X-ray dynamic observation of cervical degenerative disease induced by unbalanced dynamic and static forces in rats 1

Xie, Hua; Huang, Yongjing; Nong, Luming; Xu, Nanwei; Gao, Gongming; Zhou, Dong

doi:10.1590/s0102-865020170090000006

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ORIGINAL ARTICLES, 6-Experimental Surgery • Acta Cir. Bras. 32 (09) • Sept 2017 • https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-865020170090000006 linkcopy

X-ray dynamic observation of cervical degenerative disease induced by unbalanced dynamic and static forces in rats ¹

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Purpose: To investigate dynamically the X-ray appearance of cervical degenerative disease induced by unbalanced dynamic and static forces in rats.

Methods: A total of 60 Sprague Dawley rats were randomized into test (n=45) and control (n=15) groups, which were randomly subdivided into the one-, three- and six-month post-operative groups. The test group included 10, 15 and 20 rats at the respective corresponding post-operative stage and the control group included five rats at each time-point. By excising cervicodorsal muscles, interspinous ligaments and supraspinous ligament of rats in the test group, the balance of dynamic and static forces on cervical vertebrae was disrupted to establish a rat model of cervical degeneration. Spinal X-ray images were acquired, and intervertebral disc space and intervertebral foramen size were measured at one, three and six months post-operation. The results were analyzed and compared among groups.

Results: Cervical dynamic and static imbalance accelerated the appearance of cervical degenerative disease on X-ray.

Conclusion: Cervical degenerative disease may be induced by unbalanced dynamic and static forces in rats.

Key words:
Cervical Vertebrae; X-Rays; Rats

Group/time post-surgery (months)	C2-3	C3-4	C4-5	C5-6	C6-7
Test 1	0.12±0.01	0.12±0.01	0.12±0.01	0.13±0.05	0.10±0.02
3	0.10±0.01	0.11±0.01	0.11±0.01	0.11±0.02	0.11±0.01
6	0.09±0.04^a,c	0.12±0.05^a	0.12±0.02^a	0.10±0.05^b,c	0.12±0.03
Control 1	0.11±0.01	0.10±0.01	0.11±0.01	0.12±0.01	0.09±0.01
3	0.11±0.02	0.12±0.02	0.12±0.01	0.11±0.01	0.12±0.02
6	0.13±0.03	0.15±0.02	0.14±0.02	0.17±0.05	0.12±0.01

Group/time post-surgery (months)	C2-3			C3-4
Group/time post-surgery (months)	Anterior	Middle	Posterior	Anterior	Middle	Posterior
Test
1	0.14±0.01	0.13±0.01	0.12±0.02	0.13±0.01	0.12±0.01	0.12±0.01
3	0.11±0.02	0.11±0.02	0.09±0.02	0.11±0.01	0.10±0.02	0.09±0.02
6	0.14±0.02	0.10±0.01^c	0.10±0.02^b	0.13±0.03	0.11±0.01	0.10±0.02^a
Control
1	0.13±0.01	0.12±0.01	0.11±0.01	0.13±0.01	0.12±0.00	0.11±0.01
3	0.12±0.01	0.12±0.02	0.10±0.02	0.11±0.02	0.11±0.01	0.10±0.01
6	0.17±0.04	0.15±0.01	0.14±0.01	0.14±0.03	0.12±0.01	0.12±0.01

Group/time post-surgery (months)	C4-5			C5-6			C6-7
Group/time post-surgery (months)	Anterior	Middle	Posterior	Anterior	Middle	Posterior	Anterior	Middle	Posterior
Test
1	0.12±0.00	0.12±0.01	0.11±0.02	0.12±0.01	0.11±0.01	0.10±0.02	0.13±0.01	0.12±0.01	0.11±0.01
3	0.09±0.02^a	0.11±0.01	0.10±0.02	0.11±0.2	0.10±0.02	0.09±0.02	0.11±0.01	0.10±0.01^a	0.09±0.01
6	0.10±0.02	0.12±0.03^a	0.09±0.02^c	0.14±0.01^a	0.11±0.01^c	0.10±0.02^c	0.14±0.01^b	0.13±0.01^c	0.12±0.02
Control
1	0.11±0.00	0.10±0.00	0.13±0.01	0.13±0.01	0.11±0.00	0.11±0.00	0.12±0.01	0.12±0.01	0.11±0.02
3	0.12±0.02	0.10±0.01	0.12±0.01	0.12±0.01	0.11±0.02	0.09±0.02	0.12±0.02	0.11±0.01	0.10±0.02
6	0.12±0.01	0.14±0.03	0.12±0.03	0.16±0.03	0.14±0.04	0.14±0.02	0.19±0.04	0.15±0.01	0.13±0.01

Group/time post-surgery (months)	C2-3	C3-4	C4-5	C5-6	C6-7
Test 1	0.30±0.03	0.24±0.03	0.22±0.02	0.24±0.03	0.24±0.02
3	0.26±0.03	0.21±0.03	0.20±0.03	0.20±0.04	0.20±0.04
6	0.29±0.04	0.22±0.04	0.19±0.03^a,c	0.19±0.02^b,c	0.17±0.08^b,d
Control 1	0.28±0.02	0.23±0.02	0.22±0.05	0.24±0.03	0.22±0.02
3	0.27±0.01	0.25±0.02	0.21±0.02	0.22±0.02	0.20±0.03
6	0.33±0.02	0.26±0.05	0.25±0.03	0.25±0.02	0.25±0.04

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[TFN1] Values are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation. ^aP<0.05, ^bP<0.01 vs. control group; c^a2P<0.05 vs. 1-month post-operative parameters in test group.