Conformidade dos sistemas preventivos contra incêndios em instituição de ensino: um estudo de caso em Santa Catarina

Matos, Ícaro Rocha de; Vaz, Igor Catão Martins; Custódio, Diego Antônio; Ghisi, Enedir

doi:10.1590/s1678-86212026000100987

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Special issue: the best papers of SISPRED 2025 • Ambiente Construído 26 • Jan-Dec 2026 • https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-86212026000100987 linkcopiar

Conformidade dos sistemas preventivos contra incêndios em instituição de ensino: um estudo de caso em Santa Catarina

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Este estudo avalia a conformidade dos sistemas de segurança contra incêndios em um prédio educacional no departamento de engenharia civil da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Foram comparados os requisitos das normas de segurança contra incêndios de 1994, vigentes à época do plano de prevenção e proteção contra incêndios, com as instruções normativas atuais do Corpo de Bombeiros Militar de Santa Catarina (CBMSC). A metodologia consistiu em inspeções in loco, na elaboração de uma planta da obra concluída e na aplicação de listas de verificação normativas. Os resultados mostraram que há importantes não conformidades, embora os sistemas de segurança necessários estejam instalados. Em particular, a desativação do banco de baterias inutiliza a iluminação de emergência e a sinalização de evacuação de um dos blocos. Ademais, alguns dos extintores estão obstruídos ou despressurizados, e os componentes dos hidrantes estão incompletos. Em geral, o edifício não cumpre as exigências de segurança para o seu perfil de ocupação, evidenciando a necessidade de manutenção e de atualização do plano de prevenção e proteção contra incêndios. As conclusões reforçam a importância da gestão contínua da segurança contra incêndios nas instituições de ensino a fim de garantir a segurança das pessoas e proteger os bens públicos.

Palavras-chave
Avaliação de conformidade; Segurança contra incêndio; Edifício público; Instruções normativas

Fire safety system	Corresponding normative instruction¹	Compliance assessment
Vehicle access to the building	IN 35	-
Fire alarm	IN 12	Assessed in this study
Fire brigade	IN 28	-
Vertical compartmentalisation	IN 14	-
Control of finishing materials	IN 18	-
Automatic fire detection	IN 12	-
Fire extinguishers	IN 6	Assessed in this study
Combustible gas	IN 8	-
Hydrant system	IN 7	Assessed in this study
Emergency lighting	IN 11	Assessed in this study
Low-voltage electrical installation	IN 19	-
Emergency plan	IN 31	-
Structural protection	IN 14	-
Emergency exits	IN 9	-
Signs indicating that the premises should be vacated	IN 13	Assessed in this study

Fire safety system	Characteristics inspected
Fire extinguishers	Installation height; Signage; Access and pressurisation
Emergency lighting system	Installation height; Operation
Signalling abandonment of premises	Installation height; Condition of the plates; Operation
Fire alarm system	Alarm centre; Installation height; Access; Operation
Hydrant system	Installation height, Access, Condition of hydrants and shelters. Other characteristics could not be assessed. The volume of the technical firefighting water reserve was also discussed.

Prevention system	Compliance with installed height¹	Observation in accordance with the system
Fire extinguishers	100%	90% of fire extinguishers had adequate signage¹, 86% were easily accessible without obstruction, and 93% of DCP fire extinguishers were pressurised
Emergency lighting	64%	50% functioned properly²
Signs of abandonment	98%	53% functioned properly²
Fire alarm	100%	97% of the actuators were easily accessible without obstruction, 100% had supervision status, and 88% had photoluminescent signage.
Hydrants system	100%	91% of fire hydrants were accessible, with no obstructions, and 77% were in good visual condition. The assessment of water pressure or flow was not included in this compliance check.

Problem	Systems	G	U	T	Total	Suggestions and recommendations
Leaking batteries in the alarm control	Fire alarm	5	5	4	100	Replace the batteries in the alarm control panel at reception, as they are leaking electrolyte.
Depressurised DCP and unregulated CO₂ fire extinguishers	Fire extinguishers	5	5	2	50	Recharge the two depressurised DCP fire extinguishers. Regularise CO₂ fire extinguishers by engraving the tare weight or buying new ones.
Battery bank space used as storage	Battery bank	5	5	2	50	Clean the battery room in Block B, removing any accumulation of combustible materials (cardboard, furniture) that pose a fire hazard.
Battery bank in block B deactivated	Battery bank	5	5	2	50	Perform corrective maintenance to reactivate the battery bank in Block B, which is currently switched off and poses a safety risk.
Obstruction of access to equipment	General (more than one system)	4	4	2	32	Immediately remove furniture, boxes, and other materials that obstruct access to the equipment.
Missing components in fire hydrants	Hydrants	5	5	1	25	Replace missing components in hose shelters, specifically keys and nozzles.
Lack of exit signs	Abandonment Signalling	5	5	1	25	Install exit signs in the corridors where they were planned in the design but not implemented.
Lack of inspection of fire hydrant shelters	Hydrants	3	3	2	18	Repair damaged fire hydrant shelters (e.g., missing handles) to ensure the integrity of the system.
Signage is non-compliant with new standards	Abandonment Signalling	3	3	2	18	Replace old, rusted or yellowed signage with new photoluminescent signage in accordance with current standards.
Fault emergency lighting	Emergency lighting	4	4	1	16	Replace burned-out bulbs/light fixtures or repair connections on units that failed operational tests.
FPPP is outdated in relation to current standards	General (more than one system)	2	2	1	4	Develop a new FPPP that is updated in accordance with current regulations, as the current plan dates from 2013 and contains operational discrepancies.
Lack of training for on-site employees	General (more than one system)	2	2	1	4	Implement periodic training and formalise the Fire Brigade to prevent the creation of obstructions.
Fire hydrants in positions that hinder their operation	Hydrants	2	2	1	4	Carry out renovations to reposition fire hydrants behind doorways or change door direction to prevent obstruction during evacuation.
Irregular installation heights	General (more than one system)	1	1	1	1	Standardise the installation heights of all equipment to fully comply with current standards in future renovations.

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[1] Note:

[tfn01] ^¹
all IN (Normative Instructions) are available in CBMSC (2025).