Sedimentary evidence of glacial entrainment at Patriot Hills and Union Glacier moraines, Ellsworth Mountains, West Antarctica

COSTA, VANESSA; ROSA, KÁTIA K.; SANDES, ALLAN; DELPUPO, CAROLINE; VIEIRA, ROSEMARY

doi:10.1590/0001-3765202220210114

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GEOSCIENCES • An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc. 94 (suppl 1) • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220210114 linkcopy

Sedimentary evidence of glacial entrainment at Patriot Hills and Union Glacier moraines, Ellsworth Mountains, West Antarctica

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

This work aims to analyze and compare the sedimentological data of Ellsworth Mountains, West Antarctica: Patriot/Independence Hills and Union Glacier, and how sedimentological data can be used to infer sediment entrainment. Particular attention was concentrated on morainic deposits. Remote sensing data was used in the identification of deposits and the ice flow; granulometric, morphoscopic, and geochemical analyses were applied to investigate the sedimentary origin and transport history. Sediment rich in Si Al, Fe, and Ca predominate in Independence Hills and Rossman Cove but Ca prevails in Elephant Head. CIA indicated low values, which depict low chemical weathering processes. X-ray diffraction reveals the presence of minerals that constitute the local rocks in the Union Glacier area, and from the unexposed basement rocks in Independence Hills. Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis results suggest the sediment is related to the local rocks in the Union Glacier and distinct exotic sources in Independence Hills, associated with far-traveled sediment. It is also observed the influence of distinct processes of entrainment sediment on its granulometric and morphoscopic characteristics.

Key words
Antarctica; Ellsworth Mountains; sedimentology; geochemistry; glacial geomorphology

Area	Sample ID*	Latitude	Longitude
	PH-BI-01	80°19’11.7’’S	81°25’20.5’’W
	PH-BI-02	80°19’11.7’’S	81°25’20.5”W
Patriot Hills	PH-BI-03	80°19’18.6’’S	81°23’48.2’’W
	PH-BI-04	80°19’18.9’’S	81°23’44.7’’W
	PH-BI-05	80°18’49’’S	81°31’18.8’’W
	IH-BI-01-EX	80°20’56.8’’S	81°39’02.3’’W
	IH-BI-02_EX	80°21’03.2’’S	81°38’38.4’’W
	IH-BI-03	80°21’34.07’’S	81°36’50.6’ W
	IH-BI-04	80°20’58.6’’S	81°38’55.2’W
Independence Hills	IH-BI-05	80°20’58.6’’S	81°38’57º W
	IH-BI-06	80°20’57.7’’S	81°39’01.6”W
	IH-BI-07	80° 21’12.9’’S	81°38’05.8”W
	IH-MO-01	80° 20’59.7’’S	81°39’19.3”W
	IH-MO-02	80° 21’15.2’’S	81°38’24.7’’W
	IH-MO-03	80° 21’5.2’’S	81°39’22.1”W
	UG-01	79°45’51.8”S	83°14’55.0’’W
	UG-02	79°45’59.1’’S	83°15’09.2’’W
	UG-03	79°45’66.6’’S	83°15’89.5’’W
	UG-04	79°45’73.7’S	83 16’68.0’’W
Union Glacier	UG-05	79°45’81.0’’S	83°17’58.5’’W
	UG-06	79°45’86.1’’S	83°18’22.0’’W
	UG-07	79°45’86.1’’S	83°18’98.9’’W
	UG-08	79°45’91.7’’S	83°19’81.8’’W
	UG-09	79°45’97.5’’S	83°20’72.8’’W
	UG-10	79°46’03.5’’S	83°21’57.2’’W
	RC -01	79°47’89.2’’S	82°53’36.9’’W
	RC -02	79°47’84.9’’S	82°53’53.6’’W
Rossman Cove	RC -03	79°47’80.8’’S	82°53’74.7’’W
	RC -04	79°47’75.7’’S	82°54’01.1’’W
	RC -05	79°47’71.7’’S	82°54’29.2’’W
	RC-06	79°47’60.9”S	82°54’58.4’’W
	RC-07	79°47’60.9”S	82°54’85.0’’W
	RC-08	79°47’56.2S	82°55’09.6’’W
Rossman Cove	RC-09	79° 47’ 50.3’S	82°55 39.7’’W
	RC-10	79°47’43.9’S	82°55’71.1’’W
	EH-01	79°49’11.1’’S	83°16’10.7’’W
	EH-02	79°49’29.8’’S	83°20’42.6’’W
Elephant Head Valley	EH-03	79°49’23.8’’S	83°18’92.8’’W
	EH-04	79°49’13.1’’S	83°18’42.5’’W
	EH-05	79°49’28.9’’S	83°20’02.0’’W
	EH-06	79°49’22.9’’S	83°19’07.7’’W
	EH-MO-01	79°48’70.9’’S	83°05’20.7’’W
Elephant Head Moraine	EH-MO-02	79°48’70.8’’S	83°05’19,8”W
	EH-MO-03	79° 48’ 70.6’’S	83° 05’ 19,5’’W

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[tfnI] *PH- Patriot Hill; IH- Independence Hills; UG – Union Glacier; EH - Elephant Head; RC – Rossman Cove; BI – Blue Ice; EX- External; MO – Moraine.