Effect of the addition of sulfated polysaccharides of animal and algal origin in the freezing medium of <i>Colossoma macropomum</i> (Characiformes: Serrasalmidae)

Melo, Carlos Henrique Sousa de; Apoliano, Marcos Luiz da Silva; Sales, Yara Silvino; Nascimento, Renata Vieira do; Pereira, Vanessa Alves; Costa, Emanuel Martins da; Lobato, Jéssica Sales; Rodrigues, José Ariévilo Gurgel; Salmito-Vanderley, Carminda Sandra Brito

doi:10.1590/1984-3143-AR2025-0105

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Anim. Reprod. 22 (4) • 2025 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-3143-AR2025-0105 linkcopy

Effect of the addition of sulfated polysaccharides of animal and algal origin in the freezing medium of Colossoma macropomum (Characiformes: Serrasalmidae)

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplementing the cryodiluent medium with sulfated polysaccharides (SP) extracted from marine algae (Ascophyllum nodosum or Solieria filiformis) and fish skin (Colossoma macropomum, Prochilodus brevis, or Oreochromis niloticus) on the cryopreservation of tambaqui semen. Twenty male tambaqui were used for semen collection and cryopreservation. For the fertilization assay, three males and five females were used. In Experiment 1, different concentrations of SP (0.0, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75 mg/mL) extracted from fish skin or marine algae were added to the freezing medium for C. macropomum semen. In Experiment 2, the results of sperm velocity analyses were used to select one concentration of each sulfated polysaccharide for use in fertilization trials. Among the treatments, A. nodosum at 0.75 mg/mL and C. macropomum at 0.50 mg/mL stood out, significantly improving sperm parameters such as motility, VCL, VSL, VAP, and LIN compared to the control group. S. filiformis, P. brevis, and O. niloticus also showed good results, with performance varying by concentration. Membrane integrity was higher in the algae-derived extract groups. Sperm morphology and DNA integrity did not differ significantly among groups. Fertilization rates remained high across all treatments (84.67% to 88.67%), with no statistically significant differences, indicating that the tested extracts did not compromise fertility. It was concluded that supplementation with SP from A. nodosum at 0.75 mg/mL and C. macropomum at 0.50 mg/mL, although all treatments showed similar fertility rates, is recommended as an additive to the semen dilution medium for tambaqui during freezing, as it improved important sperm parameters such as motility and VCL.

Keywords:
Tambaqui; semen freezing; cryoprotection; sperm kinetics

	Groups	Motility (%)	VCL (µm/s)	VSL (µm/s)	VAP (µm/s)	LIN (%)
Control	0.00 mg/mL	17.13 ± 0.56	15.69 ± 0.40	1.59 ± 0.19	4.76 ± 0.22	10.12 ± 1.13
A. nodosum	0.10 mg/mL	20.11 ± 1.81^Bab	17.74 ± 0.95*^Babc	2.62 ± 0.46^*Bab	6.45 ± 0.69^*Bab	14.70 ± 2.09^*Aab
	0.25 mg/mL	19.92 ± 0.68^Bab	17.95 ± 1.49^*Babc	2.58 ± 0.70^*Bab	6.43 ± 1.08^*Bab	14.21 ± 2.91^*Aab
	0.50 mg/mL	20.09 ± 0.90^Bab	18.13 ± 0.99^*Bab	2.79 ± 0.57^*ABab	6.17 ± 0.54^*Bab	14.96 ± 2.18^*Aab
	0.75 mg/mL	22.51 ± 1.69^*Aa	19.89 ± 1.42^*Aa	3.28 ± 0.63^*Aa	7.33 ± 0.88^*Aa	16.40 ± 2.16^*Aa
S. filiformis	0.10 mg/mL	18.68 ± 0.80^Ab	16.47 ± 0.77^Bbc	1.81 ± 0.40^Bb	5.19 ± 0.65^Bb	10.93 ± 2.12^Bb
	0.25 mg/mL	17.90 ± 2.93^Ab	16.49 ± 0.78^ABbc	2.17 ± 0.20^ABab	5.77 ± 0.16^ABab	13.12 ± 0.74^Aab
	0.50 mg/mL	19.66 ± 1.73^Aab	17.68 ± 1.47^*Aabc	2.47 ± 0.70^Aab	6.03 ± 0.65^Aab	13.76 ± 2.67^Aab
	0.75 mg/mL	19.13 ± 0.61^Aab	17.57 ± 1.13^*ABabc	2.45 ± 0.50^ABab	6.13 ± 0.79^*Aab	13.84 ± 2.16^Aab
C. macropomum	0.10 mg/mL	19.82 ± 1.79^Cab	16.45 ± 0.24^Abc	1.97 ± 0.53^Ab	5.51 ± 0.93^Ab	11.50 ± 2.56^Ab
	0.25 mg/mL	21.33 ± 2.55^*BCab	16.94 ± 1.06 ^Aabc	2.28 ± 0.49^Aab	5.88 ± 0.71^Aab	13.41 ± 2.45^Aab
	0.50 mg/mL	24.73 ± 3.30^*Aa	17.32 ± 0.88^Aabc	2.24 ± 0.43^Aab	5.94 ± 0.78^Aab	12.85 ± 1.98^Aab
	0.75 mg/mL	23.28 ± 2.65^*ABa	16.67 ± 0.79^Aabc	2.10 ± 0.26^Aab	5.66 ± 0.41^Aab	12.24 ± 0.57^Aab
P. brevis	0.10 mg/mL	23.28 ± 2.39^*Aa	16.50 ± 0.68^Abc	1.89 ± 0.40^Bb	5.49 ± 0.67^Ab	11.41 ± 2.17^Bb
	0.25 mg/mL	19.28 ± 1.88^Bab	16.61 ± 0.70^Aabc	2.04 ± 0.32^ABab	5.66 ± 0.67^Aab	12.22 ± 1.59^ABab
	0.50 mg/mL	21.76 ± 2.12^*Aab	16.57 ± 0.61^Aabc	2.02 ± 0.35^ABab	5.64 ± 0.42^Aab	12.78 ± 2.50^ABab
	0.75 mg/mL	19.23 ± 1.98^Bab	16.86 ± 0.93^Aabc	2.30 ± 0.39^Aab	5.95 ± 0.60^Aab	13.62 ± 2.03^Aab
O. niloticus	0.10 mg/mL	20.28 ± 2.11^Aab	15.92 ± 0.86^Bc	1.76 ± 0.36^Bb	5.10 ± 0.67^Bb	10.97 ± 1.69^Cb
	0.25 mg/mL	19.65 ± 1.43^Aab	16.41 ± 0.95^ABbc	1.97 ± 0.38^ABb	5.47 ± 0.68^ABb	11.97 ± 1.77^BCab
	0.50 mg/mL	20.67 ± 2.64^Aab	16.77 ± 0.41^Aabc	2.15 ± 0.16^Aab	5.77 ± 0.46^Aab	12.81 ± 0.73^ABab
	0.75 mg/mL	20.62 ± 0.77^*Aab	16.71 ± 0.79^Aabc	2.25 ± 0.42^Aab	5.75 ± 0.61^Aab	14.08 ± 1.62^*Aab

	Groups	Membrane integrity (%)	Normal morphology (%)	DNA integrity (%)
Control	0.00 mg/mL	-	56.88 ± 5.67	80.0 ± 5.96
A. nodosum	0.10 mg/mL	57.70 ± 13.12^ABab	59.31 ± 5.25^Aab	86.75 ± 4.27^ABa
	0.25 mg/mL	69.50 ± 5.59^Aa	55.56 ± 5.83^ABab	84.75 ± 8.15^ABa
	0.50 mg/mL	43.07 ± 5.00^Babc	51.50 ± 6.12^Bab	87.86 ± 3.36^Aa
	0.75 mg/mL	45.00 ± 4.45^Babc	53.88 ± 8.11^ABab	80.50 ± 7.67^Ba
S. filiformis	0.10 mg/mL	42.62 ± 7.61^Aabcd	49.94 ± 5.00^Cb	78.71 ± 11.29^Aa
	0.25 mg/mL	43.86 ± 9.58^Aabcd	60.69 ± 7.08^Aa	81.31 ± 5.61^Aa
	0.50 mg/mL	42.79 ± 5.41^Aabcd	52.19 ± 7.35^BCab	79.00 ± 7.45^Aa
	0.75 mg/mL	27.64 ± 4.31^Babcd	56.62 ± 5.48^ABa	82.44 ± 4.62^Aa
C. macropomum	0.10 mg/mL	22.75 ± 4.87^ABbcd	56.19 ± 4.96^ABab	78.75 ± 6.50^Aa
	0.25 mg/mL	23.00 ± 3.73^Abcd	58.81 ± 5.42^Aab	81.81 ± 6.45^Aa
	0.50 mg/mL	20.09 ± 3.00^ABbcd	56.94 ± 4.84^ABab	81.19 ± 5.15^Aa
	0.75 mg/mL	18.03 ± 1.51^Bc	53.36 ± 2.34^Bab	82.38 ± 4.58^Aa
P. brevis	0.10 mg/mL	19.01 ± 3.56^Bcd	56.50 ± 7.21^Aab	82.25 ± 6.34^Aa
	0.25 mg/mL	21.05 ± 3.64^ABbcd	58.19 ± 6.43^Aab	82.25 ± 6.09^Aa
	0.50 mg/mL	24.05 ± 3.04^Aabcd	60.56 ± 6.04^Aab	83.62 ± 6.07^Aa
	0.75 mg/mL	18.02 ± 2.77^Bc	55.31 ± 5.98^Aab	80.56 ± 5.14^Aa
O. niloticus	0.10 mg/mL	28.21 ± 9.16^Aabcd	56.94 ± 6.47^Aab	87.79 ± 2.36^Aa
	0.25 mg/mL	24.71 ± 6.49^ABabcd	56.75 ± 5.61^Aab	80.00 ± 5.35^Ba
	0.50 mg/mL	27.50 ± 5.41^Aabcd	57.31 ± 4.49^Aab	82.19 ± 4.66^Ba
	0.75 mg/mL	19.07 ± 5.13^Babcd	56.62 ± 4.90^Aab	82.62 ± 5.28^Ba

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[1] Total motility; Curvilinear velocity – VCL; Straight line velocity – VSL; Average path velocity – VAP and Linearity – LIN. Values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. An asterisk (*) indicates a statistically significant difference compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Different capital letters indicate statistically significant differences between the concentrations of sulfated polysaccharides within each group (p < 0.05). Different lowercase letters indicate statistically significant differences between concentrations of sulfated polysaccharides (p < 0.05).