Anti-<i>Brucella canis</i> antibodies in dogs naturally infected with <i>Leishmania infantum</i> and associated histological alterations in the genital tract

BOECHAT, VIVIANE C.; PEREIRA, SANDRO A.; MENDES JÚNIOR, ARTUR A.V.; VICENTE, ACÁCIA F.; MEGID, JANE; DASSO, MAURÍCIO G.; RODRIGUES, ROGERIO O.; MIRANDA, LUCIANA F.C.; FIGUEIREDO, FABIANO B.; FERREIRA, LUIZ C.; TELES-DE-FREITAS, RAYANE; BRUNO, RAFAELA V.; MENEZES, RODRIGO C.

doi:10.1590/0001-3765202120201682

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ANIMAL SCIENCE • An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc. 93 (suppl 4) • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120201682 linkcopy

Anti-Brucella canis antibodies in dogs naturally infected with Leishmania infantum and associated histological alterations in the genital tract

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

In canine visceral leishmaniasis, coinfections can aggravate the disease. Our aim was to investigate Brucella canis in dogs infected with Leishmania infantum. One hundred and six L. infantum-seropositive dogs were submitted to serology for B. canis, PCR for B. canis and L. infantum, and histopathological analysis of the genital tract. Anti-B. canis antibodies were detected in seven dogs whose clinical signs, L. infantum load and histological alterations were similar to those of seronegative animals. The circulation of anti-B. canis antibodies was low but demonstrates the exposure of dogs to this bacterium in a visceral leishmaniasis-endemic area.

Key words
canine brucellosis; canine visceral leishmaniasis; histopathology; PCR; serology

Dog	Sex	Breed	Age (years)	Clinical signs	Histological alterations	Leishmania in genital tract (PC, IHC, HP and qPCR)	L. infantum load ^a
1	M	Mongrel	4	Thinness, alopecia, desquamation, cutaneous ulcers, lymphadenomegaly, splenomegaly, onychogryphosis	Moderate to intense bilateral granulomatous orchitis, seminiferous tubule atrophy and degeneration; moderate to intense, bilateral granulomatous epididymitis	T (+); E (+); P (-)	T=6.87; E=6.30
2	M	Mongrel	3	Thinness, alopecia, desquamation, cutaneous ulcers, lymphadenomegaly, splenomegaly, onychogryphosis	Moderate to intense bilateral granulomatous orchitis, seminiferous tubule atrophy and degeneration; moderate to intense unilateral granulomatous epididymitis; mild lymphoplasmacytic prostatitis with glandular fibrosis and atrophy	T (+); E (+); P (+)	T=13.93; E=10.53; P=13.27
3	M	Mongrel	2	Lymphadenomegaly, splenomegaly	Moderate to intense bilateral granulomatous epididymitis	T (-); E (+); P (-)	NQ
4	M	Pitbull	9	Cutaneous ulcer, lymphadenomegaly	Mild bilateral granulomatous orchitis; moderate to intense bilateral granulomatous epididymitis; moderate to intense lymphoplasmacytic prostatitis with cysts and glandular fibrosis and atrophy	T (+); E (+); P (+)	T= -1.91; E=2.64; P= -1.04
5	M	Mongrel	2	Cutaneous ulcer	Absent	T (-); E (-); P (-)	NQ
6	F	Mongrel	2	Thinness, alopecia, desquamation, cutaneous ulcers, lymphadenomegaly, splenomegaly, onychogryphosis	Moderate to intense granulomatous vulvitis; mild non granulomatous vaginitis; Endometrial hyperplasia	Vu (+); Va (+); U (+)	Vu=4.73; Va=10.73; U=12.34
7	F	Mongrel	3	Absent	Moderate to intense granulomatous vulvitis; mild non granulomatous vaginitis	Vu (+); Va (+);U (-)	NQ

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[tfnI] a= L. infantum load expressed as the natural logarithm of the number of parasite genome equivalents (gEq)/ng; M= male; F= female; PC= parasitological culture; IHC= immunohistochemistry; HP= histopathology; qPCR= quantitative polymerase chain reaction; T= testis; E= epididymis; P= prostate; Vu= vulva; Va= vagina; U= uterus; (+)= positive for Leishmania in at least one test; (-)= negative in all Leishmania tests; NQ= not quantified.