against S. equi infection; E. coli cells enhance the immune response against S. equi; rSeM protein, purified or not, presented immunogenicity in horses.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS P. boryanum as a source of bioactive compounds. P. boryanum biomass present anti-inflammatory properties. Phenolic compounds from P. boryanum are anti-inflammatory and antioxidants.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Gynogenesis didn’t have significant effect on Caspian salmon immunological indices. Gynogenesis weren’t have any effect on Caspian salmon blood chemical indices. Hematological indices didn’t show any changes by Caspian salmon gynogenesis. Growth characteristics were improved by gynogenesis in Caspian salmon fish.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS All fecal samples from Columbia livia and captive birds were positive for yeast. A simple boiling method provides DNA to ensure success in specific amplifications. Pigeon feces held more potentially pathogenic Candida spp. compared to captive birds’ stool. 80% of the samples isolated from birds’ feces were Candida non-albicans. Cleaning urban spaces and captivity can provide fewer risks to individuals.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Ricinus communis and Withania somnifera extracts contain considerable polyphenol compounds. R. communis and W. somnifera extracts showed significant in vitro antioxidant activities. R. communis and W. somnifera extracts markedly inhibited xylene-induced ear edema in rats. Both herbal extracts significantly reduced paw edema induced by egg albumin and carrageenan.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Brown propolis from Southwest of Parana modulated pacu immune system. Dietary supplementation of propolis extract increased fish serum lysozyme concentration. Dietary supplementation of propolis extract increased fish circulating organic defense cells. Brown propolis extract did not cause toxic effects on pacu.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Propolis combinations with carbimazole or levothyroxine have an effect on blood in female rats. Carbimazole dose of 0.01mg /g for six weeks causes renal damage in female rats. Levothyroxine dose of 0.1µg/g for six weeks causes renal degenerative effects. Iraqi PR dose of 50mg/kg for six weeks have a renal protective effect.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS INH1 inhibits cell proliferation of A549 and HeLa cells. INH1 has cytostatic and cytoskeletal effects at different concentrations. INH1 can be used for new cancer treatment protocols.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Malnutrition damages the biomechanical and densitometric properties of the femur. Aerobic exercise reduces maximum femoral load until fracture in malnutrition. Aerobic exercise increases the damage to BMC and BMD established by malnutrition.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Helicobacter pylori is commonly associated with gastric ulcer. The bacteria are showing resistance to common antibiotics. Natural antimicrobial such as Clove oil, curcumin showed significant activities against H. pylori.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Secondary metabolites modulating the action of fibrinogenolytic proteases. Protecting DNA molecules from enzymatic degradation. Inhibiting hemorrhagic proteases.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Inclusion of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCDC15 in the form of fermented milk at 100, 200 and 300 mL/calf/day in Murrah buffalo calves. Fermented milk improved immunity and faecal biomarkers in Murrah buffalo calves without any adverse effect on nutrient utilization Responses were more evident in 200 and 300 mL probiotic fermented milk-fed groups as compared to 100 mL.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Adaptive changes found in gills are caused by Temephos, Roundup and SDS. Cellular and vascular changes in gills exposed to Roundup. Hyperplasia of secondary lamellae was observed in all exposed groups.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Effect of IGF-I and IGFALS on growth traits. Genotype and allele frequency. Use IGF-I and IGFALS genes as molecular marker.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS The current study focuses on antibacterial potential of bacterial isolates from gut of Asian HB, Apis cerana Indica F. (Hymenoptera: Apidae), against human pathogens. PCR study confirmed the presence of bacteriocins by successful amplification of important antimicrobial peptide biosynthesis genes spaS and spoA. Results suggested HB gut is a home to bacteria that possess antimicrobial activity and important enzymes with antimicrobial potential This is the first report demonstrating the antimicrobial potential of bacteria isolated from gut of HB (A. cerana) against human pathogens.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Essential oils from populations of B. dracunculifolia were investigated. β-pinene and (E)-nerolidol were the main compounds in B. dracunculifolia populations. The difference in the chemical profile of the essential oils is quantitative only. There is a negative correlation between the antioxidant activity and spathulenol.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Sodium arsenite can cause neoplastic transformation in cells. Curcumin reduced cell viability and increased LDH activity in transformed Balb/c 3T3 cells. Curcumin caused DNA damage in transformed Balb/c 3T3 cells. Curcumin may play a protective role in sodium arsenite-induced toxicity.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Isolate, fractionate and characterize extracts obtained from soursop leaves. Use of emerging green technologies such as microwave-ultrasound hybridization. The extracts contain kaempferol, procyanidins, catechin, and quercetin. The total ethanolic extract demonstrates cytotoxic effect on HeLa cells.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS The phenolic composition, antioxidant activity and cytotoxic potential of the extracts of C. solstitialis and U. picroides were investigated. Caffeic acid was found as the most abundant phenolic compound in the extracts. Both species showed promising antioxidant activity towards different assays. The highest cytotoxic potential was observed in the extract of C. solstitialis.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Crassostrea oysters larvae patterns in estuarine environments. Larvae distribution patterns in Guaratuba Bay (Paraná State - Brazil).

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Fluoxetine increases the metabolic rate and excretion of ammonia in both species. O:N ratio in fish showed higher values in the highest concentrations of fluoxetine. The LC50 - 96 hour values of Palaemon pandaliformis represented greater toxicity. Both species are a good biological model for fluoxetine exposure studies.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Chemical characterization of PA extracts has high content of phenolic compounds. PA extracts from G. angustifolia may be used in the pharmaceutical industry and agriculture. A total of 66 compounds with approximate match percentage ≥ 89% were identified. The PA extracts showed a high content of antioxidant properties.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Ilex paraguariensis infusion reaches elevated iron chelating potential. Storage for 24h decreases phenolic acids without affecting iron chelating activity. This infusion may be exploited as a natural iron chelating agent.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS B chromosomes of different species have a common origin. B chromosomes similarities suggest Parauchenipterus diagnosis is likely not valid.

Abstract in English:

Abstract In the last decades the oyster faming stands out as the main mitigating measure to the decline of the fishery, as it presents socio-economic and environmental viability. However, for the success of the activity, it is necessary to understand the stages of cultivation, as well as the growth performance of the species to be cultivated. The present work aims to characterize the growth and survival of Crassostrea tulipa, cultivated on the Amazon coast. For this purpose, oysters were grouped by commercial size class (seed, juvenile, baby, average and masters) and compared the growth rates and their relationships with the abiotic variables. There was no difference in the average growth between the oyster classes, however, when comparing them in the total and percentage growth rates, a higher performance was observed in the oysters classified by juvenile and seed, respectively. The relationship of salinity to oyster growth was evidenced only in the class of juvenile oysters. The cultivation time required to obtain native oysters in the commercial size varied between four and seven months, being inferior to those found in other Brazilian regions.

Abstract in English:

Abstract Lectins were discovered first in plants and later in other living things, and nowadays it is known that they are present in almost all many life forms. These proteins can bind to specific carbohydrates, which make them perform a number of biological activities and can be used as tools in the study of glycoconjugate structures present on the cell surface, being effective in medical research. Plant lectins, leguminosae lectins particularly, are among the most studied plant proteins. They are very versatile molecules, which show several interesting biological properties. Thus, the present paper reviewed the advances about the leguminosae lectins biological properties studies in the last ten years, taking into account their possible applications in the fields of Clinical Microbiology, Pharmacy and Cancerology through a search in the electronic databases, providing opportunity to exchange information about the theme. Leguminosae lectins can neutralize pathogenic organisms, be they viruses, prokaryotes and eukaryotes, in addition carcinogenic cells, besides decreasing oxidative stress, conditions which increases the possibility of alternative substances for the design of new drugs to be used in current therapeutic, expanding the possibilities of diseases cure.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Action potential (AP) in earthworm. Low-cost amplifier for AP determination. Big neural cord in earthworm. Introducing students to neuroscience.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Confusion in the taxonomy of squirrelfishes was caused by the numerous nominal species. Our phylogeny provides a basis for evolutionary analyses of the Holocentridae. Silverspot squirrelfish was clustered as closest taxa to sabre squirrelfish.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS EsCPR was isolated from E. sinensis using RT-PCR and RACE methods. EsCPR mRNA was markedly expressed in the hepatopancreas and stomach of E. sinensis. The results showed a higher CPR expression level in the premolt than other stages.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Flower biology of early sweet cherry cultivars. Fruit set and ovule structure. Pistil morphology of cherries. Pollen and fruits.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS The ibogain action has not been completely clarified. Honey bee midgut is suitable model system for testing the antioxidative mechanisms. The ex vivo ibogaine treatment induced an up-regulation of Sod1 gene. Ibogaine shows pro-antioxidant action.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) provide a basis for understanding the biological and molecular processes within the cell MP2C is regulated in the response of various abiotic-stresses. In plants, the most significant signaling mechanism engaged in abiotic stress response is the MAPK cascade, which transforms the environmental and growth signal into an intracellular response. For the prediction of accurate and high-quality PPIs, high-throughputin silicotechniques are use.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS The effects of different extraction methods/solvents on the plant's biological activity The effect of various extraction methods/solvents on the chemical components of the plant Biological activities of different extracts from the plant Analysis of major phenolic compounds and in-silico ADMET prediction

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Species richness in monoculture decreases as the distance from natural areas increases. Natural areas can act as refuge for pollinators, parasitoids, and predators. Natural areas can act as source of ecosystem services for monocultures. Natural areas can contribute economically for agriculture by providing pollination.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Bauhinia monandra leaf is mesomorphous to xeromorphous. It has glandular navicular and uniseriate nonglandular trichomes. The petiole has differential anatomical characteristics within the genus. The pulvinus and the motile cushion have live pectic septate fibres.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Qualea grandiflocompounds with proven therapeutic properties; Hydroalcoholic extract of the leaves of Qualea grandiflora increase the expression of MMP-14 and HIF-1α.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Diclofenac and ibuprofen-derived complexes decrease viability of breast cancer cell lines Complex 1 presented antitumor effect in all breast cancer cell lines tested including on triple negative cell line (MDA-MB-231) (IC50 202µM) Complex 1 was selective for both 4T1 and MDA-MB-231 cells

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS The movement of Mimosa pudica L. has potential for the use in formulation of actuators. The developed actuator has the potential to be used in the automation area. Using simple materials is an interesting proposal to be explored in bioinspired actuators.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Kombucha is a tea formed by symbiotic combination of bacteria and yeasts. Kombucha teas produced with blackberry, raspberry, and red goji berry. Tea samples produced with blackberry were the most appreciated ones in all criteria. Potassium, magnesium, catechin and gallic acid were detected in all samples.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Ethanol induces reproductive dysfunction. Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) improves steroidogenesis. Ginger inhibits oxidative stress and inflammation. Ginger improves ethanol-induced reproductive dysfunction.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS E-nerolidol, 1,8-cineol and methyl eugenol rich species of Melaleuca were identified in this study. Essential oils exhibited strong antioxidant,antibacterial and Invitro anti inflammatory activity. These marker constitutents impart valuable place of this crop in agriculture.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Green synthesis of silver nanostructures (Ag-NSs) using Rhus coriaria fruit extract. Characterization of green synthesized Ag-NSs using UV-Vis, TEM, XRD and Zeta potential methods. Significant anti-proliferative activity of Ag-NSs against MCF-7 breast cancer cells.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS A Feature extraction technique is proposed which extracts 120 features from Corona virus genome sequences. A classification accuracy of 97.96% is achieved for a dataset with 1000 samples of seven strains of Corona virus genome sequences. The most repeat pattern “TTGTT” is identified in COVID-19 genome sequence.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Small preservation areas are very important to preserve macrofungi biodiversity. The Madre Monte Preservation reserve in the Colombian Andes has contributed to preserve at last 3 rare species, 19 new citations to the Andes and 2 new to the country. Change the strategy creating small preservation areas instead of large ones could be an important step in preserving macrofungi.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Ischemia-reperfusion triggers acute kidney injury due to reactive oxygen species. Quercetin is an antioxidant flavonoid that modulate the Rennin-Angiotensin System. Quercetin prevents tubular cell death, oxidation, and mitochondrial depolarization. Quercetin interacts with the angiotensin AT1 receptor.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Hoopoe has been traditionally treated as a single species. RAPD PCR and COI gene barcodes were used to separate hoopoes. This study suggests the separation of Upupa epops major into a new species.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS The insecticidal activity of L. dentata EO was tested on A. gemmatalis. The calculated LC50 of L. dentata EO was 0.197% v/v for A. gemmatalis. The EO was applied on soybean leaves to verify its deterrent effect on the insect. EO at 0.4% v/v has already had a deterrent effect on the caterpillars.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Boceprevir is a potential therapeutic that targets the main protease of SARS-CoV-2. Mutations change the inhibitory binding pattern in the catalytic domain of the main protease. Mutations of main protease of SARS-CoV-2 cause a decrease in boceprevir affinity.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Production of lipid nanoemulsions (<100 nm) of industrial interest with low energy demand. The antioxidant properties of babassu oil have been improved and the nanoemulsions are not cytotoxic. Babassu oil is a food and medicinal product. The nanoemulsion is strategic for the developed of new antioxidants phytotherapeutics.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Chips from orange-fleshed sweet potato have a good acceptability. Drying process showed retention of carotenoids total content. Chips from drying or frying process showed high resistant starch content.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Yoghurts were supplemented with milky and dough stage wheat grain flours. Total antioxidant capacity was improved by wheat grain flour supplementation. Milky stage wheat provided higher fructan content than that of dough stage wheat. Fermentation reduced phytic acid levels in yoghurts containing wheat grain flours.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Extracts and characterizes the starch from the stem of the pineapple plant. Pineapple stem starch shows small granule size and high gelatinization temperature. It possesses A-type crystals and is more viscous compared to corn starch. Results indicate the usefulness of this agro-waste starch in food industries.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Drying kinetics of shrimp shell and crab exoskeleton were obtained experimentally The Page and Midilli models showed the best fitting results to simulate the experimental data Third-order models were obtained for both materials using the stepwise fit method The ANNs showed the best fitting performance to describe the experimental drying curves Modeling of the drying process can be simulated successfully by multivariable approaches.

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HIGHLIGHTS CO5 increased the weight and pH of the fruit, with a decrease in the titratable acidity. Residues positively influence the nutrients K, Ca, Cu and Mn in cherry tomato fruits.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS The Page model can predict the moisture content of acerola by-product. The convective drying does not present a great loss of the antioxidant capacity. Increase of ascorbic acid and total vitamin C levels at the end of drying at 40 °C. Proanthocyanidins did not show large variations during drying at all temperatures.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS The blends of essential oils were effective against vegetative cells of C. perfringens. The blends of essential oils were antioxidants in the meat product. Essential oils have a preservative action in mortadella.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS The quality of turmeric powder depends mainly on curing and drying methods Curcumin is highly retained in conventional curing and solar tunnel drier Open-air sun drying resulted in powder with low ash values and high essential oil Improved curing with open-air sun drying provided the maximum oleoresin yield

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS The use of grape molasses and other additives reduced the cake brightness. Enriched cake samples had higher ash and crude protein content than control samples. All additives increased the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity (p<0.05) of cake samples. Pomegranate seed and flaxseed improved the Ca, P and K contents of control cakes.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS The samples irradiated showed losses of bioactive compounds; UV-C treatment delayed the softening of the grapes; The color of grapes did not change due to irradiation.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS A linear relationship was revealed between HMF concentration and red color resulting from the modified Seliwanoff test. Artificial intelligence interpretation of the concentration-color relationship were evaluated. The modified Seliwanoff test has been shown to be used for HMF determination.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS One hundred and eighty spices from Brazilian market were analyzed. Thirty paprika samples (100%) contained ocratoxin A, 0.75 - 147.18 ng/g. Twenty-nine nutmeg samples (100%) contained AFs, 2.71 - 48.67 ng/g.

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HIGHLIGHTS Comparative study of the operation of eight real cases of systems installed in Paraná. There is a convergence between the values estimated by the Atlas and the ones calculated. It was possible to identify the cities that presented the greatest figures of merit.

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HIGHLIGHTS Novel whale optimization algorithm is proposed for prediction of breast cancer. Deep learning-based WOA adjusts the CNN structure as per maximum detection accuracy. Proposed method achieves 92.4% accuracy in comparison to 90.3%. Validity of method is evaluated with magnifying factors like 40x, 100 x, 200x, 400x.

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HIGHLIGHTS Alkaline, acid and alkaline peroxide pretreatments were evaluated in biomass sorghum hydrolysis. Acid and H2O2 pretreatments were the best in holocellulose protection and lignin removal. Highest monosaccharide yields were in hydrolysis of PTB1 (HCl 0.34%) and PTC1 (5% H2O2). Greatest ethanol yield was obtained in PTB1 hydrolysate (16.15%).

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HIGHLIGHTS Observation of the antibacterial and cytotoxic effects of CD.COM due to the synergy between cyclodextrin, triazole and TiO2 NPs. The antibacterial activity of CD.COM against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria. The CD.COM cytotoxicity against cancer cells and compatibility with fibroblast cells.

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HIGHLIGHTS A method of computing the correlation connection network is first proposed. A concept of the mean functional concentration ratios of the enzyme reactions is proposed. The functional concentration ratio and the evolutionary correlation are related.

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HIGHLIGHTS This study investigated the effect of agitation on anaerobic co-digestion. The co-digestion of food waste and swine manure was evaluated. Agitation contributed to higher biogas production.

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HIGHLIGHTS Case study approach is used to explore ICT-based collaboration initiative in Pakistan. Collaboration between NADRA, SBP and local commercial banks, and telecom sector during the COVID-19. Mobile fund transfer under “Ehsaas Emergency Cash” program. Study contributes with COVID19, ICT, e-government, and cross sectoral collaboration.

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HIGHLIGHTS Development of a reduced distance matrix, approximately 70% less than [1]. The reduced distance matrix has a shorter processing time than the algorithms [1-3]. Several clusters were constructed with similar protein interactions. The reduced distance matrix obtained satisfactory accuracy.

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HIGHLIGHTS Red pigment of Monascus purpureus effectively extracted from dried fermented oil palm frond (OPF) using 60% ethanol. Maximum pigment recovery was obtained at 30 (C, 180 rpm agitation speed, 16 h, ratio of 1:60 solid to solvent and pH 6 of 60% ethanol. Peleg’s model proved to be the best for describing solid-liquid extraction of the pigments under the above specified conditions.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS In medical surround, high resolution images are needed to discern the details of image. Super resolution image can be made from one/few images by means of compressive sensing. A reckoning soft computing way for resolution enhancement, fuzzy logic is implemented. Better results are obtained for a dataset with different performance metrics.

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HIGHLIGHTS Proposed a dynamic model for ART outcome prediction Partial implementation of the model with the help of machine learning incremental classifier Performance evaluation of the model with the state-of-art methods.

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HIGHLIGHTS DSPRED method based on machine learning algorithms to predict 3-state secondary structure elements. Comparative results for secondary structure prediction. High accuracy of 82.36% based on SCOPe (Structural Classification of Proteins - extended) structural classes.

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HIGHLIGHTS Marine environment has been an important source of cosmetic ingredients. Caviar extract (2%) has scavenged 10.9% ± 0.58 of DPPH radical. Ca-alginate beads has been obtained successfully. Formulation showed good stability and sensory acceptance.

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HIGHLIGHTS Melon Fly algorithm based on the innate events of Melon fly By smell and vision the Melon fly will move to the best location Spontaneous Process Algorithm based onnuclear fission and fusion Nucleus symbolizes the variables and potential solution

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HIGHLIGHTS The semibatch reactor is presented as a new arrangement for fungal bioreactors; The removal of dye was accompanied by the removal of organic matter in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD); The fungi showed high affinity with the polyurethane foam, distributing itself throughout the foam and not restricted only to the surface layer of the support medium; The fungal community remains dominant through bacterial contamination.

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HIGHLIGHTS An expression to relate the EV range by EPA with range by NEDC or WLTP was obtained. Small EV needs subsidies or battery leasing to compete with an ICE car in the private sector. EV are more competitive respect an ICEV as the distance traveled is larger.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS A new framework is designed in which several strong complementary models are derived. On this basis, a simple multi branch network model named GMBFF is designed. Two different feature fusion methods namely single fusion method (SFM) and multi fusion method (MFM) are designed.

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HIGHLIGHTS Coating method suggest an easy and viable alternative to produce HAp films. Dip-coating method was effective to produce a HAp film on titanium cylinders. Cell viability over the HAp-modified cylinders was not altered. Dip-coating method present adequate control of deposition of thin films of hydroxyapatite.

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HIGHLIGHTS Annona muricata L. extract of pulp, seeds and leaves reduces silver to metallic nanoparticles in a simple green method, with or without light exposition. AgNPs synthesized showed the highest antibacterial activity.

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HIGHLIGHTS A Fuzzy logic was applied to assess the sustainability impact of distributed electricity generation. According to the defined sustainability scale, the perception of the rural community presented an parcially sustainable score of the index. The results of the applied model were consistent with the research object in rural communities and can be replicated in similar studies.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Allows simulation of two types of natural gas supply by the road or the pipeline modals. Allows simulating all the necessary structures for the supply of plants through LNG trucks. Allows studies about the National Gas Pipeline Network and their accesses. Allows locations, establishing connections and simulations in 3-D.

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HIGHLIGHTS This paper proposes a new focused crawler for biomedical topics. This paper proposes a novel Attention Enhanced Siamese Long Short Term Memory Networks. The proposed model is trained using ADAM optimizer with Batch Normalization. This paper produces an average harvest rate of 0.39.

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HIGHLIGHTS Ranking for dispatching of power generator units. Introducing the Modified Analytic Hierarchy Process (MAHP). Integration of supervisory systems in thermal power plants. Diagnosing problems in generating units.

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HIGHLIGHTS The aim of this study is to build a diabetes mellitus disease prediction model using machine learning algorithms. To build a diabetes mellitus model for diabetes early prediction, the optimized gaussian naive bayes algorithm is proposed and used as a classifier.

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HIGHLIGHTS Arsenic is considered as one of the highly hazardous elements in the environment and a serious carcinogen for the human health. An enzymatic method has been described by using arsenite oxidase for arsenic detection. Residual activity of the immobilized enzyme was 43% of the initial activity after being recycled 10 times.

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HIGHLIGHTS Brachiaria brizantha proved to be a promising biomass for ethanol production. Fermentation was not impaired by the inhibitors furfural and hydroxymethylfurfural.

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HIGHLIGHTS Climate change affects human infectious disease via pathogen, host and transmission. Go beyond the empirical observation of the association between climate and health effect. Improve prediction of associated changes in infectious diseases at various scales. Health impacts can be controlled by taking certain proactive measures.

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HIGHLIGHTS Recombinant E. coli can produce mono-rhamnolipid and di-rhamnolipid biosurfactants. Rhamnolipid congeners were identified using HRMS. Di-rhamnolipid has lower surface tension and CMC than mono-rhamnolipid. Rhamnolipid production have been optimized to enhance rhamnolipid yield.

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HIGHLIGHTS The gametogenesis of Biomphalaria glabrata was described. Oogenesis was classified into five developmental stages. New histomorphometric parameters were described for oocytes. Spermatogenesis was classified into seven stages of development. B. glabrata histomorphometric parameters as a tool for environmental and public health researches.

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HIGHLIGHTS Terephthalic acid one of the phthalates has been known endocrine disrupting chemical and degraded by bacterial strains. Four bacterial isolates identified as Arthrobacter sp., Chryseobacterium sp. Burkholderia sp. and Pseudomonas sp are able to degrade 100 mgL-1 concentration terephthalic acid. In order to monitory bacteria in CSTR reactor, Real-time PCR was used.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Alkaline pectinase is very significant commercial enzyme used in bioscouring process. In traditional scouring, textile industry utilizes harmful alkaline chemicals to expel non-cellulosic material from the fabrics. Alkaline pectinase productive Bacillus tropicus was isolated from fruit and vegetable waste dump soil. Bacillus tropicus characterized by 16S rDNA sequences analysis.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Bacillus megaterium strain was first reported contributed in polystyrene biodegradation. Viability of Bacillus megaterium utilizing polystyrene was confirmed by TTC reduction test. FESEM showed localized degradation on PS-film surrounding the bacterial cells in the biofilm. FTIR showed changes in chemical structure of the PS-film.

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HIGHLIGHTS Peanut shell waste is an alternative adsorbent for the removal dyes. Ultrastructural visualization of peanut shell is the fiber structure shell, multi-layers and many linkages among the fibers which could create to various pores with different sizes. The best eosin Y removal percentage had 87.7% in 25 g L-1 of peanut shell at 30 minute.

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HIGHLIGHTS Screening extremophile Bacillus strains from various Hot Springs Characterization Of Bacillus Strains Producing Highly Thermostable Amylase Genetic identification of the best strains

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HIGHLIGHTS Microalgae science is a very active area of research in Brazil. Brazilian government has been funding projects in algal biotechnology. Brazilian institutes have gathered a deep knowledge in algal research. Researchers have been focused on bioproducts and biofuels from microalgae.

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HIGHLIGHTS Illustration of various important fields of biotechnology where cyanobacterial exopolysaccharides are potentially useful. Discussion of research gaps and new opportunities to make the biomaterial suitable for industrial uses.

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Abstract Plant based protein sources are one of the best, cost effective and easily available protein sources being used in fish feed. But due to a lower number of micro-biota in fish gut plant meal based diets cannot be digested and absorbed well in fish body. Probiotics were supplemented at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 gkg-1 levels in fish feed for formulating one control and five test diets. In this study, three replicates of each treatment were used and number of fingerlings was 15 in each replicate. The C. carpio (common carp) fingerlings were fed at 5% of live wet weight on their prescribed diet twice daily. The results revealed that supplementation of probiotics in corn gluten meal based diets significantly (p<0.05) improved growth performance, carcass composition and hematological parameters. Most optimum values of growth performance parameters were noted at 2 gkg-1 level of probiotics supplemented diet. C. carpio fingerlings fed corn gluten meal based diet supplemented with 2 gkg-1 level of probiotics indicated significant (p<0.05) improvements in crude protein (17g) crude fat (9g) and gross energy (3 kcalg-1) whereas higher red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs) and hemoglobin (Hb) was also recorded in fish blood when fed 2 gkg-1 probiotics level diet. From these results, it was concluded that 2 gkg-1 probiotics supplementation in corn gluten meal based diet is optimum for improving growth performance, body composition and hematology of C. carpio fingerlings.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS This work studies the dormancy dynamics of blueberries growing in mild winter regions. The four rabbiteye blueberry cultivars meet the chilling requirements in the study. The floral buds of 'Delite' are more precocious than the other cultivars. Insights on how temperate fruit species could behave in warming climate scenarios.

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HIGHLIGHTS Nanoparticles (NPs) exhibited greater performance of immobilized enzyme. They influence the sensitivity, selectivity, loading, mobility and stability of enzymes. β-galactosidase immobilized on NPs retained greater activity against various physical and chemical denaturants.

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HIGHLIGHTS M. oleífera is tolerant to the effect of salinity. Seed vigor is reduced by salinity. Germination of moringa seeds lasts 86 hours.

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HIGHLIGHTS This scoping review summarizes the findings of clinical trials using methylene blue (MB) for the treatment of various health conditions. This research method allowed mapping main findings, clarifying research topics, and identifying gaps in the literature.

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HIGHLIGHTS The main consequences for the offspring are correlated to metabolic health. Paternal exposure to a high-fat diet induces insulin resistance on offspring. In female offspring induces increased risks of breast cancer. In male offspring induces renal injury and increased triglycerides.

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HIGHLIGHTS Plant lectins are proteins that have biotechnological potential. The antibacterial activity of lectins can occur by immunomodulation. Due to their characteristics, lectins are promising targets for antibacterial activity.

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HIGHLIGHTS Iron oxide based nanoparticles were synthesized. They can be linked to macrophages without the function of the macrophages being affected. No detrimental effects to the macrophages were evident.

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HIGHLIGHTS Adaptation of HEK-293T cells to suspension and serum-free conditions was performed. During the whole process, kinetic and metabolic parameters were evaluated. HEK-293T adaptation is an important step for GMP-compliant biopharmaceutical production.

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HIGHLIGHTS Dimethoate caused reproductive toxicity. Ferulic acid ameliorated some parameters. Histopathology and oxidative stress are very important criters.

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HIGHLIGHTS Nine of 472 initially identified articles were selected for qualitative evaluation. Most studies show that caffeine can interfere with bone metabolism. Caffeine can accelerate bone loss and delay bone repair. In contrast, caffeine can activate osteogenesis and bone neoformation.

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HIGHLIGHTS Biosynthesis of graphene using extract of Parthenium hysterophorous (P-H) as surfactant. Antibacterial activity of Graphene/Parthenium hysterophorous (G/P-H) was found to be controlled by graphene content in the G/P-H nanocomposite. Biocompatible graphene has a potential to be used in biomedical applications.

Abstract in English:

HIGHLIGHTS Sweet potatoes (SP) are cultivated worldwide and feed millions of people, mainly in developing countries. SP composition includes starch and other carbohydrates, which may change during postharvest and processing. SP may serve as source of slowly digestible and resistant starch and other ingredients for the food industry, including bioactive compounds with potential for promoting health benefits.

Abstract in English:

Abstract wastewater treatment (WT) is of major importance on modern cities, removing wastewater pollutants resultant from anthropogenic activities. The unique abilities of microbes to degrade organic matter, remove nutrients and transform toxic compounds into harmless products make them essential players in waste treatment. The microbial diversity determines the metabolic pathways that may occur in WT and quality of treated wastewater. Therefore, understanding WT microbial community structure, distribution, and metabolic functioning is essential for development and optimization of efficient microbial engineering systems. Since cultivation methods can only detect a small fraction of the microbial diversity, the use of culture-independent molecular methods has circumvented this issue, allowing unprecedented access to genes and genomes used for microbial composition and function evaluation. Traditional approaches like RAPD, DGGE, ARDRA, RISA, SSCP, T-RFLP, and FISH and modern approaches like microarray, qPCR, and metagenomics are essential techniques for identifying and depicting the total microbial community structure and their interaction with environmental and biotic factors. Thus, this review describes traditional and state of the art molecular techniques which provide insights into phylogenetic and functional activities of microbial assemblages in a WT system.

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HIGHLIGHTS This paper presents a survey on focused web crawlers. This paper presents the challenges in focused crawling research. This paper presents the highlights and hindrances of existing focused web crawlers. This paper also presents the future scope for research in focused web crawling.

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HIGHLIGHTS This paper proposes a new hybrid feature selection method. This paper proposes a novel Decision Tree based salp optimization algorithm. The proposed model is trained using four datasets namely Leukemia, Diffuse Larger B-cell Lymphomas (DLBCL), Lung cancer and Colon. This paper produces an accuracy of 98.88.